• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.518-529
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this research was to develop a nursing intervention list for family caregivers. The specific steps were as follows : 1. Analyze the concept, Soobal, based on literature review and case observation. 2. Generate an initial list of defining activities for ‘Caregiver Support : Soobal’. 3. Validate the defining activities. 4. Complete the final list of defining activities. A two-round Delphi questionnaire with an adaptation of Fehring's methodology was used to establish the content validity of intervention, Caregiver Support : Soobal. The definition of ‘Caregiver Support : Soobal’ was provision of the necessary information, advocacy, and support to facilitate primary patient care by someone other than a health care professional in Korean traditional manners. Ten nurse experts participated in Round I and II of this study. They were asked to rate activities that examplified the interventions on a scale of 1 (activity is not at all characteristic) to 5 (activity is very characteristic). Round I contained 15 ‘critical’ activities and 10 ‘supporting’ activities, while round II contained 16 ‘critical’ activities and 6 ‘supporting’ activities. No activities were considered to be ‘nonsupporting’ in both round I and II. Finally, the definition and 25 defining activities were developed. Intervention, Caregiver Support : Soobal, attained an ICV score of .82. This study provides a protocol model to develop Korean nursing interventions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.207-217
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 3~6세의 언어장애아동을 대상으로 일상적 스크립트를 활용한 언어중재에서 양육자와 언어재활사가 인식하는 우선적 중재가 필요한 주요 의사소통 상황을 분석하는데 목적이 있었다. 예비조사와 본 설문조사를 거쳐 수집한 데이터를 계층분석 (AHP)을 사용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과, 3개의 상위 상황 중에서 양육자는 '교육사회생활' 그리고 언어재활사는 '가정생활'을 가장 우선적인 상황으로 선택하였다. 상위별 하위상황의 경우, '가정생활'에서는 '식사', '교육사회생활'에서는 '친구와 놀기'가, 그리고 '여가문화생활'에서는 '놀이터'가 중요한 의사소통 상황으로 인식되었다. 전체 35개의 하위 상황에서 양육자는 '친구와 놀기' 그리고 언어재활사는 '식사'를 선택하였으며, 상위 5순위의 상황을 살펴보면 양육자와 언어재활사 모두 '가정생활'의 상황들이 높은 중요도 비율을 보였다. 아동연령별로 양육자 인식을 분석한 결과, 3세와 6세의 각 양육자 집단은 '가정생활' 그리고 4세와 5세의 각 양육자 집단은 '교육사회생활'을 가장 중요한 상위 상황으로 보았다. 전체 하위상황에서도 아동의 연령별로 양육자의 주요 상황에 대한 우선순위 인식에서 약간의 차이를 보였다. 본 연구결과는 언어재활사가 스크립트를 활용한 언어중재를 실시할 때 아동의 연령과 발달수준 뿐만 아니라 양육자의 요구를 고려한 의사소통 상황의 선정이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.113-127
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This systematic review was conducted to identify which dyadic intervention could be implemented for heart failure patient-family caregiver dyads to improve patient and/or their family caregivers outcomes. Method : Eleven databases were searched from their inception to July, 2021. This review considered any randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of intervention including heart failure patient-family caregiver dyads. Two reviewers independently evaluated the methodological quality using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias and extracted details of the included studies. The studies included in this review were not suitable for meta-analysis and therefore the results were presented as a narrative summary. Results : Six studies including 900 dyads were included and mainly primary family caregiver of patients was spouse. Majority of dyadic intervention were focused on psychoeducational intervention excepting one study on mobile health intervention. All studies included in this review focused on patients' outcomes compared to family caregivers' outcomes and dyadic outcomes. Individual interventions improved quality of life among heart failure patients and their family caregivers in two articles. The overall quality of selected articles was low. Conclusions : This study provides moderate support for the use of a dyadic intervention to improve quality of life among heart failure patients and their family caregivers. More rigorous high-quality studies investigating interventions to meet the needs of patient and family caregivers in heart failure care are needed.

• 종양간호연구
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.5-16
• /
• 2002

Purpose: This study was to develop a stress-adaptation model for family caregivers of cancer patients that could provide the basis of planning nursing intervention. Method: A hypothetical model was developed using the family adaptation model proposed by Haley et al. (1987). In the literature, the stressor was identified as patient's characteristics, caregiver's characteristics, duration of illness, and family life events. It affected stress appraisal, family resources, family coping and finally caregiver's adaptation. In this model, 18 paths were constructed. Data were collected from 241 caregivers, whose family members were in treatment between June and August 2000, at 3 university hospitals and were analyzed by SPSS and LISREL programs. Results: 1) The overall fitness indices of the hypothetical model were x 2=267.78 (P= .0), GFI= .92, AGFI= .87, NFI= .93, NNFI= .93, PNFI= .64, PGFI= .55, and RMR= .43. Ten of the eighteen paths proved to be significant. 2) To improve the model fitness, the hypothetical model was modified considering modification indices and the paths proved not significant. Final model excluded 3 paths demonstrated to be improved by x2=161.96 (P= .00), GFI= .95, AGFI= .91, NFI= .96, NNFI= .96, and RMR= .23. Twelve of fifteen paths proved to be significant. 3) Stress appraisal was influenced by disease related characteristics and duration of illness and was explained 22% of the variance. Family resources were influenced by stress appraisal and was explained 57% of variance. Family coping was influenced by disease related characteristics, caregiver's characteristics, duration of illness, family life event, and stress appraisal and was explained 57% of variance. Family caregiver adaptation was influenced by disease related characteristics, caregiver's characteristics, stress appraisal, and family coping and was explained 31% of variance. Twelve of fifteen paths were significant. Conclusion: Based on this study, to help family caregivers to adapt, individual intervention is necessary with consideration of disease related and caregiver's characteristics and duration of illness. The intervention should include efforts to raise the family resources and to identify positively the stress they encounter, and there is a need to establish an adaptation model that considers emotional aspects of family caregivers. Since there is a difference in emotional status depending on the disease stage, a study needs to be done to analyze the differences among the disease stages (diagnosis, treatment, recurrence, and terminal stages).

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.70-80
• /
• 2017

Purpose: In this study a caregiver's role improvement program was developed and tested to identify the effect on uncertainty, stress, and role performance of caregivers with hospitalized children. Methods: The design of this study was a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group and a non-synchronized design. Thirty-three caregivers were assigned to the experimental group and 33 to the control group. Data were collected from March 5 2016 to April 10 2016. For the experimental treatment, each individual was given on-site education with situated learning (given 30 minutes each, for 2 sessions), and self-repetition learning activities were performed from the e-book. Data were analyzed using t-test, ${\chi}^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results: The level of uncertainty and stress decreased, and role performance level improved for these caregivers with hospitalized children. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that using on-site education through situated learning and self-repetition learning with an e-book as in the caregiver's role improvement program is an effective intervention. Therefore, utilizing the caregiver role improvement program developed in this study is recommended as an effective intervention for caregivers of hospitalized children.

• 한국노년학
• /
• 제36권3호
• /
• pp.883-903
• /
• 2016

본 연구는 부양자가 인지한 치매노인의 증상 정도와 치매노인 부양자의 자살생각의 관계에서 부양부담의 하위 요인을 세분화하여 매개효과를 검증하고, 치매노인 부양자를 위한 사회복지적 개입 방안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 2015년 현재 서울시, 경기도와 부산의 각 지역에서 데이케어센터 및 요양기관을 이용하는 치매노인 부양자를 대상으로 설문을 진행하였고 총 428부의 자료를 수집하였으며, 이들 중 응답이 부실한 13부을 제외한 415부의 설문지를 최종분석에 사용하였다. SPSS 21.0을 사용하여 매개효과와 그 유의성을 검증하였고 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 치매노인 부양자 중 최근 1년간 자살에 대한 생각을 해본 적이 있다고 응답한 부양자는 21%로 나타냈다. 둘째, 치매노인의 증상 정도는 부양부담에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 부양자의 부양부담은 부양자가 인지한 치매 노인의 증상정도와 부양자의 자살생각과의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하고 있었고 이 매개효과는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과를 보여주었다. 이를 통해 부양자의 자살생각에 정적인 영향을 미치는 부양부담을 낮추기 위한 방안으로서 치매노인과 부양자에 대한 접근이 개선되어야 한다는 점을 제시하였고 이를 달성하기 위한 사회복지 중심의 프로그램 도입을 제안하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제18권3호
• /
• pp.457-467
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the main factors influencing family functioning of caregivers in families with stroke. Method: A Convenient sample of 173 primary family caregivers who take care of a stroke patient at an Oriental medicine hospital in Jeonbuk. Interviews were done with a standardized questionnaire including family functioning by nurses. Results: In Pearson's correlation analysis, the influencing factors related to family functioning were ADL(p=.017), level of paralysis(p=.019) as stressors, Quality of relation(p=.000) as situational variables, and family caregivers' burden(p=.000). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed 29.9% of the variance family functioning was significantly accounted for by the quality of relationship between stroke patient and caregiver(26.8%), and caregiver burden(3.1%). Conclusions: Findings indicate that families of stroke patients need family-focused nursing intervention as supported care to improve the relationship between patient and primary caregiver and relieve caregiver burden by culturally tailoring to Korean.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.144-155
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study investigated the factors affecting the quality of life (QOL) of the primary caregivers of home health care patients. Method: The subjects were 110 primary caregivers of patients who were receiving home health care from two home health care centers affiliated with general hospitals in Seoul. Data collection was conducted using five questionnaires. Results: Positive relationships were evident between QOL and social support and perceived health status of the primary caregiver. Negative relationships were evident between QOL and burden and depression. Multiple linear regression analysis for QOL revealed that the most powerful influencing factor was social support. Social support, burden, and depression explained 34.3% of the variance. Conclusion: Burden, depression, and social support are related with QOL of primary caregivers of home health care patients. Nursing intervention strategies directed at this caregiver population are needed.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.18-28
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the changes in functional status and caregiver burden after a community based case management program for stroke patients. Method: This study was designed as a one group pre and post test. A total of 61 stroke patients and their caregivers were sampled in three urban areas and two rural areas. Face to face interviews were conducted as a pre test one week before intervention, and a post test two weeks after intervention. The case management program consisted of four home visits and two telephone counseling sessions for assessment, education and providing information during the eight weeks. The collected data were analyzed with paired t test. Results: First, significant differences in functional status, and specifically mobility and cognition, were found between pre test and post test. Second, caregiver burden, in particular, objective burden was significantly decreased after 8 weeks. Third, the positive response for the services increased after 8 weeks. Conclusion: The community based case management program was effective to improve the functional status of stroke patients and to decrease the caregiver burden.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.384-395
• /
• 2000

This study examined burdens of primary family caregivers, and family functioning of patients with cancer. In addition, the relationship between two concepts was assessed to develop nursing intervention to reduce the burdens of caregiving, and to improve family functioning. Ninety-two primary family caregivers of patients with cancer at a general hospital in Seoul participated in this study. The patients with cancer aged from 19 to 84 years with a mean age of 51 years, and sixty-one percent were male. About 30 percent of the patients suffered liver and billiary tract cancer. Fifty-six percent of the primary family caregivers were spouses of the patients and 70.7 percent were women. Primary family caregivers' burdens were assessed by the Burden Scale originally developed by Zarit (1980) and Novak & Guest(1989) and modified by Jang (1995) for use in Korea. The instrument consists of six subscales: time-dependent burden, developmental burden, physical burden, emotional burden, social burden, and financial burden. Family functioning was assessed by the Family APGAR developed by Smilkstein(1978). The results were as follows: 1. The average burden score was 86.1, indicating a moderate level of burden. The time-dependent burden scored highest followed by developmental, physical, social, financial, and emotional burdens. The mean score of family APGAR was 9.71; among subjects 82.6% were included in dysfunctional families. 2. Of the characteristics of patients, age, gender, number of admissions, and job were found to be associated with the level of burden. There was no significant difference between patient characteristics and family functioning. Of the characteristics of primary family caregivers, caregiver's perception of patient prognosis was significantly related to the level of burden, and family functioning. Caregiver's sex and age were also related to family functioning. The quality of relationship between a patient and a caregiver was significant situational factors affecting the level of burden, and family functioning. In addition, the income of family, and help from other family members were related to the level of burden. Given the results, it is essential to develop nursing intervention to reduce burden and to improve family functioning, such as support groups.