• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.637-647
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• 2016

Purpose: This research was to understand the consumer awareness and consumption of natural carbonated drinks in Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted enrolling adults over the age of 20, residing in Seoul and its metropolitan area, and who consumed natural carbonated drinks. Data analysis of 544 valid samples was performed using SPSS 17.0. Results: The study showed that consumers mostly purchased natural carbonated water the most, primarily as a water substitute. However, many other usages that the consumer selected showed a possibility for a more versatile usages of natural carbonated drinks. As for the reason of purchase, 'interest in a new product' showed the highest mean value. The factor 'interest in a new product', 'interest in its effectiveness on skin care and diet', 'lower-calorie products', 'health benefits from the usage of natural flavoring and coloring' and 'recommendation from acquaintances' showed statistically significant higher values for women than men. The most frequent and preferred location for purchase were large discount stores, and the most preferred, major informants were in the order 'tasting events at marts and department stores', 'TV/radio advertisement' and 'recommendations from family/friends'. Analysis of the purchase intent showed high interest for non-alcoholic natural carbonated drinks. Conclusion: The study results can be used as baseline data to establish marketing strategies in the emerging natural carbonated beverage market.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.34-49
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate nutrition intake and diet quality according to beverage consumption status in elementary school students (ESS = 317), middle-school students (MSS = 431), and high-school students (HSS = 373). We analyzed data from the combined 2007-2008 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Subjects were divided into two groups, the non-beverage group and the beverage intake group according to beverage intake from drink types (fruit-vegetable drinks, carbonated drinks, and dairy drinks). Intake of dairy drinks was significantly lower in the carbonated drinks intake (CDI) group, compared with the non-CDI group in the MSS group. Intake of vitamin C was significantly higher in the fruit-vegetable drinks intake (FVDI) group, compared with the non-FVDI group. Intake of Ca and P was significantly lower in the CDI group, compared with the non-CDI group. Intake of vitamin B2, Ca, and P was significantly higher in the dairy drinks intake (DDI) group, compared with the non-DDI group. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of the FVDI group and the DDI group was significantly higher than those of the non-FVDI and non-DDI group. In diet quality, nutrients less than 1 on the index of nutritional quality (INQ) were significantly higher in the CDI group, compared with the non-CDI group. In conclusion, consumption of carbonated drinks dropped the diet quality however, consumption of fruit-vegetable drinks and dairy drinks improved the diet quality of micronutrients. Therefore, a well-planned diet must be used for replacement of nutrients lost from excessive intake of carbonated beverages during a time in life when growth is especially prominent.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.381-394
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate carbonated drinks induced dental caries with qualitative analysis and to compare with oral organic acids including lactate, acetate, propionate, formate, butyrate, pyruvate and valerate which cause caries when taking either 10% sucrose drinks or carbonated drinks. Methods: Saliva was collected from six study subjects before and after (start, 5, 10, 30 minutes) taking water intake upon (A) 10% sucrose intake, (B) 10% sucrose intake, and (C) carbonated drink intake, then they were centrifuged at 1,200 rpm followed by removing bacteria and enzymes with syringe filtering, performing a qualitative analysis with HPLC conductivity detection (GP50 gradient pump, ED 50 detector) after saliva pre-treatment under isocratic 100 mM NaOH mobile phase. Results: Higher risk of dental caries was evaluated in order of C>B>A, with the results of total oral organic acids' concentration, lactates of organic acids and organic acids produced after 5 minutes from the 3 types of drinks intake. Conclusions: Carbonated beverages were estimated to develop higher dental caries induction than beverages containing 10% sucrose because of the high organic acid concentration in the mouth after its intake.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.469-478
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• 2006

In order to investigate the adolescent's beverage drinking pattern and its related ecological factors, a questionnaire survey was conducted with the subjects of 920 middle and high-school students,450 boys and 470 girls, residing in 4 cities of the Chungnam area. Of the subjects 65% liked, or liked very much, beverages and only 3.7% did not like beverages. They drank beverages 4.3 $\pm$ 4.0 times a week on average, but 10.4% of them drank beverages more than twice a day. Male students drank more frequently than the females. The intake frequency of carbonated drinks was 1.7 $\pm$ 2.3 a week which was about 40% of the total beverages. However, more students drank mainly ion beverages (33.6%) than carbonated drinks (28.7%). As the students took more balanced food and ate more regularly, their beverage drinking frequency decreased and those taking carbonated drinks also tended to decrease. The more frequent the students took fast food, the more frequent they drank carbonated beverages. The drinking frequencies for beverages or carbonated beverages were also less in students eating cooked rice with sidedishes as breakfast than in students eating others. The drinking frequency for carbonated drinks showed significant correlations with the students' activities such as the time spent using computers and watching TV got longer, the drinking frequency for soft drinks was also higher. When nutritional knowledge was higher, drinking frequency for carbonated drinks got lower. In conclusion, to make the adolescents improve their attitudes toward drinking beverages and to prevent excessive drinking of carbonated drinks, they should be educated not only on the nutritional knowledge and the proper intake of beverages, but also on good dietary habits including balance, regularity, and types of meals. Proper snacking and fast food consumption also should be taught. Since ion beverages were taken more frequently than carbonated drinks among adolescents, further study is recommended on the impact of excessive intake of ion beverages.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.300-308
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• 2019

Objectives: This research was conducted to identify the consumers' food choice factors that affect the consumers' replacement of soft drinks with carbonated water. Methods: The present study used secondary data from a consumer panel survey conducted by the Rural Development Administration of Korea, and the data included the panel members' purchase records based on their monthly spending receipts. The survey asked the participants about their food choice factors and their personal responsibility for their health. This survey included independent variables for the consumers' food purchase factors. As a dependent variable, two types of groups were defined. The replacement group included those people who increased their purchase of carbonated water and decreased their purchase of soft drinks. The non-replacement group included those people who did not change their purchase patterns or they increased their purchase of soft drinks and they decreased their purchase of carbonated water. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the consumers' food choice factors that were associated with replacing soft drinks with carbonated water. Results: The replacement group was significantly associated with (1) a younger age (OR=0.953), (2) being a housewife (OR=2.03), (3) higher income (OR=1.001) and (4) less concern about price (OR=0.819) when purchasing food. This group also showed (5) higher enjoyment (OR=1.328) when choosing food and (6) they took greater responsibly for their personal health (OR=1.233). Conclusions: This research is the first study to mainly focus on soft drinks and carbonated water. The result of this research showed that young, health-conscious consumers with a higher income and who are more interested in food have more possibilities to replace soft drinks with carbonated water. These research findings may be applied to consumers who have characteristics that are similar to the young health-conscious consumers and the results can help to suggest ways to reduce sugar intake and improve public health. However, this research has a limitation due to the application of secondary data. Therefore, a future study is needed to develop detailed survey questions about food choice factors and to extend these factors to all beverages, including soft drinks made with sugar substitutes, so as to reflect the growth of alternative industries that use artificial sweeteners or different types of sugar to make commercially available drinks.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.394-405
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to develop a nutrition policy on food and nutrition labeling and education systems for fast food and carbonated soft drinks in Korea by identifying the fast food and soft drink use and by examining nutrition policies and labeling in Korea and other countries. Fast food is defined as food dispensed quickly at a restaurant generally offering a limited menu of inexpensive items, which may be mostly not nutritious. It is a growing component of the Korean diet, especially on children and adolescent population. Low nutrient dense beverages such as carbonated drinks are also increasing in the children and adolescent's diet in Korea and concern has been raised that these beverages may replace more nutritious beverage and provide empty calories. According to 2001 Korean national health and nutrition survey, fast food and carbonated soft drinks were most popular among 13 - 19 years old adolescents. Thirty six and 72 percent of adolescents consumed hamburger and carbonated beverage equal to or more than once a week, respectively. In United States, all processed food including soft drinks should disclose full nutrition information by nutrition labeling requirement.. Restaurant foods are not required to provide nutrition information currently, but legislation on mandatory nutrition labeling of fast foods with other restaurant foods has been proposed currently in US. The sales of foods of minimal nutritional value, such as soft drinks, in the nation's schools is regulated by the United States Department of Agriculture. Nutrition information about fast food in US has been provided by fast food companies, non-profit organizations, hospitals and government through internet, booklet and brochure, etc, but the information is available from only a few resources in Korea. This study suggests a nutrition policy on fast food and soft drink use which includes establishing mandatory nutrition labeling and developing nutrition education materials and programs by web-site, booklet and government and school programs in Korea.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2022

탄산음료는 우리 생활 속에서 인기가 높은 음료의 일종으로 젊은 층을 중심으로 판매되고 있다. 현재 판매되고 있는 탄산음료는 브랜드가 많고, 대부분 식감의 구분이 강조되고 있으며, 브랜드 이미지와 패키지에 있어 전체적으로 패키지 디자인을 더욱 상업화하였다. 탄산음료 패키지 디자인의 감성경험을 증가시키는 것이 필요하며, 이는 브랜드의 부가가치를 높일 수 있다. 감성은 인간의 가장 보편적인 심리 경험으로써 사물에 대한 주관적인 경험과 느낌이다. 탄산음료의 패키지 디자인에 감성경험의 접목하기를 통해, 탄산음료를 구매하면서 보다 많은 감성적 사용자 경험을 선사해 제품 패키지 디자인의 다양화를 실현하고, 소비자의 감성적 욕구를 충족스키는 것이다. 본 논문은 우선, 탄산음료의 패키지 디자인에 대한 논문을 고찰하고, 시판 중인 탄산음료의 판매 현황에 대한 조사와 패키지 디자인 분석하고, 설문조사를 실시한다. 연구결과, 패키지 디자인을 통해 감성을 경감할 수 있다는 점을 알아냈다. 본 연구가 앞으로 패키지 디자인의 감성경험 향상에 있어 시사점이 되기를 바란다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.70-75
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Association between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and obesity is universally a controversial issue. This study was undertaken to examine the beverage consumption pattern of Korean adolescents. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data was collected from the 2016 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey involving 65,528 adolescent respondents. A list of the most frequently consumed beverages was analyzed, and the consumption frequency of carbonated beverages, SSBs, and energy drinks during the past seven-days was assessed. The main reasons for the adolescents to consume the beverages were also determined. RESULTS: The beverage preference of adolescents were carbonated beverages (31.0%), 'fruit and vegetable beverages (17.7%)', 'milk (13.6%)', and 'coffee (12.7%)'. Carbonated beverages and SSBs were consumed more than three times a week by 27.1% and 41.1% of the respondents, respectively. About 86.2% of adolescents did not take of any energy drinks during the last seven-days. Taste was the most common reason that adolescents considered when choosing a drink. Carbonated beverages consumed more frequently by boys than girls, and high school students drank coffee more frequently than middle school students. CONCLUSIONS: Boys had a higher preference for unhealthy beverages than girls, whereas consumption of high-caffeine drinks was greater amongst high-school students than middle school students.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary habits, health lifestyle, preference and intake of beverages of Chinese students in Gyeonggi area. Therefore, we try to identify the factors that affect beverage consumption. According to the analysis of the demographic characteristics of male and female Chinese students, there were 155 male students (49.7%) and 157 female students (50.3%). There were statistically significant differences between the residence period and the time of coming to Korea according to sex (p<0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the education level, residence type and Korean ability (p>0.05). Analysis of the differences in health-related lifestyle among Chinese students of both sexes showed statistically significant difference in alcohol drinking, smoking, and exercise according to sex (p<0.05), but no statistically significant difference in computer use time (p>0.05). According to the analysis of the dietary habits of the Chinese students, there was a statistically significant difference in the number of meals per day, breakfast, lunch, dinner, snack frequency and number of midnight snacks, but no statistically significant difference in eating out frequency. As a result of the preference test for general beverages, 4.11 points of water, 3.81 points of milk, 3.64 points of fruit and vegetable juice, 3.58 points of tea, 3.25 points of coffee, 3.22 points of carbonated drinks, 2.92 points of functional drinks, respectively. Male students were more likely to prefer water, tea, and health functional drinks while female students had higher preference for fruit, vegetable juice and vinegar drinks (p<0.05). In general, consumption of regular drinks was 4.95 in water, 3.58 in milk, 3.03 in coffee, 2.92 in carbonated drink, 2.91 in fruit and vegetable juice, 2.63 in tea, 2.07 in functional drink, and 1.44 in vinegar appear. Male students had higher intake of water, tea, carbonated drinks, and health functional drinks while female students had higher intake of fruit and vegetable juice (p<0.05). The results of correlation analysis of factors affecting the general drinking of Chinese students are as follows. The intake of tea was related to the period of residence and dietary habits, the intake of milk for breakfast, the number of snacks and midnight snacks for carbonated drinks, and the fruit vegetable juice were related to dietary habits (p<0.01, p<0.05).

• 산업융합연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2024

본 연구의 목적은 한국인에서 고강도 신체활동(일)과 음료수 섭취 빈도와의 관계성를 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구 대상자는 2021년 제8차 국민건강영양조사(KNHANES)의 데이터를 활용하였다. 데이터 자료 분석은 집단 간 평균 차이, χ²-test, 이분형 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하여 분석하였다(p<0.05). 탄산음료는 그룹 중 63.6%가 일주일에 한 번 이하로 섭취하였고, 에너지 드링크는 68.6%가 일주일에 한 번 이하로 섭취하였다. 이러한 결과는 고강도 신체활동(일)을 하는 그룹에서 탄산음료와 에너지 드링크가 더 자주 소비되었으며, 대부분의 음료수가 일주일에 한 번 이하로 섭취되었다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 토대로, 고강도 신체활동(일)을 할 때 탄산음료와 에너지 드링크를 대체할 만큼 건강에 이로운 음료의 개발을 위한 기초 자료로 활용되기를 바라며, 음료수 섭취보다는 건강에 이로운 새로운 접근 방식을 탐구하고 건강증진을 위한 중재 프로그램을 개발의 필요성을 제안하고자 한다.