• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.57
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• pp.305-331
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• 2013

The purpose of this study aims to the improvement prospect of green insurance industry in Korea. Green insurance includes all classes of general insurance business including unoccupied property insurance and empty building insurance, business insurance, personal insurance, etc. Green policies often cover expensive systems that are not covered under most property policies. The same is true for some underground property, which is also exempted from many property policies. At least insurers already offer products designed to fund rebuilding damaged properties to meet certain environmental and building standards. While the products are in their infancy, insurers and brokers say the huge interest in environmental issues will increase demand. Green buildings that improve energy efficiency and air quality and reduce waste are designed to reduce their effects on the environment and the health of building occupants. Buildings account for 39% of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions, according to the Department of Energy. Insurers say that, as sustainable buildings become more common, green insurance will become more popular and some of its features might become a standard part of property policies.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.6-15
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• 1985

A new process disregraded the H$_2$SO$_4$ treatment process heretofore in use, was developed and substituted for mineral base engine used oil of homemade SAE-30 grade H.V.I., which was used covering 4,500km, as samples, and the following results in research, was obtained. (1) A good quality of rerefinded base oil was obtained through roughly a course of developed processes of vacuum distillation process, solvent extraction process, neutralization treatment process and clay treatment process. (2) Through vacuum distillation process, the size of fine grains of insoluble colloid carbon that is, colloid carbon which was produced by burning of internal combustion engine oil and fuel, could be brought up and precipitated (3) The insoluble matters and admixtures could be easily dispersed and dissolved by mixing and extracting solvent disregarded the H$_2$SO$_4$ treatment process heretofore in use (4) waste matter heretofore called acid sludge in consequence of the process, did not appear at all. accordingly, the environmental pollution could be removed. (5) The troubles of corrosion to copper strip which was faults of the usual used oil refined products and peculiar offensive odor of the rerefined oil, could be solved through the neutralization process. (6) The yield of rerefined oil obtained through a course of processes was over 86 percent, and it is of practical use, not to speak of commercial value.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 2000

Four bacteria capable of using aniline as a sole source of carbon and energy we4e isolated from river waters. Among them, two strains were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia based on their physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16SrRNA gene sequence and the others as delftia acidovorans. The four strains were able to grow on the mineral salt media containing aniline at concentrations up to 6,000 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Since aniline degradation by S. maltophilia has not been reported so far, the two strains A-s and 51-4 were selected for further studies. They completely utilized aniline in a mineral salt medium containing 300 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of aniline as a sole carbon and energy source within 24 hours. Optimum pH and temperature for aniline degradation and cell growth of both strains were 7.0 and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. In addition, they effectively degraded aniline is waste, underground and river waters containing 300 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of aniline. This is the first report of aniline degradation by S. maltophilia strains.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.473-479
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• 2017

This study was designed to understand characteristics of oxy-combustion of coal, dried sewage sludge and solid refuse fuel (SRF). Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted by burning the fuels with air, 21% oxygen ($O_2$)/79% carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and 30% $O_2/70%$ $CO_2$. Heating rates were varied as 5, 10, 25, 40 and $100^{\circ}C/min$. Complete coal combustion was found at the heating rates of 5, 10, 25 and $40^{\circ}C/min$, and different combustion behavior was found with the gas composition at the heating rates of 10, 25, 40 and $100^{\circ}C/min$. Coal combustion with 30% $O_2/70%$ $CO_2$ showed the highest while coal combustion with 21% $O_2/79%$ $CO_2$ showed the lowest combustion rate. On the other hand, the combustion of dried sewage sludge and SRF showed similar combustion behavior with respect to the combustion gas composition. This suggests that oxy-combustion of dried sewage sludge and SRF which contain a large amount of volatile matter may show similar combustion behavior to their air combustion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.356-363
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to utilize rice bran, the main waste product of paddy processing, in xanthan gum production by Xanthomonas campestris fermentation. Deffated rice bran was enzymatically hydrolyzed using cellulase, gluco-amylase, alpha-amylase and xylanase at various pHs and temperatures within 0-12 h. The highest sugar content reached at $35^{\circ}C$, pH 5.5 in 6 h with 41.66%. The enzymatic hydrolysate was used as the carbon source for xanthan gum production by X. campestris NRRL B-1459 and X. campestris pv. campestris. The highest productivities obtained were 21.87 and 17.10 g/L, respectively. Viscosity measurement for the obtained xanthan gums and commercial gum was carried out in gum solutions at various pHs and temperatures. The highest viscosity was reached with 1% gum solutions at $20^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.5 for all gums with viscosity values of 470, 131 and 138 mPa sec, respectively. This work has provided relevant scientific information about the use of rice bran, an abundant agroindustrial residue, to produce xanthan gum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.48-56
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• 2010

Performances of power generation engine were investigated with syngas from RPF. A stoker type, multi-staged pyrolysis-gasification system, was employed for syngas generation and the syngas was refined with the sequential cleaning processes composed of a gas cooler, a bag filter and a wet scrubber. 20 kWe commercial syngas power generation engine was adopted to burn the cleaned syngas which is mainly composed of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. The performance of the engine was tested with various syngas compositions and the results were compared to LNG case. Electric power output, exhaust gas temperature, and emission characteristics were measured, and the efficiency of engine generation was investigated as a function of load of power generation.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.6-13
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• 2011

In this study, we used activated carbon (AC) and charcoal (CH) as carbon sources with $TiO_2$ powder to prepare spherical carbons containing titania (SCCT) by using phenolic resin (PR) as a bonding agent. The physicochemical characteristics of the SCCT samples were examined by BET, XRD, SEM, EDX, iodine adsorption and compressive strength. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by measuring the removal efficiency of three kinds of organic dyes: methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (Rh.B) under a UV/SCCT system. In addition, evaluation of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of piggery waste was done at regular intervals and gave a good idea about the mineralization of wastewater.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.404-408
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• 2001

This paper focuses on the pilot-scale investigation of direct recycling of electric arc furnace (EAF) stainless steelmaking dust. The direct recycling of EAF dust is to make pellets with the mixture of the dust and the reducing agent carbon, then introduce the pellets to the EAF. The valuable metals in the dust are reduced and get into the steel as the alloying elements. Experiments simulating direct recycling in an EAF were performed using an induction furnace. But it seems difficult to reduce all metal oxides in the dust so that some metal reducing agents added in the late stage of reduction process. The valuable metals in the dust were reduced partly by carbon and partly by metal reducing agent for the economical concern. The recovery of iron, chromium and nickel from the flue dust and the amount of metal oxides in the slag were measured. The results showed that the direct recycling of EAF stainless steelmaking dust is practicable. It wes also found that direct recycling of flue EAF stainless steelmaking dusts does not affect the chemistry and quality of stainless steel produced in the EAF. It is benefit not only for the environmental protection but also for the recovery of valuable metal resources in this way.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.443-448
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• 2011

The propellant has a short shelf-life because of nitrogen oxides that were released from nitrocellulose decomposition. As-received and surface-modified ACFs were applied to remove the nitrogen oxides with intend to extend the shelf-life of propellant. The specific surface area of modified ACFs was slightly decreased but nitrogen function groups such as pyridine, pyridone and pyrrol were created on the surface of ACFs. As a result, the NO removal capacity of the surface-modified ACF by propellant waste increased about twice than that of the as-received ACF. The shelf-life of propellant was extended about 1.25 times by accompanying surface-modified ACF.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.330-334
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• 2019

Cryogenic crushing techniques have been employed for recycling waste rubber articles and for extracting residual organic additives present in rubber samples. Rubber particulate derived from tire tread abrasion is one of the key components of road dust. Therefore, in this work, we prepared rubber particulates using a cryogenic crusher and characterized their shapes as well as size distributions according to the type of rubber. The rubber particulates exhibited uneven surfaces with the presence of some small pieces. The order of the particle size distribution was observed to be: NR > BR > SBR. Subsequently, carbon black was added; this led to a decrease in the particle size and the shape becoming rougher. The crushed particulates of the carbon black-filled samples comprised agglomerated shapes of small pieces, which were similar in shape to that of wear debris in tire tread. It was discovered that crosslink density was one of the principal factors that led to the formation of small crushed particulates. The small particulates obtained by cryogenic crushing can be utilized as model rubber particulates for researching micro dust.