• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2009

To beef up natural immunity, we have used Bojoongikgitang which has been known to treat enervation in the oriental medicine. This study is analyzed out structure material and the chief virtue of a prescription through Literature Study on Bojoongikgitang and Clinical Application. And this study is investigated to make sure of the necessity and additional symptoms in using Bojoongikgitang. The results are as follows : 1. It is regarded that the structure materials of Bojoongikgitang consist of Astragali Radix one jeon(錢) five poon(分), Ginseng Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix one jeon for each, Citri Pericarpium, Angelicae Gigantis Radix five poon for each, Cimicifugae Rhizoma, Bupleuri Radix three poon for each. 2. The necessity symptoms in using Bojoongikgitang are a pale complexion, drowsy eyes(目無精光), vigorless, lethargy, sluggish talk. 3. The fittest prescriptions prior to the necessity symptoms in using Bojoongikgitang are Bojoongikgitang added Paeoniae Radix Alba, Scutellariae Radix in fever, exterior heat, mild fever, Bojoongikgitang added Ephedrae Radix, Tritici Fructus Levis, Aconiti Iateralis Preparata Radix in spontaneous sweating, spontaneous sweating by yang deficiency, Bojoongikgitang added Paeoniae Radix Alba, Scutellariae Radix in feeling the pulse like a flood, largeness and weakness, scatter and largeness, flood and largeness for diagnosis respectively. Bojoongikgitang Entering the heart channel by culturing the blood prescription in vexation, vexation and anxiety, Soongihwajoongtang in headache, DossiBojoongikgitang in rigor, Bojoongikgitang annexed Saengmaecsan in thirst, Daninsamtang or Jojoongikgitang in asthma, asthma by congestion of the upwardness, Eeegongsan in light eating, eschewing food, losing one's appetite, Ikweeseungyangtang in deficiency failing to control blood and blood collapsey. 4. To treat a functional disease is superior to organic one in using Bojoongikgitang.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.461-472
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• 2004

Objectives : For the screening of neuroprotective effects of medicinal herbs, the complex system of animal models suffer some disadvantages in controlling critical parameters such as blood pressure and body temperature. Additionally, application of drugs to the appropriate brain area sometimes is difficult, due to poor permeability though the blood brain barrier, and so potential protective effects might be masked. Methods : Organotypic hippocampal slice culture (OHSC) method has the advantages of being relatively easy to prepare and of maintaining the general structure, including tissue integrity and the connections between cells. Drugs can easily be applied and neuronal damage can easily be quantified by using tissues and culture media. This study demonstrates neuroprotective effects of Puerariae radix (葛根, PR), Salviae miltiorrhizae radix (丹蔘, SR), Rhei rhizoma (大黃, RR), and Bupleuri radix (柴胡, BR). These were screenedand compared to MK-801, antagonist of NMDA receptors, by using OHSC of 1 week-old Sprague-Dawley rats. Oxygen/glucose deprivation (OGD) were conducted in an anaerobic chamber $(85%\;N_2,\;10%\;CO_2\;and\;5%\;H_2)$ in a deoxygenated glucose-free medium for 60 minutes. Water extracts of each herbs were treated to culture media with $5\;{\mu}g/ml$ for 48 hours. Results : Neuronal cell death in the cultures was monitored by densitometric measurements of the cellular uptake of propidium iodide (PI). PI fluorescence images were obtained at 48 hours after the OGD and medicinal herb treatment. Also TUNEL-positive cells in the CAI and DG regions and LDH concentrations in culture media were measured at 48 hours after the OGD. According to measured data, MK-801, PR, SR and BR demonstrated significant neuroprotective effect against excessive neuronal cell death and apoptosis induced by the OGD insult. Especially, PR revealed similar neuroprotective effect to MK-801 and RR demonstrated weak neuroprotective effect. Conclusions : These results suggest that OHSC can be a suitable method for screening of neuroprotective effects of medicinal herbs. (This work was supported by the research program of Dongguk University and Grant 01-PJ9-PG1-01CO03-0003 from Ministry of Health & Welfare.)

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.135-140
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• 2008

In this study, the macromineral content ratios of four herbal medicine samples(Saposhnikoviae Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Cnidii Rhizoma, and Astragali Radix) were analyzed to discriminate their geographical origins using an energydispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. EDXRF is a rapid, non-destructive, and multi-elemental analysis technique. Initially, samples of both domestic and imported herbal medicines were pulverized, and then their macromineral contents, including P, S, K, and Ca, were analyzed using EDXRF. For the discrimination of their geographical origins, canonical discriminant analysis was carried out based on the estimated macromineral relative content ratios of the samples. According to the results, the discrimination accuracies were as follows: 93.3% for Saposhnikoviae Radix, 95.7% for Bupleuri Radix, 98.8% for Cnidii Rhizoma, and 87.5% for Astragali Radix. Overall, the results imply that this technique could be used as a standard method, to discriminate their geographical origins between domestic and imported herbal medicines.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Oriental Medical Informatics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.26-47
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• 2005

In this dissertation, I will focus on the channel entry, the effect, and the treatment throughout books of oriental medicine from ancient to modern in order to classify the medicines of the liver as main or supplementary organ. The results are as follows: 1. The kinds of the medicines of working of the liver(本臟) were 29, which were Amydae carapax(鱉甲), Chrysanthemi Flos(菊花), Cassiae Torae Semen(草決明), Plantaginis Semen(車前子), Scirpi Seu Sparganii(三稜), Ulmi Pasta Semen(蕪荑), Cinnamomi Cortex(肉桂), Fraxini Cortex(秦皮), Chaenomelis Fructus(木果), Corii Asini Colla(阿膠), Chuanxiong Rhizoma(川芎), Adenophorae Radix(沙蔘), Coicis Semen(薏苡仁), Acanthopanacis Cortex(五加皮), Zizyphi Spinosae Semen(酸棗仁), Picrorrhizae Rhizoma(胡黃連), Gentianae Radix(草龍膽), Citri Reticulatae Virdie Pericarpium(靑皮), Paeoniae Alba Radix(白芍藥), Paeoniae Rubra Radix(赤芍藥), Bupleuri Radix(柴胡), Peucedani Radix(前胡), Naturalis Indigo(靑黛), Citrus unshiu(橘葉), Rhinocerotis Cornu(犀角), Aucklandiae Radix(木香), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, Farfarae Flos(款冬花), Evodiae Fructus(吳茱萸), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium(陳皮) . 2. The kinds of the medicines of working of other viscera(他臟) were 7, which were Astragaliadix(黃耆), Ginseng Radix(人蔘), pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Myristicae Semen, Euryales Semen, Arecae Semen, Piperis Longi Fructus. 3. Medicines, effected on the heart functioned through any other viscera are as follows: Arecae Semen works to treat Spleen Gi Entering the Liver(脾氣入肝), Piperis Longi Fructus, pinelliae Rhizoma(半夏), Euryales Semen and Myristicae Semen operate to treat Spleen Cold Entering the Liver(脾冷入肝), Astragali Radix(黃耆) and Ginseng Radix(人蔘) work to treat Spleen Vacuity Entering the Liver(脾虛入肝). In the study of concerning the medicines effected on the liver, It is considered that it dedicated to development of the medicines related to the disease of the liver and making efficient use of the medicines.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.467-474
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• 2015

Allergic rhinitis is a growing tendency to increase. Following this tendency, allergic rhinitis is lively studied also in Korean oriental medicine. Bupleuri Radix (BR) has been used for many inflammatory diseases, but experimental backgrounds are not enough to treat allergic rhinitis. So in this study, effects of BR on OVA-induced allergic rhinitis model of BALB/c mice were examined. Thirty two BALB/c mice are equally devided into four groups; control group, OVA group, OVA+BR group, OVA+Cet group. The OVA, OVA+BR and OVA+Cet groups were induced allergic rhinitis by sensitizing to OVA. And then saline solution included BR (10.6 mg/kg body weight) was administered to the OVA+BR group orally. The number of nasal rubbing and nasal sneezing was evaluated for 10 days and later serological and histological changes were analyzed. Serological analysis included the serum levels of cytokines and chemokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-12, MCP-1, MIP-2), total IgE and OVA-specific IgE levels in serum. Histological analysis included thickness of nasal septum, eosinophil counts changes of nasal mucosa, infiltration of eosinophil in nasal mucosa and histological changes of nasal mucosa. The number of nasal rubbing and nasal sneezing was significantly decreased in the OVA+BR group. The serum levels of IL-4, IL-5, MCP-1, MIP-2 were significantly decreased in the OVA+BR group but the serum levels of IL-1β had not significance. Total IgE and OVA-specific IgE levels in serum were decreased in the OVA+BR group, but total IgE levels in serum had only significance. Thickness of nasal septum, eosinophil counts of nasal mucosa and infiltration of eosinophil in nasal mucosa were significantly decreased in the OVA+BR group. From the results of this study, we think that BR has an effect on improvement of allergic rhinitis by improving nasal rubbing and nasal sneezing, reducing histological changes of nasal mucosa and infiltration of eosinophil in nasal mucosa, inhibiting increasing of the serum levels of cytokines, chemokines and total IgE.

• THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN ORIENTAL ONCOLOGY
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.113-160
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• 1996

Cancer is one of the most important cause of death. So recently, investigation of cancer progress prosperously all over the world. Cancer in the present medicine correspond to You-Am, Sin-Am, Young-Soon, Sel-Gyun, Sil-Young, Young-Lyoo, Seg-Je, Seg-Young, Seg-Ha, Jerk-Chui(積聚), Jing-Ha, Oel-Gyek, Ban-Oui, Bi-Gi, Bok-Lyang, Jang-Dan, Hyen-Bek in the oriental medicine. Among these, generally Jerk-Chui(積聚) is expressed to cancer. So to develop of new drugs of cancer in the present medicine, bibliographic investigation of mass-prescriptions was studied in the oriental medicine-books. According to the bibliographic study of Jerk-Chui-prescriptions, the results run as follows. 1. According to the analyses of three hundred sixty eight Jerk-Chui-prescriptions in the twenty-seven kinds of literature, the frequency number of the used drugs were Pericarpium Citri Nobilis Viride 140 times, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 135 times, Rhizoma Scirpi 124 times, Radix Aucklandie 115 times, Rhizoma Zedoariae 114 times, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 111 times, Radix Glycyrrhizae 106 times, Rhizoma Zingiberis 100 times, Rhizoma Coptidis 94 times, Radix Ginseng 93 times, Poria 86 times, Rhizoma Pinelliae 85 times, Semen Arecae 83 times, Rhizoma Cyperi 82 times, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 80 times, Rhizoma Atractylodis 74 times, Massa Fermentata Medisinalis 67 times, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 66 times, Fructus Aurantii 62 times, Fructus Hordei Genninatus 55 times, Conex Cinnamomi 54 times, Fructus Evodiae 51 times, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus 49 times, Fructus Crataegi 49 times, Rhizoma Cnidii 46 times, Radix Platycodi 44 times, Semen Tiglii 44 times, Radix Aconiti 43 times, Fructus Amoni 38 times, Semen Raphani 37 times, Radix Aconiti Praeparata 36 times, Radix Scutellariae 35 times, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli 35 times, Rhizoma Corydalis 33 times, Rhizoma Acori Graminei 31 times, Carapax Amydae 31 times, Fructus Foeniculi 31 times, Semen Persicae 30 times, Radix Bupleuri 30 times. 2. The frequency number of the most imponant used drugs in the Jerk-Chui-prescriptions were Rhizoma Coplidis 41 times, Rhizoma Scirpi 35 times, Radix Et Rhizoma Rhei 31 times, Pericarpium Citri Reticuiatae 30 times, Rhizoma Zedoariae 27 times, Rhizoma Cyperi 22 times, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 22 times, Rhizoma Atraclylodis 22 times, Pericarpium Citri Nobilis Viride 21 times, Rhizoma Pinelliae 20 times, Semen Arecae 20 times, Fructus Crataegi 18 times, Rhizoma Zingiberis 17 times, Carapax Amydae 16 times, Semen Pharbitidis 13 times, Poria 12 times, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 10 times, Semen Persicae 10 times, Fructus Evodiae 10 times, Radix Aeoniti 10 times, Radix Glycyrrhizae 9 times, Massa Fennenlata Medisinalis 9 times, Fructus Aurantii 9 times, Fructus Hordei Genninatus 8 times, Radix Aueklandie 8 times, Rhizoma Atractylodis 8 times, Radix Bupleuri 8 times, Radix Ginseng 7 times, Semen Raphani 7 times, Radix Astragali 7 times, Cortex Cinnamomi 6 times, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus 6 times, Rhizoma Cnidii 6 times, Radix Aconiti Praeparata 5 times, Fructus Foeniculi 5 times, Lacca Sinica Exsiccata 5 times, Radix Aconiti 5 times, Rhizoma Zingiberis 5 times. 3. The clinical-botanic classifications of the used drugs in the Jerk-Chui-prescriptions were regulating the flow of Qi drugs, warm-heating drugs, promoting blood circulation drugs, killing mass drugs, resolving drugs, purgative drugs, Qi and blood tonics drugs, heat clearing drugs, removing dampness by promoting diures is drugs, phlegm eliminating drugs, allaying pain drugs. 4. According to the nature and taste in the drugs, warm and heating recipes were used most, heatclearing recipes were used a few times assistantly. 5. The Jerk-Chui-prescription used frequently was Bun-Don-Tang, which was used 13 times ; Bok-Oyang-Hoan 12 times, Bi-Gi-Hoan(肥氣丸) 12 times, Sik-Boon-Hoan 12 times, A-Uie-Hoan 12 times, Bi-Gi-Hoan 12 times, Dai-Cil-Gi-Tang 8 times, San-Cuie-Tang 8 times, Guye-Gyen-Tang 6 times, On-Baig-Won 5 times, So-Jek-Jeng-Ouen-San 5 times, Jin-In-Hoa-Cel-Tang 5 times, Byel-Gab-San 5 times, Sng-Hong-Hoan 5 times, Ji-Sil-San 4 times, So-A-Oie-Hoan 4 times, Hyang-Rng-Hoan 4 times.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.35 no.3 s.138
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• pp.229-232
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• 2004

Chronical intake of alcohol can cause alcoholic fatty liver. Fatty liver is caused by fat infiltration: the state of high rate of fat in liver cells and by losing the balance between the synthesis and the secretion of fatty acid. It could be developed into liver necrosis and cirrhosis. Ka-Mi-Chung-Gan-Tang (KMCGT) is a decoction used for fatty liver as oriental medicines in China. The prescription is composed of Ginseng Radix, Bupleuri Radix, Scutellariae Radix, Pinelliae Tuber, Artemisiae capillaris Herba, Gardeniae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus and Glycyrrhizae Radix etc. We have induced alcoholic fatty liver by ethanol administration (6 g/kg, single dose/day, for a week) on rats and observed changes of triglyceride, cholesterol and lipid peroxidation in liver tissues of them. Also we checked the activities of GOT and GPT in blood of rats. KMCGT inhibited significantly the increase of triglyceride, cholesterol, lipid peroxidation level and effectively the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.621-634
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• 2023

Objectives: This study summarizes current trends and results in clinical studies on herbal medicine treatments for chronic pancreatitis. Methods: Studies published from 2014 to 2023 were searched for on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, and KMbase using the keywords "chronic pancreatitis", "herbal medicine", "herb", "만성 췌장염", and "한약". The studies were analyzed according to year, study design, characteristics of the patients, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervention. Results: In total, 23 studies were selected. There were 21 randomized controlled trials and 2 case-control studies. The most common herbal prescriptions were Qingyi-tang (淸胰湯), Radix Bupleuri (柴胡), Radix Paeoniae Alba (白芍藥), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草), Radix Scutellariae (黃芩), and Rhei Rhizoma (大黃). In all the studies, herbal medicine treatments were effective in the treatment of chronic pancreatitis, and efficacy was assessed using clinical symptoms, physicochemical examination, radiological examination, and relapse. Conclusions: Herbal medicine treatment can be an effective treatment for chronic pancreatitis and has potential in clinical practice.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

1. Objectives: Pharmacopuncture according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine is new field of constitutional medicine. We investigated safety of pharmacopunctures to develop this treatment. 2. Methods: We searched for papers in fifteen Korean oriental medical journals and four online searching portal articles. Hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and general toxicity tests were investigated about one hundred thirty kinds of pharmacopunctures. 3. Results: Toxicity test about 36 kinds of 130 pharmacopunctures were investigated. 1) Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity test of pharmacopunctures were searched in 11 of 38 Soeumin herbs, 8 of 36 Soyangin herbs, 5 of 44 Taeeumin herbs and 1 of 12 Taeyangin herbs. From among these herbs, toxicity was detected in Radix aconiti lateralis preparata(附子), Fructus alpiniae oxyphyllae(益智仁), Semen crotonis(巴豆), Radix bupleuri(柴胡) and Semen armeniacae amarum(杏仁) pharmacopunctures. 2) General toxicity test of pharmacopunctures were searched in 8 of 38 Soeumin herbs, 9 of 36 Soyangin herbs, 6 of 44 Taeeumin herbs and 2 of 12 Taeyangin herbs. from among thes herbs, toxicity was detected in Radix aconiti lateralis preparata(附子), Radix ginseng(人蔘), Semen crotonis(巴豆), Rhizoma seu radix notopterygii(羌活), Radix aralia cordatae(獨活), Semen armeniacae amarum(杏仁) and Radix scutellariae(黃芩) and Cortex acanthopanacis(五加皮) pharmacopunctures. 4. Conclusions: From these results, we must decide extraction method, concentration and dose carefully to use the toxic pharmacopuncture. More toxicity test and further study is needed about pharmacopuncture treatment in Sasang Constitutional Medicine.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.77-100
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate recent clinical studies on the effect of herbal medicine for pediatric tonsillitis in China, and to seek better methods to treat and study for pediatric tonsillitis in Republic of Korea. Methods We searched clinical studies from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) by search formula (SU='扁桃体炎'+'扁桃炎'+'扁桃腺炎'+'乳蛾'+'喉蛾'+'蚕蛾'+'石蛾'+'珠蛾'+'肉蛾'+'乳蛾風'+爛乳風'+'tonsillitis') and (SU='中樂'+'中医樂'+'本草'+'湯'+'丸'+'散'+'方'+'顆粒'+'膠囊'+'自擬'+'herb'+'herbal'+'decoction'+'remedy'+'Chinese medicine'+'Korean medicine'+'kampo'+'formula'+'herbal drug'+'Chinese drug'+'plant'+'Chinese prescription'+'traditional medicine'+'Medicine, East Asian Traditional'+'Herbal Medicine') in professional search from January 2016 to August 2020. We analyzed the literature focusing on the treatment methods and results. Results Among 1464 searched studies, 35 randomized controlled trials were selected and analyzed. In most studies, the effectiveness of oral administration of herbal medicine on pediatric tonsillitis was significant. Most commonly used herbs were Fructus Forsythiae (連翹), Radix Glycyrrhizae (甘草), Radix Scutellariae (黃芩), Herba Menthae (薄荷), Fructus Arctii (牛蒡子), Radix Scrophulariae (玄蔘), Radix Platycodi (桔梗), Flos Lonicerae (金銀花), Radix Isatidis (板藍根), Radix Bupleuri (柴胡), Fructus Gardeniae (梔子), Rhizoma Belamcandae (射干), Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (大黃), Gypsum Fibrosum (石膏). Conclusions By analyzing the improvement of indicators such as total effective rate, cured rate, symptom disappearance time and symptom score, we found that herbal medicine treatment can help improve pediatric tonsillitis. However, additional studies are needed to solidify these findings.