• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2003

Cloud-point and bubble-point data to $170^{\circ}C$ and 50 bar are presented for four different solvents, normal pentane. n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane with poly(ethylene-co-42 wt% octene) ($PEO_{42}$) copolymer. The pressure-concentration isotherms measured for $PEO_{42}$ - normal pentane have maximums at around 5 wt% of the copolymer concentrations in the solution. $PEO_{42}$- normal pentane system exhibits LCST-type phase behavior at temperatures greater than $130^{\circ}C$. Below $120^{\circ}C$, bubble-point type transitions are observed. However, the binary mixtures for $PEO_{42}$ in n-hexane, n-heptane, and n-octane have only bubble-point type transitions at the pressure-temperature region investigated in this study. The single-phase region of PEO - alkane mixtures increases with the molecular size of alkane solvent due to the increasing dispersion interactions between PEO and the alkane.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.247-253
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• 1999

The growth of a spherical vapor bubble contained in a large body of upper convected Maxwell fluid is theoretically analyzed under the devolatilization condition of polymer by using a Galerkin FEM in the Lagrangian frame. Using the finite element technique, a fully explicit numerical scheme is developed both for the calculation of pressure distribution and for the tracking of bubble surface. Oscillatory behavior in bubble radius is observed during growth and the oscillatory behavior is found to be due to the interaction of mass transfer resistance and elasticity. It is found that the elasticity of fluid accelerates the growth and removal of volatile component. It is also found that the bubble growth in the devolatilization of polymers is affected by both mass transfer resistance and viscoelasticity of fluids.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.7
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• pp.605-612
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• 2016

A numerical analysis was performed on the effect of the design parameters of a bubble jet type microactuator on its liquid flow characteristics. The numerical models included the ink flow from the reservoir, bubble formation and growth, ejection through the nozzle, and dynamics of the refilling process. Because the bubble behavior is a very important parameter for the overall actuator performance, the bubble growth and collapse phenomena in an open pool were simulated in the present study. The drop ejection and refill process were numerically predicted for various geometries of the nozzle, chamber, and restrictor of the bubble jet microactuator. The numerical results from varying the design parameters can help with predicting the performance and optimizing the design of a microactuator.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.1756-1768
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• 2021

The containment filtered venting system (CFVS) filters the atmosphere of the containment building and discharges a part of it to the outside environment to prevent containment overpressure during severe accidents. The Korean CFVS has a tank that filters fission products from the containment atmosphere by pool scrubbing, which is the primary decontamination process; however, prediction of its performance has been done based on researches conducted under mild conditions than those of severe accidents. Bubble behavior in a pool is a key parameter of pool scrubbing. Therefore, the bubble behavior in the pool was analyzed under various injection flow rates observed at the venturi nozzles used in the Korean CFVS using a wire-mesh sensor. Based on the experimental results, void fraction model was modified using the existing correlation, and a new bubble size prediction model was developed. The modified void fraction model agreed well with the obtained experimental data. However, the newly developed bubble size prediction model showed different results to those established in previous studies because the venturi nozzle diameter considered in this study was larger than those in previous studies. Therefore, this is the first model that reflects actual design of a venturi scrubbing nozzle.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.1575-1588
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• 2019

Fracture near the U-10Mo/cladding material interface impacts fuel service life. In this work, a mesoscale stress model is developed with the fuel foil considered as a porous medium having gas bubbles and bearing bubble pressure and surface tension. The models for the evolution of bubble volume fraction, size and internal pressure are also obtained. For a U-10Mo/Al monolithic fuel plate under location-dependent irradiation, the finite element simulation of the thermo-mechanical coupling behavior is implemented to obtain the bubble distribution and evolution behavior together with their effects on the mesoscale stresses. The numerical simulation results indicate that higher macroscale tensile stresses appear close to the locations with the maximum increments of fuel foil thickness, which is intensively related to irradiation creep deformations. The maximum mesoscale tensile stress is more than 2 times of the macroscale one on the irradiation time of 98 days, which results from the contributions of considerable volume fraction and internal pressure of bubbles. This study lays a foundation for the fracture mechanism analysis and development of a fracture criterion for U-10Mo monolithic fuels.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.215-220
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• 2008

A numerical method for gas-liquid two-phase flow is applied to solve shock-bubble interaction problems. The present method employs a finite-difference Runge-Kutta method and Roe's flux difference splitting approximation with the MUSCL-TVD scheme. A homogeneous equilibrium cavitation model is used. By this method, a Riemann problem for shock tube was computed for validation. Then, shock-bubble interaction problems between cylindrical bubbles located in the liquid and incident liquid shock wave are computed.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.215-220
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• 2008

A numerical method for gas-liquid two-phase flow is applied to solve shock-bubble interaction problems. The present method employs a finite-difference Runge-Kutta method and Roe's flux difference splitting approximation with the MUSCL-TVD scheme. A homogeneous equilibrium cavitation model is used. By this method, a Riemann problem for shock tube was computed for validation. Then, shock-bubble interaction problems between cylindrical bubbles located in the liquid and incident liquid shock wave are computed.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.48-57
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• 1999

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of the behavior of single bubble rising near the free surface. Volume fraction of fluid (VOF) method with continuum surface force (CSF) model, the well known method for two phase flow simulation is adopted. A bubble of spherical shape positioned beneath the free surface is assumed at the initial stage. The difference according to the fluid properties of surrounding medium is examined. Simulation results are depicted and explained with the time history of bubble shape, velocity field and vorticity distribution.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.73-82
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• 2009

포화상태 핵비등과 저 Re수의 흐름비등에서 얻어진 실험결과를 바탕으로 하여, 기포가 성장하는 동안의 등가 기포 직경과 열전단율의 거동에 대한 기포 형상 가정의 효과를 제시하기 위한 해석적인 연구를 수행하였다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 등가 기포 반경이 기포가 성장하는 동안 촬영된 기포의 이미지로부터 얻어질 수 있는 형상 가정을 이용하여 계산되었다. 그리고 열전달율을 포화상태 핵비등 동안 미세크기의 히터와 휘스톤브리지 회로를 이용하여 측정하였다. 그리고, 기포 형상 가정의 효과를 실험결과와 비교하였고, 이를 통해 단일 기포의 성장 거동을 분석하기 위한 기포 형상 가정이 매우 중요함을 보였다.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1464-1469
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• 2004

In this study, micro square heaters having dimensions of $65{\times}65{\mu}m^2$and $100{\times}100{\mu}m^2$ were fabricated and bubble nucleation experiments on the heaters were performed. Bubble nucleation temperature was also measured using a bridge circuit and the photographs of bubble nucleation and subsequent growth were taken by a camera with a flash unit. Measured bubble nucleation temperatures were found to be closer to the superheat limit of working fluid (FC-72). Also quasi-1D analyses for the square heaters were performed. The quasi-1D analysis yielded proper temperature distribution of the square heater at steady state, however failed to predict the temperature rise up to the steady state. Similar time dependent temperature can be obtained with proper value of thermal diffusivity. For the $100{\times}100{\mu}m^2$ square heater, nucleation of several bubbles was observed while only one bubble was observed to be nucleated on $65{\times}65{\mu}m^2$ heater.