• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.126-135
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was aimed to develop a simulation training program of an advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) based on the mastery learning model (Simulation-MLM), and evaluate the effects of the program on critical care nurses. Methods: As an experimental pre-post test with a non-equivalent control group, the study employed convenience sampling of 38 critical care nurses. The experimental group received the Simulation-MLM including a theoretical lecture, formative evaluation, and simulation training, whereas only a theoretical lecture for the control group. The knowledge, self-efficacy, and performance degrees of respondents were measured to verify the effects of the Simulation-MLM. The statistical processing of the collected data utilized the SPSS WIN 17.0 program. Results: After receiving Simulation-MLM, the participants in the experimental group reported higher marks in the knowledge, self-efficacy and performance of ACLS compared with those in the control group. However, both experimental and control groups demonstrated no significant differences in knowledge, self-efficacy and performance. Conclusion: Despite of the limitation of a small sample size, this study was considered meaningful in a sense that it showed a venue for improving ACLS training efficiency. Future research with more distinct treatment differentiation and better adequate outcome variables was warranted in order to prove the effects of a theory-based simulation education.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.281-292
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• 2023

Background and Objectives: Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocyte (CM) hold great promise as a cellular source of CM for cardiac function restoration in ischemic heart disease. However, the use of animal-derived xenogeneic substances during the biomanufacturing of hiPSC-CM can induce inadvertent immune responses or chronic inflammation, followed by tumorigenicity. In this study, we aimed to reveal the effects of xenogeneic substances on the functional properties and potential immunogenicity of hiPSC-CM during differentiation, demonstrating the quality and safety of hiPSC-based cell therapy. Methods and Results: We successfully generated hiPSC-CM in the presence and absence of xenogeneic substances (xeno-containing (XC) and xeno-free (XF) conditions, respectively), and compared their characteristics, including the contractile functions and glycan profiles. Compared to XC-hiPSC-CM, XF-hiPSC-CM showed early onset of myocyte contractile beating and maturation, with a high expression of cardiac lineage-specific genes (ACTC1, TNNT2, and RYR2) by using MEA and RT-qPCR. We quantified N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), a xenogeneic sialic acid, in hiPSC-CM using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry. Neu5Gc was incorporated into the glycans of hiPSC-CM during xeno-containing differentiation, whereas it was barely detected in XF-hiPSC-CM. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the electrophysiological function and glycan profiles of hiPSC-CM can be affected by the presence of xenogeneic substances during their differentiation and maturation. To ensure quality control and safety in hiPSC-based cell therapy, xenogeneic substances should be excluded from the biomanufacturing process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.221-230
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• 1999

Automobile horn's psychoacoustic characteristic and significance as a anturalistic signal of danger makes it a valuable auditory stimulus to study such psychophysiological responses as startle, orienting and defense reactions. However, comparison and differentiation of physiological responses to commercially available horns is a complicated task due to small contrast of technical features of horns and influence of such processes as habituation on physiological outcome with increased number of auditory stimulation trials. In the study on 10 college students we performed comparative analysis of tonic and phasic reactivity of physiological responses mediated by autonomic nervous system in order to identify role of habituation and decrement of autonomic responsivity, as well as possibility o differentiate subjectively most and least preferred and subjectively more appropriate horns according to physiological manifestations. It was showed that electrodermal and cardiovascular reactivity have concurrent patterns of adaptation to repeated stimulation, namely skin conductance variables habituated, cardiac reactivity failed to show signs of habituation, while vascular component of response were facilitated demonstrating marked sensitization. Differentiation of Physiological responses to horns with respect to their subjective rating scores was possible, however electrodermal reactivity was effective only at the first block of trials, while phasic and tonic cardiovascular reactivity differentiate responses during whole course of experiment. There are discussed possible autonomic mechanisms involved in mediation of observed results.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.284-293
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• 2023

Objective: To validate a simplified ordinal scoring method, referred to as modified length-based grading, for assessing coronary artery calcium (CAC) severity on non-electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated chest computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 120 patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 63.1 ± 14.5 years; male, 64) who underwent both non-ECG-gated chest CT and ECG-gated cardiac CT between January 2011 and December 2021. Six radiologists independently assessed CAC severity on chest CT using two scoring methods (visual assessment and modified length-based grading) and categorized the results as none, mild, moderate, or severe. The CAC category on cardiac CT assessed using the Agatston score was used as the reference standard. Agreement among the six observers for CAC category classification was assessed using Fleiss kappa statistics. Agreement between CAC categories on chest CT obtained using either method and the Agatston score categories on cardiac CT was assessed using Cohen's kappa. The time taken to evaluate CAC grading was compared between the observers and two grading methods. Results: For differentiation of the four CAC categories, interobserver agreement was moderate for visual assessment (Fleiss kappa, 0.553 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.496-0.610]) and good for modified length-based grading (Fleiss kappa, 0.695 [95% CI: 0.636-0.754]). The modified length-based grading demonstrated better agreement with the reference standard categorization with cardiac CT than visual assessment (Cohen's kappa, 0.565 [95% CI: 0.511-0.619 for visual assessment vs. 0.695 [95% CI: 0.638-0.752] for modified length-based grading). The overall time for evaluating CAC grading was slightly shorter in visual assessment (mean ± SD, 41.8 ± 38.9 s) than in modified length-based grading (43.5 ± 33.2 s) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The modified length-based grading worked well for evaluating CAC on non-ECG-gated chest CT with better interobserver agreement and agreement with cardiac CT than visual assessment.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2000

Psychoacoustic characteristics of automobile horns play significant role in resulting subjective evaluation and psychphysiological reactions. However, comparison and differentiation of physiological responses to commercially available horns is a complicated task due to the small contrast in technical features of horns and the influence of such processes as habituation on physiological outcome with the increased number of auditory stimulation trials. In a study on 10 college students, there was performed comparative analysis of reactivity of physiological responses mediated by central and autonomic nervous systems in order to identify the role of habituation on decrement of psychophysiological responsivity and assess the ability to differentiate subjectively most and least preferred, as well as most and least appropriate horns according to physiological manifestations. The EEG and autonomic responses to 7 automobile horns were analyzed during 3 blocks of trials, with varying order of stimuli and changed acoustic parameters of horns in each block. Thus, responses were analyzed for totally 21 trials of auditory stimulation. It was shown that electrodermal and cardiovascular responses have different reactivity patterns to repeated stimulation: skin conductance measures habituated, cardiac reactivity showed no signs of habituation, and the vascular response demonstrated sensitization. The temporal EEG exhibited marked habituation of fast beta band power, while alpha-blocking effect did not habituate during the course of experiment. Differentiation of physiological responses of most and least preferred and appropriate horns was possible in our study, however, some cardiovascular reactivity measures differentiated during the entire course of the experiment, while EEG and electrodermal parameters showed significant differences only during first block of trials, and were later affected by the habituation.

• 대한핵의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.346.2-346.2
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• 2005

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2017

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) plays an important role in the development of bone and cartilage. It is involved in the hedgehog pathway, TGF beta signaling pathway, and in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. It is involved also in cardiac cell differentiation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. In this study, We expressed human BMP2 (hBMP2) recombinant protein using Baculovirus Expression Vector System (BEVS) in Sf9 insect cells. The hBMP2 cDNA was cloned into baculovirus transfer vector, pBacgus-4x-1 and recombinant baculovirus was screened out through X-gal and GUS-fusions assay. Western blot analysis shown that molecular weight of hBMP2 recombinant protein was about 44.71 kDa.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.53-54
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• 2001

Expression of HAND genes in sympathetic adrenal lineage suggests that HAND genes may regulate Mash-I independent neuronal genes. HAND genes are also expressed in other cell types, e.g. Cardiac cells, trophoblasts, and decidua, suggesting that HAND genes are not cell fate determination factors. It is unclear how HAND genes function specifically in different types of cells. Combinational actions of HANDs with other cell-lineage specific transcription factor may determine each cell fate and differentiation processes. Identifying the transcription target genes of HANDs and Mash-I will be important to elucidate the function of these bHLH factors in SNS factors in SNS development. (omitted)

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2016

Aortic valve stenosis is a heart disease prevalent in the elderly characterized by valvular calcification, fibrosis, and inflammation, but its exact pathogenesis remains unclear. Previously, aortic valve stenosis was thought to be caused by chronic passive and degenerative changes associated with aging. However, recent studies have demonstrated that atherosclerotic processes and inflammation can induce valvular calcification and bone deposition, leading to valvular stenosis. In particular, the most abundant cell type in cardiac valves, valvular interstitial cells, can differentiate into myofibroblasts and osteoblast-like cells, leading to valvular calcification and stenosis. Differentiation of valvular interstitial cells can be trigged by inflammatory stimuli from several immune cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, and mast cells. This review indicates that crosstalk between immune cells and valvular interstitial cells plays an important role in the development of aortic valve stenosis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.418-426
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• 2019

Recently, many studies on vital sign detection using a radar sensor related to Internet of Things(IoT) smart home systems have been conducted. Because vital signs such as respiration and cardiac rates generally cause micro-motions in the chest or back, the phase of the received echo signal from a target fluctuates according to the micro-motion. Therefore, vital signs are usually detected via spectral analysis of the phase. However, the probability of false alarms in cardiac rate detection increases as a result of various problems in the measurement environment, such as very weak phase fluctuations caused by the cardiac rate. Therefore, this study analyzes the difficulties of vital sign detection and proposes an efficient vital sign detection algorithm consisting of four main stages: 1) phase decomposition, 2) phase differentiation and filtering, 3) vital sign detection, and 4) reduction of the probability of false alarm. Experimental results using impulse-radio ultra-wideband radar show that the proposed algorithm is very efficient in terms of computation and accuracy.