• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.534-539
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out to establish seed propagation method of Hydrangea petiolaris Siebold & Zucc., one of the specific and protected plant species for the floral region. Seed size ranged $1.36{\times}0.84mm$, weight of thousand seeds was $2.3{\pm}0.02mg$. Observation of seed morphology characters showed wrinkled surface and elliptical shape, indicating amber color and fine seeds. Moisture contents of seeds, increased rapidly by water-soaking treatment, recording maximum moisture contents (31.9%) after 48 hours. Percent germination of seeds was higher under the light than dark condition. Seed germination was the best at $25^{\circ}C$ under the light condition (78.0%) among temperature and light conditions treated. Percent germination, germination energy and $T_{50}$ was greatly improved by soaking in $GA_3$ solutions for 48 hours. Especially, $100{\sim}500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ $GA_3$ treatment resulted in the highest germination rate as 90.0% and above.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.241-254
• /
• 2013

The nutria(Myocastor coypus) that is originated from South America is a representative Invasive alien species in Korea. invasive alien species is one of the biggest causes for the loss of biodiversity and it may threaten the conservation and function of ecology as well as the welfare of mankind. Intense habitation has been made around the Nakdong River basin area that this study has analyzed the habitat density of nutria for the subject of 3 survey sites in the Nakdong River basin area. As a result of survey on habitation density in 2011 and 2012, under St.1 it was shown $2.01{\pm}0.21$/ha in 2011 and $0.69{\pm}0.55$/ha in 2012. Under St.2, it was shown $0.91{\pm}0.37$/ha in 2011 and $0.55{\pm}0.39$/ha in 2012. Under St.3, it was shown $5.31{\pm}0.72$/ha in 2011 and $3.99{\pm}2.31$/ha in 2012. The wet survey areas of St.1 and St.3 had shown relatively high habitation density compared to St. 2, the river survey area, and the average annual habitation density of the survey area was $2.74{\pm}2.29$/ha in 2011 and $1.74{\pm}1.18$/ha in 2012 that it has shown slightly reducing trend. As a result of measuring the morphology by capturing the habitation individuals, the average body length of adults is $92.23{\pm}9.41cm$, the length from the head to body for $53.90{\pm}5.15cm$, tail length for $38.33{\pm}4.83cm$, hind foot length for $13.82{\pm}1.00cm$, front foot length for $6.02{\pm}0.56cm$, and weight for $5.48{\pm}1.08kg$. As a result of comparing the types between genders, male showed a slightly higher figure in all parts compared to female and it showed significantly difference in total body length, head-body length, front foot length and total weight. As a result of analysis for each head-body length, other measured parts, weight and relativity for each measured part, all bodily part is shown to have the higher volume of correlations. The condition index of individuals in the survey area was shown in the average of $35.67{\pm}4.78$ with female for an average of $36.60{\pm}5.19$ and male for an average of $34.73{\pm}4.34$. The winter temperature in the southern area of Korea is considered for not greatly impacting on the habitation and development of nutria that, if there is no artificial control, it is considered to have certain concern of showing drastic breeding and territory expansion for the habitation group.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.715-718
• /
• 2010

$Cymbidium$ 'Purple Princess' ('Show Girl' x 'Eiko') is a new cultivar having dark purple sepal and petal (RHS, RP59A) with purple lip (RHS, RP59A). A cross was made between pink colored $C.$'Show Girl' as maternal line and dark purple colored $C.$ 'Eiko' as paternal line in 1994. It was preliminarily selected as Line No. 94019267 in 1999 considering the characters of flower shape and color, leaf growing shape and growth habit in normal culture condition. Multiplication, cultivation, and characteristic trials were conducted from 2000 to 2003. The line was named as Wongyo F1-7 and phenotype was characterized in 2004 as a new 'Purple Princess'. 'Purple Princess' has about 13.2 flowers per flower stalk and flower size of 5.2 cm. General appearance of petals and sepals is slightly incurved shape. The plant size is intermediate having erect peduncle. Blooming starts from early December under optimal culture condition. Leaf attitude and twisting is erect and very weak respectively. Erect leaf will be suitable for growing and handling in the nursery as pot orchid flowers.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 2008

Deep pectoral myopathy (DPM), also known as Oregon muscle disease or green muscle disease, was first described in 1968 by Dickinson et al as "degenerative myopathy" in turkeys. Even though this condition was first recognized in adult meat-type turkey and chicken breeders, it is becoming more and more common in meat-type growing birds. DPM occurs exclusively in birds that have been specially selected for breast muscle development. It is generally recognized that DPM is an ischemic necrosis that develops in the deep pectoral muscle (supracoracoideus or pectoralis minor muscle) mainly because this muscle is surrounded by inelastic fascia and the sternum, which do not allow the muscle mass to swell in response to the physiological changes occurring when muscle are exercised, as in wing flapping. The lesion does not impair the general health of birds and is generally found during cut-up and deboning, moreover, it can be both unilateral or bilateral, affecting just one or both pectoralis minor muscle, respectively. No public health significance is associated to DPM, but it is aesthetically undesirable. The fillet should be removed, whereas the rest of the carcass is still fit for human consumption. However, the required trimming operations determine the downgrading of the products and produce an economic loss for the industry, especially because it affects the more valuable part of the carcass. The incidence of DPM increases with market weight in broilers, with more cases reported in higher-yielding strains and in males. Increased bird activity (flock nervousness, flightiness, struggle, and wing flapping) induced by factors such as feed or water outages, lighting programs and intensity, human activity, and excessive noises in and around chicken houses should be looked at as a trigger for the development of DPM in broiler. However, most of the studies conducted to evaluate the incidence of DPM in poultry are concerned with parental commercial breeding stocks under experimental conditions (Bianchi et al. 2006. Poult Sci 85 : 1843-1846). There is a possible genetic relationship between the selection for large-breasted birds and this condition. Management procedures that discourage excessive wing flapping would reduce the incidence (Jordan and Pattison. 1998. Poultry diseases. 398-399).

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.266-272
• /
• 2008

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental lighting with different lighting intensity during growth on the sugar and pyruvic acid content of onion bulbs. As the result of comparison with growth, the content of pyruvic acid and sugar at harvest, supplemental lightening condition showed better growth, lower pyruvic acid content and higher sugar content than control. As to the growth at harvest according to lightening condition, 'Josaeng-ssundeobol' showed better growth as the lightening increased and 'Damrojunggab' had no difference above $12{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR. 'Josaeng-ssundeobol' contained much more content of pyruvic acid and sugar than 'Damrojunggab'. 'Josaeng-ssundeobol' had the lowest pyruvic acid content in $24{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR and 'Damrojunggab' had no difference above the $12{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR. The sugar content of 'Josaeng-ssundeobol' had no big difference above $18{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR and that of 'Damrojunggab' had no big difference above $12{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR. Desirable indicator to select individuals for the onion breeding is to select individuals that has low pyruvic acid content and high sweetness. Therefore, it will be possible to produce sweet onion conditioned on light supplement over $18{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR in 'Josaeng-ssundeobol' and over $12{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ PAR in 'Damrojunggab'.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.515-518
• /
• 2010

'Gangha' is new strawberry ($Fragaria{\times}ananassa$ Duch.) cultivar, which was released by National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA, in 2008. In 2004, this cultivar was originated from a cross between 'Samahberi' and 'Elan' and showed excellent ever-bearing characteristics including continuous flowering habit, high yield under long-day and high temperature condition. It was named 'Saebong No.2' after examining its characteristic and productivity in summer culture from 2006 to 2007. Again, after two regional adaptability tests in 2008, 'Gangha' was selected as an elite cultivar. The general characteristics of 'Gangha' include semi-spreading type, middle vigor, elliptic leaf, and long cluster in growth. The fruit shape is oval and fruit color is red. Fruit quality had 1ow activity, hardness but high soluble solids contents. This average fruit weight of 'Gangha' is about 12.0 g and the marketable yield is relatively high because of more flower cluster appearance. It is resistant against powdery mildew, anthracnose, and fusarium wilt. 'Gangha' is suitable for summer culture using domestic consumption because it is shows continuous flowering habit, high yield, and fruit quality under long-day and high temperature condition.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.112-115
• /
• 2003

NIAST has developed the artificial cultivation technique of entomopathogenic fungus, Isaria sinclairii by using the silkworm. NIAST is planning to provide the silkworm farmers the guidance of the technique. Screening of pharmacologically active principles of I. sinclairii is needed to register the fungal breeding, attain the approval of food materials, and ultimately position the fungus as a high value-added product. The result of investigating the characteristics of Isaria sinclairii was showed that conidia were irregularly long oval-shaped and measured 6.33$\times$3.33 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in average The optimal condition of cultivating hyphae was pH 5.0 in acidity and 21- $25^{\circ}C$ in temperature. And the best condition of producing conidia was pH 6.0 in acidity and 16-$20^{\circ}C$ in temperature.

• Journal of Conservation Science
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.137-148
• /
• 2014

Large scale anoxic chamber system(volume $28m^3$) was developed and installed at The National Folk Museum of Korea for the first time in Korea. In order to get optimal anoxic treatment condition, we compared the disinfection of adults, larvae and eggs of cigarette beetles using nitrogen and argon. The time for complete disinfection of cigarette beetles in pine wooden blocks exposed to nitrogen at oxygen concentration 0.01% and 50% in relative humidity were 15 days at $20^{\circ}C$, 10 days at $25^{\circ}C$, and 7 days $30^{\circ}C$. Time were 10 days at $20^{\circ}C$, 7 days at $25^{\circ}C$, and 5 days $30^{\circ}C$ in argon anoxic atmosphere. From the mortality of cigarette beetles, optimal disinfection condition was oxygen concentration 0.01%, $25^{\circ}C$ in temperature, 50% in relative humidity and exposure time 21 days at nitrogen atmosphere. And when large scale anoxic chamber system was supplied nitrogen by nitrogen generator for anoxic treatment of many collections or large collections, it could be operated stably. To verify optimal disinfection condition, museum insects(adults, larvae, pupae and eggs of cigarette beetles in pine wooden blocks, cotton fabrics and Korean paper book, adults and larvae of drugstore beetles in pine wooden blocks, cotton fabrics and Korean paper book, larvae of varied carpet beetles in pine wooden block and silk fabrics, adults and larvae of hide beetles and adults of rice weevils in breeding boxes) which exposed at optimal disinfection condition, were completely killed.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.126-140
• /
• 1977

Present studies were carried out for breeding cold resistant clones of Citrus, improving overwintering techniques of Citrus in Jeju island as well as other southern region, Result obtained were as follows 1. In the vinyl house covered with two sheets of straw mat, 12 indivuals were found as non-injury and 15 were slightly injured by leaf freeging test at $-9^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours treatment. 2. In the condition of vinyl house covered with straw mat and viny film mulching and heat-in by sun-light, the inside temperature of vinyl house were not lowered below $-3^{\circ}C$ and the ground temperatura in vinyl house keeps above $0^{\circ}C$ during winter though outdoor temperature were lower by $-15^{\circ}C$(Daejeon area). 3. The vinyl tunnel inside the vinyl house and vinyl film mulching on ground position showed greater effectiveness for preventing heat loss from house but there were no significant difference between the color of vinyl film covered the tunnel. 4. In the vertical distribution of maximum temperature in vinyl house, the upper space was slightly higher than the lower position at high temperature condition, while minimum temperature was distributed as higher as the middle position, ground surface and upper position in order at low temperature condition 5. In the horizontal distribution of temperature in vinyl house, ground and surface-temperature of north side was lower than the other sides, and citrus planted within 30cm from north side wall died by cold injury and in the other side near wall appeared slight symptom of cold injury. 6. The insulating trench ($30{\times}30{\times}30cm$) packed with straw bundle installed under north wall might be effective to prevent heat loss of ground temperature. 7. In cloudy and snowy day, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor were less, and the indoor temperature were maintained highly during night due to the effect of prevention of heat loss. 8. The highest temperature in a day was observed at about P.M. 3 both inside and outside of vinyl house and the lowest temperature was observed at about A.M. 6. The difference between the highest and lowest temperature of indoor in a sunny day was $19^{\circ}C$, compared with $9^{\circ}C$ on a cloudy or snowy day in late November. Especially, lowering of temperature in a snowy day was so less that the curve of temperature change was comparatively constant, 9. If the effective methods of citrus cultivation in vinyl house with improved clone such as hardiness. semi-dwarf and spur type are applied, it might be possible to cultivate the citrus tree safely in Jeju island as well as other southern rejion and to magnity the cultivation of citrus tree.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.359-365
• /
• 2013

Chrysanthemum is one of the most popular ornamental plants worldwide. Recently, lots of new and novel chrysanthemum varieties have been developed using mutagenesis. However, there was no study for comparison of tissue culture condition among the mutant varieties derived from one original variety, until now. This study was conducted to compare the efficient regeneration condition of the two chrysanthemum mutant varieties, 'ARTI-purple' and 'ARTI-queen'. Two different flower parts (disk and ray florets) at the unopened and early blooming stages were used for comparison of regeneration condition on MS medium supplemented with combinations of three growth regulators (BA, NAA, and IAA). The highest regeneration rate was identified on the NAA and BA combination when the disk florets at unopened blooming stage are used. The best optimum combinations of growth regulators were identified as NAA $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and BA $0.5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ at 'ARTI-purple', which displayed 47.9% regeneration. However, regeneration of 'ARTI-queen' was the highest as 25.6% at NAA $2.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and BA $1.0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$. There results indicate that there is a difference for the optimum regeneration condition between the mutant varieties derived from one original variety. These results will be useful for construction of efficient regeneration system of diverse chrysanthemum mutants developed by mutation breeding.