• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.195-210
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• 2016

캄보디아는 동남아시아에 위치한 농업중심 국가로 농업부문의 개발과 성장을 통한 빈곤감소와 경제성장에 크게 관심을 두고 있다. 특히 쌀 수출 목표(백만톤/2015)를 달성하기 위해 정부의 강력한 홍보 및 새로운 농업협동조합을 창설하였다. 그러나 현재 정부, 비정부기구 및 민간 부문에서 강력한 지지가 있으나 농업분야 성장이 느리게 진행되고 있고 농협의 운영상의 문제점도 제기되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 한국 농협의 발전을 교훈 삼아 캄보디아 농협운영에 대한 개선책을 찾고자 한다. 이를 위해 먼저 캄보디아의 농업개발정책을 살펴보고, 양국의 농협발전 과정과 비교를 통해 캄보디아 농협 운영시스템을 개선하기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제시한다. 분석의 기준은 양국의 농협설립과 운영시스템, 정부와 민간의 개입 정도, 농협의 발전과정과 지역사회개발에 있어 농협의 기여 정도에 관하여 비교하였다. 연구결과 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시한다. 첫째, 캄보디아 정부가 협력 사업의 운영 및 관리 체계를 강화해야 하며, 캄보디아 농협과 농협연맹(ACF) 의 통합을 제안한다. 둘째 공동 관리 및 운영은 정부가 권한을 가지며, 농업관련 부서는 지역사회수준에서 농협의 지원 및 관리 모니터링 시스템을 강화하여야 할 것이다. 마지막으로 정부관점에서 협력위원회의 역량을 강화하기 위해 매년 전략 계획을 수립하고 정부가 표준 농산물 시장 가격을 보장하고 농협에 대한 농업협력사업 진행을 위한 예산 지원 및 생산자와 구매자 사이의 정기적인 회의 등 합리적인 의사전달체계를 마련하여야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.68.1-68.15
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• 2021

Background: Colistin and carbapenem-resistant bacteria have emerged and become a serious public health concern, but their epidemiological data is still limited. Objectives: This study examined colistin and carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from pigs, pig carcasses, and pork in Thailand, Lao PDR, and Cambodia border provinces. Methods: The phenotypic and genotypic resistance to colistin and meropenem was determined in E. coli and Salmonella obtained from pigs, pig carcasses, and pork (n = 1,619). A conjugative experiment was performed in all isolates carrying the mcr gene (s) (n = 68). The plasmid replicon type was determined in the isolates carrying a conjugative plasmid with mcr by PCR-based replicon typing (n = 7). The genetic relatedness of mcr-positive Salmonella (n = 11) was investigated by multi-locus sequence typing. Results: Colistin resistance was more common in E. coli (8%) than Salmonella (1%). The highest resistance rate was found in E. coli (17.8%) and Salmonella (1.7%) from Cambodia. Colistin-resistance genes, mcr-1, mcr-3, and mcr-5, were identified, of which mcr-1 and mcr-3 were predominant in E. coli (5.8%) and Salmonella (1.7%), respectively. The mcr-5 gene was observed in E. coli from pork in Cambodia. Two colistin-susceptible pig isolates from Thailand carried both mcr-1 and mcr-3. Seven E. coli and Salmonella isolates contained mcr-1 or mcr-3 associated with the IncF and IncI plasmids. The mcr-positive Salmonella from Thailand and Cambodia were categorized into two clusters with 94%-97% similarity. None of these clusters was meropenem resistant. Conclusions: Colistin-resistant E. coli and Salmonella were distributed in pigs, pig carcasses, and pork in the border areas. Undivided-One Health collaboration is needed to address the issue.

• 천문학논총
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.17-28
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• 2019

The Korean Astronomical Society (KAS) Education & Public Outreach Committee has provided education services for children and school teachers in Cambodia over the past three years from 2016 to 2018. In the first year, 2016, one KAS member visited Pusat to teach astronomy to about 50 children, and in the following two years of 2017 and 2018, three and six KAS members, respectively, executed education workshops for ~ 20 (per each year) local school teachers in Sisophon. It turned out that it is desirable to include both teaching of astronomical knowledge and making experiments and observations in the education in order for the program to be more effective. Language barrier was the main obstacle in conveying concepts and knowledge, and having a good interpreter was very important. It happens that some languages, such as the Khmer of Cambodia, do not have astronomical terminologies, so that lecturers and even the education participants together are needed to communicate and create appropriate words. Handout hard-copies of the education materials (presentation files, lecture/experiment summaries, terminologies, etc.) are extremely helpful for the participants. Actual performing of assembling and using astronomical telescopes for night sky observations has been lifetime experience for some of the participants, which might promote zeal for knowledge and education. It is hoped that these education services for developing countries like Cambodia can be regularly continued in the future, and further extended to other countries such as Laos and Myanmar.

• 월간산업보건
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• 통권106호
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• pp.40-48
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• 1997

• 대한수의사회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.376-383
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• 2007

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.201-203
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• 2004

A survey was conducted to determine the extent of intestinal parasite infection in Bat Dambang, Cambodia in March 2004. A total of 623 fecal specimens was collected from kindergarten and schoolchildren and examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. The overall infection rate of intestinal parasites was 25.7% (boys, 26.2%; girls, 25.1%), and the infection rates of intestinal helminthes by species were as follows: Echinostoma sp. 4.8%, hookworm 3.4%, Hymenolepis nana 1.3%, and Rhabditis sp. 1.3%. The infection rates of intestinal protozoa were; Entamoeba coli 4.8%, Giardia lamblia 2.9%, Iodamoeba butschlii 1.4%, Entamoeba polecki 1.1 %, and Entamoeba histolytica 0.8%. There were no egg positive cases of Ascaris lumbricoides or Trichuris trichiura. All children infected were treated with albendazole, praziquantel, or metronidazole according to parasite species. The results showed that intestinal parasites are highly endemic in Bat Dambang, Cambodia.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.344-353
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• 2017

캄보디아는 동남아 지역에서 매우 유명한 관광국가임과 동시에 심각한 물 문제를 가지고 있는 대표적 국가로 인식되고 있다. 공공위생의 관점에서 캄보디아의 물 문제는 대략 두가지 카테고리로 구분된다. 상당히 많은 수의 보고서들이 지표수와 지하수 문제에 대해 분원성 미생물과 비소 오염이 각각 가장 대표적인 문제인 것으로 보고하고 있다. 최근에 가정용 정수기 시스템으로서 생물-모래여과기, MF, RO 등 다양한 소재를 이용한 시스템들이 농촌지역에 보급/채택되었다. 그러나 BSF와 조합형 막여과 공정들은 신뢰하기 어려운 효율, 높은 멤브레인 교체비용과 유지관리의 문제점들로 인해 당초 기대에 미치지 못하는 기술로 인식되기 시작하였다. 금번 연구는 가정용 정수기로서 활용이 가능한 소형 세라믹 필터를 개발하기 위해 캄보디아 북서부의 점토와 황토를 이용하여 두 종류의 중력식 세라믹 필터를 만들었고, 이들에 대한 현지 적용성 여부를 평가하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.341-345
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• 2017

The metacercariae of Artyfechinostomum malayanum (Leiper, 1911) Mendheim, 1943 were discovered in Pila sp. snails purchased from a market in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. They were isolated from the snails using the artificial digestion technique and were orally fed to 2 hamsters, 1 rat, and 2 mice to obtain the adult flukes. The metacercariae were round, $145-165{\mu}m$ in diameter, having a cyst wall of $6-10{\mu}m$ in thickness, a head collar and collar spines, and characteristic features of excretory granules. Adult flukes were recovered in the small intestines of the animals at days 14 and 32 post infection and were morphologically observed using a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. They were plump or elongated, ventrally curved, $6.0-8.1{\times}1.6-2.0mm$ in size, and characterized by the head collar bearing 43 collar spines, including 5 end group ones on each side, a long cirrus sac extending beyond the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, a submedian ovary, and 2 deeply lobed testes. Eggs in uteri were operculate, ovoid to ellipsoid, and $120-135{\times}68-75{\mu}m$ in size. In scanning electron microscopy, the head collar was prominent with collar spines looking like horns. Scale-like tegumental spines were densely distributed on the ventral surface between the head collar and ventral sucker. Sensory papillae were distributed mainly on the tegument around suckers. By this study, it has been first confirmed that the life cycle of A. malayanum exists in Cambodia.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.266-266
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• 2017

In recent years, adoption of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is spreading in most Asian countries, and more recently in Cambodia is one of the Asian countries with high adoptions of SRI. We conducted on-farm experiment to investigate the effects of SRI on rice growth and yield in the farmers' fields in rainfed region of southern Cambodia. The study was undertaken in rainfed lowland fields of Popel commune ($11^{\circ}$ 04' 67" N, $104^{\circ}$ 40' 79" E) of Tram Kak District in Takeo Province during the wet seasons in 2012, 2013, and 2015. A total of 32 on-farm experiments were conducted during the wet seasons for three years of 2012 (11 fields), 2013 (8 fields), and 2015 (13 fields). Across the three years of study, SRI produced significantly greater plant biomass and grain yield than Non-SRI. The yield increase was mostly ascribed for the increased number of grains per land area, which was due to the increased number of spikelets per panicle rather than the number of panicles per land area. With no significant difference between SRI and Non-SRI with respect to seedling age, the greater number of grains per panicle was accounted for by the reduced planting density and increased amount of manure application in SRI than Non-SRI fields. It was found that the greater manure application has increased soil nitrogen content in SRI and Non-SRI fields. While SRI did not increase the number of panicles per land area, it did increase the number of panicles per hill.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.187-190
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• 2011

Fecal examinations using the Kato Katz technique were performed on a total of 1,287 villagers (945 students and 342 general inhabitants) of Oddar Meanchey Province, Cambodia in May 2007 and November 2009. The overall intestinal helminth egg positive rate was 23.9%, and the most prevalent helminth species was hookworms (21.6%). Other helminth eggs detected included echinostomes (1.0%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.8%), small trematode eggs (0.7%), which may include Opisthorchis viverrini and Haplorchis spp., and Hymenolepis nana (0.4%). In order to recover adult echinostomes, we treated 2 patients with 10-15 mg/kg praziquantel and purged. Total 14 adult echinostomes, 1 and 13 worms from each patient, were collected. The echinostomes characteristically had 49-51 collar spines and 2 round or slightly lobated testes. They were identified as Echinostoma ilocanum (Garrison, 1908) Odhner, 1911. So far as literature are concerned, this is the first record on the discovery of human E. ilocanum infection in Cambodia.