• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.183-190
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• 1979

아연 광산 지역의 오이와 토양으로 부터 cadmium 내성균의 분리를 시도하여 강도 cadmium 내성균인 17 균주를 순수 분리했다. 강도 cadmium 내성균인 C-7 균주에 대하여 미생물학적 성질과 세포내의 cadmium 축적에 대하여 검토했다. 본 내성균, C-7은 Erwinia sp. 고정되었으며 2,800ppm의 cadmium에 내성을 나타내는 고도 cadmium 내성균이었다. 본내성균은 cadmium 100 ppm의 농도에 무첨가시의 생육과 거의 같은 증식을 나타냈으나500ppm 이상의 농도에서는 유도기가 연장되며 1,000 ppm 이상의 농도에서는 증식이 조지되었다. 본 내성균은 cadmium 이외의 중금속에 대해서도 내성을 나타냈다. 고도 cadmium 내성균인 Erwinia sp. C-7 균은 50ppm의 C$d^{2+}$ 함유 배지에 28$^{\circ}C$, 24시간 진탕배양하므로 배지중의 cadmium을 57.2%, 28.60 mg /g dry cell의 cadmium을 군체내에 축적하였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 1986

폐수중에 함유된 카드뮴을 미생물학적인 방법으로 정화하기 위한 기초 연구로서 아연 광산에서 고도 카드뮴 내성 효모 B-7을 분리하여 동정한 바 Hansenula anomala B-7 또는 그 유연끌으로 밝혀졌다. 이 효모는 농도 구배 한천 명판법에 의하여 $2,700{\mu}g/ml$의 카드뮴 농도에서도 내성을 나타내므로 고도 내성균으로 분류되었고 $1,000{\mu}g/ml$의 고농도 카드뮴 함유 액체 배지에서도 생육이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2017

This experiment was carried out with the purpose of testing cadmium adsorption abilities of multi wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), activated carbon, and synthesized layered double hydroxide (LDH). In the acidic condition, only MWCNT was effective for removing cadmium ion in the aqueous phase while other adsorbents rarely removed it. The MWCNT and cadmium ion adsorption reactions followed pseudo-first order kinetic. When the initial pH value was neutral (pH = 7), cadmium ion was rapidly removed by MWCNT and activated carbon in 4 hr (100% and 99.2%, respectively). Increasing adsorbent dosages affects the pH evolution and cadmium ion removal (0 to 99%). Cytotoxicity test showed that both MWCNT and LDH has low cytotoxic effects on three kind of human cells (A549, HS-294t, and HT-29).

• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 1995

The effects of metallothionein and cadmium ion on the hepatic aldehyde oxidase activity and brain lipid peroxidation were tested in vitro. The content of brain lipid peroxide at the condition of normal or $300{\mu}M$ Fe(II)-induced was remarkably reduced by the addition of metallothionein in the incubation mixture. The induced content of lipid peroxide by cadmium $(30{\mu}g/ml)$ ion was reduced by metallothionein $(100{\mu}g/ml)$. The activity of aldehyde oxidase was not affected by metallothionein, but cadmium ion $(8.38{\mu}g/ml)$ increased the activity of aldehyde oxidase about 80% compared to the control. The cadmium-induced activity of aldehyde oxidase was restored to the control level by metallothionein or penicillamine.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1979

Cadimium ion-resistant microorganism was isolated from the sludge of wastewater. The physiological, morphological and other cultural data showed that this strain belonged to Citrobacter freudii. A clearcut distinction of growth among nutrient broth, typtic soy broth and synthetic medium was demonstrated. The resistant cells showed only slight mutagenic action. During the growth of bacterial population in resting state, the organisms reduced the initial level of resistance to cadmium ions when they were not kept in contact with cadmium ions in bacteral multiplication. And cadmium ion-resistant and cadmium ion-sensitive strain were found to show equal, lower or higher sensitivity to other heave metals.

• 분석과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 1996

이성분계 첨가물을 이용한 카드뮴 석출과 수소 생성의 상대족인 속도를 조절할 수 있는 가능한 방법에 대하여 조사하였다. 수소를 발생하는 물의 전기환원을 억제하는 소수성 필름을 형성할 수 있는 벤질 알코올을 첨가제 중의 하나로 선택하였다. 다른 한 가지 첨가제는 카드뮴(II) 이온의 친수성을 약화시킴으로써 소수성 벤질 알코올 필름층을 쉽게 가로질러 환원극에 전착시킬 수 있는 것을 선택하였다. 전압 전류 효율 연구로부터 이온쌍과 착물 첨가제가 벤질 알코올 필름 존재하에서 카드뮴의 환원을 촉진시킬 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 벤질 알코올 필름은 나트륨 이온과 카드뮴의 염화착물을 형성하는 이온쌍을 얻기에 충분하도록 전극 주위의 유전상수를 낮추고, 카드뮴의 환원을 촉진시킨다. 이러한 환원의 촉진은 염화물이 존재하지 않는 황산염 용액에서는 일어나지 않는다. 왜냐하면 카드뮴은 본래 아쿠아 착물과 이온쌍으로 존재하여 카드뮴의 환원을 촉진시키지 못하고 환원을 방해시키기 때문이다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.233-238
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• 1990

The mechanism of intracellular accumulation of cadmium in a cadmium-ion tolerant yeast, Hansenula ammala B-7, which is an extreme cadmium tolerant strain and has the ability to take up a large amount of cadmium was investigated. The amounts of cadmium taken up by the scalded yeast cells were 2 to 3 times more than the value of the living cells. The living Hansenula anomala B-7 cells adsorbed 74% of cadmium taken up onto the other layer of the cells and 26% of it accumulated inside the cells. But the scalded cells adsorbed 98.3% of cadmium taken up and accumulated 1.7% of it inside the cells. A cadmium uptake and its accumulation were accelerated up to 162.3% and 275.4% by Triton X-100 in the living cells, respectively. Whereas in the scalded cell cadmium uptake was not affected by Triton X-100. Furthermore the cadmium uptake and its accumulation were strongly inhibited by metabolic inhibitors like 2,4-dinitrophenol, sodium azide and potassium cyanide in the living cells, but in the scalded cells cadmium uptake was not affected by metabolic inhibitors. These results suggested that the intracellular accumulation of cadmium by the cadmium-tolerant Hansenula anomala B-7 cells was apparently dependent of biological activity, and also gave evidence of the existance of energy-dependent system.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.268-273
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• 1996

An extremely cadmium tolerant yeast, Hansenula anomala B-7 used to determine the modification of the intracellular enzyme activities by cadmium ion. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphofructokinase, and cytidine deaminase were decreased up to 90%, 40%, and 86% compa- red with the control by 1 mM cadmium nitrate respectively, but the activities of malate dehydrogenase, 6- phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, and alkaline phosphatase were increased up to 440%, 136%, 260% and 155% compared with the control by 1 mM cadmium nitrate respectively. These results show that the activities of the enzymes participating in Embden-Mayerhof pathway (e.g. anaerobic metabolism) were reduced by cadmium, but those involved in hexose monophosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle (e.g. aerobic metabolism) were stimulated in contrast. It has been suggested that the diminished activity of cytidine deaminase in pyrimidine nucleotide dissimilation occured due to the inhibited nucleotide dissimilation by cadmium ion; the enhanced activity of cytochrome c oxidase was specifically required in order to oxidize a raised amount of NADH and NADPH due to the increased aerobic metabolism.

• 청정기술
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.217-222
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 수직 원통형 충전반응기(packed-bed column reactor)내에 균체가 고정화된 Ca-alginate bead를 넣어 카드뮴이온을 제거하는데 있어 반응기내로 유입되는 유속, 초기농도 등에서 카드뮴 이온($Cd^{2+}$) 제거하는데 최적 조건을 찾고자 하였다. 사용된 균주(Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853)는 한국과학기술원 유전공학센터 유전자은행(KCTC)으로부터 구입하였고, Bead로 사용된 Ca-alginate bead는 Sodium Alginate에 균체와 $CaCl_2$를 섞어 제조한 것을 사용하였다. 실험 결과 동일조건일 때 유속이 30 mL/hr > 45 mL/hr > 60 mL/hr의 순서로 제거율이 좋았고 유입속도의 변화에도 불구하고 각 유속에서 50 ppm > 100 ppm > 200 ppm > 300 ppm의 순으로 좋은 제거율을 보였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.397-401
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• 1991

Yeast-form cells of cadmium ion-tolerant Hansenula anomala B-7 were changed to mycelial cells in medium containing more than $400\mu$g/ml of cadmium. Moreover, the mycelial cells were exchanged into clumped cells in a medium containing more than $1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium. Optimal conditions of mycelial cell formation were achieved in the presence of .$1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium with shaking cultivation for 7 days. Glucan and mannan contents of the yeast cell wall frown with $1,000\mu$g/ml of cadmium decreased by 10% compared with those grown without cadmium. However, protein and lipid contents increased about 20% respectively. By cadmium, no significant findings in specific amino acid contents were discovered.