• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problems of land and sea breeze model experiment that has presented in $5^{th}$ grade curriculum in chapter "Weather and our lives" and makes better model simulation so that learners can have better and more effective way to study it. To survey the opinions from dedicated teachers about land and sea breeze model experiment, we produced the survey through interview with science exclusive teacher from M elementary school. An elementary science education expert, 3 men of science EdD modified and complemented survey and started Delphi survey to 12 science teachers who have career teaching more than 3 years. The problems found in this survey were 'one heat bulb, short heating time, small temperature difference of water and sand, lack of class time, empty space between sand and water, back of transparent boxes, little amount of scent and the location of the it' etc. But the most of all, it is hard to see the successful result of the experiment. Based on these kinds of investigations, and lots of trial and error, redesigned the new model experiment that has the most similarity to the real one and high probability of success. According to this, it was able to see the smoke forms horizontal movement along the sand and the smoke goes in one circulation cycle. through this experiment, we made a conclusion that although those scientific experiments in textbook were developed through lots of considerations of expert, to consider the aspect of consumer, it needs to reach the educational agreement about simulation experiment so that It can lead to successful experiment and high quality education.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.634-645
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the teachers' stages of concern and levels of use on STEAM of the 2009 elementary science curriculum and to support effective application according to the teachers' stages and levels. Therefore this study was conducted by the Concerns-Based Adoption Model (CBAM). The total number of 113 teachers participated in this study. The results of the study were as follows: First, most teachers were in the stage of awareness. Second, the results of the chi-square test showed that the stages were significantly different according to their positions, training experiences and final degrees (p<.05). Third, about half of teachers were in the level of orientation and preparation. The others were in the level of routine, integration and renewal. Fourth, the results of the chi-square test showed that the levels were significantly different with the categories of their gender, position, age, career in education, workplace and training experience (p<.05). Fifth, the correlation coefficient between stages of concern and levels of use (r=.59) was relatively high (p<.05). Based on these results, we suggested that the support of application should be provided according to the teachers' stages and levels.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.111-129
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• 2001

This study was performed to develope a money management education program for elementary school students graded from 3 to 6 in order to enhance their money management skill. Based on the developmental stages of the children, this program covered five financial issues such as value of money, financial planning, allowance planning, saving and investment, and consuming and purchasing. Total 15 specific education programs were developed. The contents included in each program were value of money & economic circulation, types of money and the importance of money management, the issues related on choice and resource use, long-term and short-term planning, the relationship between occupation and earnings, career planning, budgeting, the reasons and types of saving, understanding of interest, investment methods, the functions of market and trade, intra family income distribution, consumptions, and consumer decision making process.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.36-49
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether elementary school parents' environmental literacy varied according to independent variables, to verify specific variables that affected their environmental literacy, and to analyze the correlation between elementary school students' and their parents' environmental literacy. Twelve elementary schools in Seoul and Gyeonggi-Do were chosen for purposive sampling. 342 questionnaires were used for analysis among the 350 questionnaires collected during the study, and their environmental literacy was measured through 55 questions consisted of 12 items for knowledge category, 22 for attitude category, 5 for behavior category, and 3 for skills category with 16 demographic variables. Statistical analysis was conducted on each of the variables that make up environmental literacy through mean t-test, F-distribution, Scheffe test, and Pearson correlation. The results of this study were as follows. (1) there is the difference according to age and career in parent's actual environmental literacy, but there is no difference in geneder, birthplace, residential type, religion and income. The parents in forties scored significantly higher than parents in thirties in subdomains of environmental skill and environmental interest in environmental literacy. And the parents with bachelor's degree scored significantly higher than parents with at least a high school diploma in subdomains of ecological knowledge, knowledge on environmental problems & issue, environmental skill and environmental behavior. (2) the most influential media on parents' environmental literacy is TV, then newspaper, internet and book follow. (3) the correlation between environmental crisis and environmental interest is the highest, but the mainly negative correlation is analysed between knowledge subdomains and other subdomains. (4) there is the correlation between elementary school students' and their parents' environmental literacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of vocal hygiene education for the female elementary school teachers. Materials and Method : Thirty healthy female elementary school teachers were enrolled for the study. We provided a vocal hygiene education to the half of them. Voice handicap index and acoustic parameters were measured before and 4 week after the education. The efficacy of vocal hygiene education was analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed-rank test. Results : The vocal hygiene group showed significant improvement both in the subjective and objective data after the education. However, the non-vocal hygiene group failed to show any improvement. In functional score, emotional score, jitter, shimmer, only Junior Class(JC) could find significant after the education. Only low career(LC) could find significant in subjective data. Conclusion : Vocal hygiene education may be useful in reducing vocal misuse and abuse associated with teaching, and can be an effective method to maintain and improve the vocal health of teachers.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.515-523
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to identify the structural relationship model between teacher attachment, peer attachment, self-encouragement, career self-efficacy, and career maturity and to analyze the direct or indirect effect among latent variables. 220 elementary school students in a Cheongju were sampled. Four measurement instruments were employed; the Teacher Attachment Peer Attachment Scale, Self-encouragement Scale, the Career self-efficacy and the Career Maturity scale. The Collected data were analyzed by correlation and regression alalysis with SPSS program and Structural Equation major Modeling(SEM) and fitness of the final model were CFI=.957, TLI=.951, RMSEA=.049. The results of this study were as follows: First, there were significant positive correlations among teacher attachment, peer attachment, self-encouragement, career self-efficacy, and career maturity. Second, according to the structural equation modeling, the results showed that self-encouragement and career self-efficacy mediated the effect of teacher attachment, peer attachment on career maturity.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.173-189
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• 2012

This study investigated elementary and secondary mathematics teachers' views on: (1) Requirements for good mathematics teaching (2) what professional development programs and supports are needed for these requirements. In particular, this study analyzed the common and difference between school levels and teaching experiences. For it, we developed questionnaire and the questionnaire was anonymously answered by one-hundred-five elementary and secondary mathematics teachers. We suggested implications related to professional development programs for mathematics teachers based on common and difference between school levels and teaching experiences.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.50-65
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• 1988

This study was conducted in order to grasp the condition of about the school nurse's service and to offer the basic materials of improving the school health service. The objects were comprised of 98 volunteered school nurses who take service in the elementary school. The material of this study was the questionaire suited to the purpose of this research which has been made through studying references and this questionaire has been corrected and revised three times. All the questionaire written by school-nurses. The results are as follows; 1. General features of the objects of study Average age was 35.9 and average career was 9.2 years. Except working as school-nurse, the past career was that average clinical-field was 3.4 years and health service was 4 months. Their educational level was as high as 72.4% of the objects were graduated from above 3 years college and 89.8% were married. 76.5% have religions and 94.8% were working at with national and public schools. 99.0% were doing only nursing service. 2. The conditions of the school health resources. The ratio of school-nurse to students was one to 2630. School-nurse to classes, one to 49.3, and school-nurse to teachers, one to 54. For total amount of a year budget of school health, from three hundred thousands to fifty nine hundred thousands won was most common. Expenses for purchasing medicine were used most. 58.2% of school-nurses hasn't known a year budget. There was an organization for school health in 74.2% of schools. 42.9% of nursing rooms were in the center of school and 88.8% were on first floor. Nursing room were used alone without being used by another purpose and the room size of 71.6% was below 10 pyong. 3. The conditions of school health service Average users of nursing room were 413 a month. The most of them had digestive trouble. Sending letters to home was 15.9 times a year. The most contents of letters was about health education. Object spent much time managing nursing room. 4. The degree of school health service When 2 points was given to "perform" and 1 point was to "not perform" the total average was 1.75, health education 1.89, environmental management 1.86, plan of project and evaluation 1.83, management of nursing room 1.82, health management 1.78, run of school health organization 1.32. 5. Correlation between the school health services and variables (1) The part of project plan and evaluation of school health service has relationship to existence or none-existence of school health organization (P<0.01), past health service career (P<0.05), number of classes (P<0.01), number of students (P<0.01), sending letters to home about health education (P<0.01) and number of users (P<0.05). (2) The part of nursing room management has relationship to ages (P<0.05) past clinical career (P<0.05), number of classes (P<0.05), number of students (P<0.05) and sending letters to home about health education (P<0.01). (3) The part of health education has relationship to existence or none-existence of school health organization (P<0.05), past clinical career (P<0.05), the ratio of health management to school nurse's all work (P<0.05) and the ratio of health education to school nurse's all work (P<0.01). (4) The part of environmental management to ages (P<0.01), career as a school-nurse (P<0.01), salary step(P<0.01), sending letters to home about health education (P<0.01), sending all letters to home (P<0.001), the ratio of health management to school nurse's all work (P<0.05), the ratio of health education to school nurse's all work (P<0.05) and area of school-nurse's room to be used. (5) The part of school health organization management to number of classes (P<0.05). (6) The part of health management to number of classes (P<0.05), sending letters to home about health education (P<0.001), sending all of letters to home (P<0.01) and the ratio of health management to school nurse's all work (P<0.05). (7) The part of school health service to ages (P<0.05), past clinical career (P<0.05), past health career (P<0.01), number of classes (P<0.05), number of student (P<0.05), sending letters to home about health education (P<0.05), sending all letters to home (P<0.05), the ratio of health management to school nurse's all work (P<0.05), the ratio of health education to school nurse's all work (P<0.01) and area of school - nurse's room to be used (P<0.05). ## Suggestion for further studies are as follows. 1. School-nurse should exert herself to advance a quality to take care of school population's health. 2. It is necessary that systematic support required to keep school population's health. 3. Home, school and community should make efforts cooperatively and the proper roles of students, teachers, health team members and parents must be achieved.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.229-242
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze the elementary teachers' conceptions on the inquiry activity about 'make a fossil model' focusing the 6th, 7th, 2007 revised, and 2009 revised elementary science textbook. This study is intended to find causes of teachers' conceptions and to derive educational implications. We have analyzed questionnaires which were collected from 77 elementary school teachers. It was carried out about comparisons actual fossil with fossil model in each step of the inquiry activity, the lesson goal, the thought for changes of the inquiry activity, the improvement of the inquiry and conception related fossil. Teachers have a general understanding about the contents of the inquiry activity but some of them have partially incorrect understanding. And they emphasize the understanding of the concept on lesson goal. It is necessary to improve inquiry activity reflecting teachers' thinking about the merit and weaknesses. There was not statistically difference in understanding of fossil related concepts according to teachers' career, teaching or training experience. Through this research, there is a need to improve a textbook, a guide book, a teachers' training. So, teachers who have professionalism about science textbook be able to teach students.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data on elementary school children's lifestyle and to contribute to developing on the health education program in elementary schools. The subjects were 1,412 children in 4 elementary schools in Gangwon-Do and Chonrabuk-Do area. Data collection was done from September to November 2001 by questionnaire and school health documents. The questionnaire corrected for the purpose of this study which had been developed by Bronson School of Nursing(1991), 'Lifestyle Questionnaire for School-age Children'. The questionnaire consists of 3 categories; 'Activities that promote health', 'Injury prevention', 'Feeling'. Cronbach coefficient alpha for the 29 items was .68. The data analyzed to obtain frequency, mean, percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient by SPSS Win program. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Females(50.2%) of gender, 6th grade(24.2%) of grade, nuclear family(82.0%) of family type, beyond college graduate(54.5%) of father's school career, under high school graduate(58.1%) of mother's school career, first of birth order(47.1%) were majority. Mean of father's age was 41.2 and mother's age was 38.1. 2. The mean of lifestyle was 66.4, feeling was 73.3, activities that promote health was 60.3 and injury prevention was 64.0. The highest degree of activities that promote health was 「I eat fruits」and injury prevention was 「I look both ways when crossing streets」and feeling was 「I enjoy my family」. The lowest degree of activities that promote health was 「I visit the dentist every tear」 and injury prevention was 「I wear a helmet when I go on bike trips」 and feeling was 「I think it is okay to cry」. 3. There were significant differences in lifestyle of gender(t=4.309, p=.000), grade(F=6.299, p=.000), father's age(t=2.534, p=.011), father's education(t=-4.933, p=.000), mother's education(t=-3.360, p=.001), birth order (t=5.363, p=.000). There were significant differences in activities that promote health of gender(t=-2.462, P=.014), grade(F=4.893, p=.000), father's education(t=-4.480, p=.000), birth order(t=4.343, p=.000), in injury prevention of gender(t=-4.452, p=.000), grade(F=8.636, p=.000), father's age(t=3.386, p=.001), mother's age(t=2.059, p=.040), father's education(t=-6.051, p=.000), mother's education(t=-5.173, p=.000), birth order(t=4.417, p=.000) and in feeling of gender (t=-3.285, p=.001), grade(F=7.526, p=.000), mother's age(t=-3.268, p=.001). 4. Activities that promote health was positively correlated with injury prevention(r=.432, p=.000), feeling(r=.210, p=.000), lifestyle (r=.785, p=.000). Injury prevention was positively correlated with feeling(r=.256, p=.000), lifestyle(r=.854, p=.000) also feeling was positively correlated with lifestyle(r=.504, p=.000). These findings suggest the need to develop nursing strategy to promote elementary school children's health. Because helmet use score in injury prevention marked the lowest score, it is necessary to encourage helmet use when planning injury prevention and health promotion.