• 제목/요약/키워드: breast-feeding

검색결과 608건 처리시간 0.026초

영아어머니의 자녀돌봄의 부담감과 지지, 교육 및 상담요구에 관한 조사연구 (The study on the maternal burden of caretaking, the support and educational need for the caretaking activities of the infants′ mother)

  • 한경자
    • Child Health Nursing Research
    • /
    • 제3권2호
    • /
    • pp.228-240
    • /
    • 1997
  • It is important to asess the risk factors of parenting and provide early intervention for promotion of the maternal caretaking ability. The purpose of the study was to identify the maternal burden of caretaking, the supporting and the educational need for the caretaking activities of the mother of infant. Sixty three mothers of infants who visited the wellbaby clinic of S university hospital and one health center during the period of November 1st, to 30th in 1996 comprised the subjects of this study, Data were gathered through the instruments that were developed by researcher. Statistical analysis of this study was used ANOVA and Pearson correlation. The results were as follows : 1) The mean score of the maternal burden of caretaking was 22.06. The maternal burden of caretaking was significantly high in the mothers who had vaginal delivery compare with the mothers who had caeserean section and in the muthers who gave artificial feeding compare with the group of breast or mixed feeding. 2) The mean score of the support need for the caretaking activities was 30.69. The support need for the caretaking activities was significantly high in the mothers who had the second child, compare with the mothers who had first or third child. And the support need for the caretaking activities was significantly high in the mothers who had caretaking help compare with the mothers who had no caretaking help. The specific subjects of 'mother-infant interaction', 'immunization' and 'prevention of accident' on the support need for the caretaking activities were relatively high. 3) The mean score of the educational need of caretaking activities was 29.3. The educational need of caretaking activities was significantly high in the mother who had the second child compare with the mothers who had first or third child. And the educational need of caretaking activities was significantly high in the mothers who had caretaking help compare with the mothers who had no caretaking help. The specific subjects of 'mother-infant interaction', 'emergency care' and 'prevention of accident' on educational need of caretaking were relatively high. 4) The maternal burden of caretaking was not correlated with the support need or the educational need of caretaking activities. But the support need of caretaking activities was significantly correlated with the educational need of caretaking activities. 5) The support and educational need of caretaking activities were significantly high in the mothers who wanted home care for caretaking their infants. Through the study, it was found that there is considerable maternal burden of caretaking as well as the support and educational need on the caretaking activities in the mothers whose child is young. Therefore developing the systematic and effective program is needed to meet the mother's need. The results of this study will be useful resources to develop the program. On the other hand, it can be recommanded that home health care will be one of the approach to support the mothers caretaking activities.

  • PDF

인터넷 육아전문 사이트의 육아정보 분석 (An Analysis of Internet based Child Care Portal sites)

  • 이자형;이정은;오진아;김혜영;김경원;박영애;김성희;김지현;정향진;천기정
    • 부모자녀건강학회지
    • /
    • 제4권2호
    • /
    • pp.56-72
    • /
    • 2002
  • Web sites on the internet are getting major resources to gain information related to child care. Though the numerous web sites deliver child care information, they have never been evaluated with criteria before. The purpose of this study is to identify existence and organization of child care portal sites and to analysis their contents, therefore to suggest guidelines for parents. The survey was conducted from Sep. 1. to Oct. 30., 2001. by means of Lycos Korea and Daum search engine and finally 45 portal sites related to child care were selected eliminating the commercial and personal homepages. The results were as follows: 1. Most of the sites(95.6%) were operated by corporations without registration(82.2%). Consultants were mostly professional (71.1%). 2. The contents were analyzed 4 categories including 19 themes. 3. Diet & Nutrition category include weaning food, breast feeding, bottle feeding and snack. The recipe and type of weaning food on months were topped(64.44%). 4. Infant Care category include bathing, sleeping, clothes, skin care and cord care. bathing method and heat of bathing water were topped(44.44%). 5. Growth & Development category was consisted of developmental characteristics, dental growth, play & exercise and learning & guidance. Developmental stage and motor development were topped (62.22%). 6. Health maintenance & promotion category was consisted of emergency care, prevention of accidents, vaccination, common pediatric disease and parental role. Care of diarrhea, constipation and fever, and precautions for vaccination were topped(48.89%).

  • PDF

Growth Performance, Humoral Immune Response and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Alkali Processed Karanj Cake Incorporated Diet Supplemented with Methionine

  • Panda, K.;Sastry, V.R.B.;Mandal, A.B.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제18권5호
    • /
    • pp.677-681
    • /
    • 2005
  • A study was conducted to see the effect of dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processed solvent extracted karanj cake (SKC) supplemented with methionine on growth performance, humoral immune response and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from 0 to 8 weeks of age. One hundred and twenty, day- old broiler chicks were wing banded, vaccinated against Marek' disease and distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) into 3 groups of 40 chicks each, which was further replicated to 4 and fed on diet containing soybean meal and those of test groups were fed diets containing alkali (1.5% NaOH) treated SKC partially replacing soybean meal nitrogen of reference diet (12.5%) without or with supplementation of methionine (0.2%). Individual body weight of chicks and replicate-wise feed intakes were recorded at weekly intervals throughout the experimental period. Feed consumption from 1 to 14, 28, 42 and 56 d of age was recorded for each replicate and feed conversion efficiency (weight gain/feed intake) for the respective period was calculated. Mortality was monitored on daily basis. On 28$^{th}$ day of experimental feeding, two birds of each replicate in each dietary group (8 birds/diet) were inoculated with 0.1 ml of a 1.0% suspension of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and the antibody titre (log 2) was measured after 5 days by the microtitre haemmagglutination procedure. After 42 days of experimental feeding, a retention study of 4 days (43-47 d) duration was conducted on all birds to determine the retention of various nutrients such as DM, N, Ca, P and GE. On 43$^{rd}$ day of experimental feeding, one representative bird from each replicate of a dietary treatment (4/dietary group) was sacrificed, after fasting for two hours with free access to water, through cervical dislocation to observe the weight of dressed carcass, primal cuts (breast, thigh, drumstick, back, neck and wing), giblet (liver, heart and gizzard), abdominal fat and digestive organs. The body weight gain of chicks fed reference diet and those fed diet incorporated with NaOH treated SKC (12.5% replacement) with or without methionine supplementation was comparable during 0 to 4 weeks of age. However, dietary incorporation of alkali processed SKC replacing 12.5% nitrogen moiety of soybean meal resulted in growth retardation, subsequently as evidenced by significantly (p<0.05) lowered body weight gain during 0 to 6 weeks of age in birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC at 6.43% without methionine as compared to those supplemented with methionine or reference diet. Dietary incorporation of alkali (1.5% NaOH) processed SKC replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen in the diet of broiler chickens had no adverse effect on feed conversion ratio during all the weeks of experimental feeding. The humoral immune response (HIR) as measured by the antibody titre in response to SRBC inoculation was comparable among all the dietary groups. No significant difference in the intake and retention of DM, N, Ca, P or GE was noted among the chicks fed reference and alkali processed SKC incorporated diets with or without methionine supplementation. None of the carcass traits varied significantly due to dietary variations, except the percent weight of liver and giblet. The percent liver weight was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the birds fed diet incorporated with alkali processed SKC as compared to that in other two groups. Thus solvent extracted karanj cake could be incorporated after alkali (1.5% NaOH, w/w) processing at an enhanced level of 6.43%, replacing 12.5% of soybean meal nitrogen, in the broiler diets up to 4 weeks of age, beyond which the observed growth depression on this diet could be alleviated by 0.2% methionine supplementation.

Dietary Selection of Fat by Heat-stressed Broiler Chickens

  • Zulkifli, I.;Htin, Nwe Nwe;Alimon, A.R.;Loh, T.C.;Hair-Bejo, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제20권2호
    • /
    • pp.245-251
    • /
    • 2007
  • A total of 160 d-old male broiler chicks (Cobb) were brooded for three weeks and then maintained at $24{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Commencing from d 21, chicks were assigned to one of four feeding regimens: (1) diet with 8% palm oil (PO), (2) diet with 8% soybean oil (SO), (3) diet without added fat (control), (4) a choice of PO, SO and control (CH). The diets were formulated to maintain a constant ratio of energy and protein. From d 28 to 41, all birds were exposed to $34{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. The PO, SO and CH birds had greater body weight than controls on d 42. The PO but not SO diet reduced mortality rate, body temperature and serum creatine kinase level of broiler chickens during heat exposure. Although the total intake of control, PO and SO diets was not significantly different during heat exposure, the CH birds had lower creatine kinase activity and mortality rate than those provided SO diet but not significantly different from the birds fed control and PO diets. The relative abdominal fat weight and breast intramuscular fat content percentage were significantly lower in the control birds than those of PO, SO and CH groups. There were no significant differences in both parameters among the three latter groups. These findings suggest that the uncertainty of how much dietary fat to put into diets for heat stressed broilers can be overcome by allowing them to select their own consumption.

Inclusion of Dried Bakery Product in High Fat Broiler Diets: Effect on Pellet Quality, Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Organ Weights

  • Catala-Gregori, P.;Garcia, V.;Madrid, J.;Orengo, J.;Hernandez, F.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제22권5호
    • /
    • pp.686-693
    • /
    • 2009
  • A 21- to 42-day feeding study was conducted in Ross male broilers to evaluate the use of dried bakery product (DBP) and the influence of adding fat at different points in the manufacturing process. Six dietary treatments were formulated using a factorial arrangement (3${\times}$2 design) with three levels of fat in the mixer (high: 4.8%, medium: 3.8% and low: 2.8%) with or without DBP (0 and 7%). Additional fat was sprayed on pellets in a post-pelleting liquid application to bring the fat content to a similar level in all diets. Data on pellet quality (before and after post-pelleting fat addition), broiler performance, nutrient digestibility and organ weights were studied. Pellets made with DBP showed higher hardness values when measured before post-pelleting fat addition (p<0.001), although DBP did not affect final pellet hardness or durability. Higher post-pelleting hardness and durability were shown by diets to which a lower level of fat had been added in the mixer (p<0.001). In general, post-pelleting fat application improved durability (p<0.05). However, broiler performance and ileal digestibility were not affected by any of the factors tested. Dietary treatments had a significant but variable effect on carcass yield (p<0.01), although there were no differences among treatments regarding breast and leg yield, abdominal fat or organ weights. The results indicate that up to 7% DBP could be used in the broiler diet without impairing performance, ileal digestibility or organ weights. The place or point of fat addition in the manufacturing process has a strong influence on pellet quality.

Effects of Ligustrum lucidum Fruits on Growth Performance, Antioxidation and Meat Quality in Arbor Acres Broilers

  • Chen, P.;Wang, A.Q.;Shan, An Shan
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제22권5호
    • /
    • pp.700-705
    • /
    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of Ligustrum lucidum (LL) on growth performance, antioxidation, and meat quality in broilers. 270 birds (1 d old) were allotted to 3 treatments with 6 replicates per treatment. The feeding program included a starter diet from d 1 to 21 of age and a grower diet from d 22 to 42 of age. The birds were given a basal corn-soybean meal diet supplemented with 0 (the control), 5 or 10 g of LL/kg, respectively. The results showed that in the starter, grower and overall phase, broilers fed with 5 or 10 g of LL/kg had better (p<0.01) average daily gain, but there were no differences in feed: gain between treatments. In the starter and overall phase, average daily feed intake of LL groups was greater (p<0.05) than that of the control, but this difference was not observed in the grower phase. Supplementation of LL significantly increased (p<0.05) superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capability in serum of chickens. In breast muscle, birds fed 5 g of LL/kg had an increase (p<0.05) in superoxide dismutase activity. The LL supplementation significantly decreased (p<0.05) malondialdehyde contents. Adding 5 or 10 g of LL/kg to the diet significantly increased pH value and reduced drip loss of meat (p<0.05). The results of this study indicated that dietary LL could improve growth performance, increase pH value and reduce drip loss of meat by decreasing lipid peroxidation and by improving antioxidative status in broilers.

건강한 모유수유 영아의 성장특성: 대구지역 '2005년 건강한 모유수유아 선발대회' 참가 대상자를 중심으로 (Growth Profiles of Breastfed Infants Participating the "Year 2005 Healthy Breastfed Baby Contest")

  • 장군자;김미예;서순림;신영희;정귀애;이인혜;김선희
    • Child Health Nursing Research
    • /
    • 제14권1호
    • /
    • pp.71-78
    • /
    • 2008
  • Despite the 12-year KNA breastfeeding campaign, the declining trend in the national breastfeeding rate has not been significantly reversed. Purpose: This investigation focused on mothers' decision to breastfeed and the physical growth profiles of breastfed infants. Methods: Participants were 146 mothers and their 5-7 months old infants participating the "Year 2005 Healthy Breastfed Baby Contest." Data were collected through interviews with mothers on their breastfeeding practice and assessment of infant growth profiles by the investigators. Results: Concerning breastfeeding practice, 76% of mothers decided to breastfeed even before their pregnancy and 92% intended to breastfeed a year or as long as baby wants and 52% planned to breastfeed solely by self-motivation from reading. The growth profiles of breastfed infants showed that for WAZ (weight-for-age Z-scores), LAZ (length-for-age Z-scores) and HCAZ (head circumference-for-age Z-scores) the breastfed infants were above the WHO percentiles for their age. Conclusion: Considering that the mothers planned to breastfeed even before pregnancy and that the physical growth of the breastfed infants was above WHO standards, the authors recommend that in future campaigns the focus should be on families who plan to have a baby.

  • PDF

Middle East Consensus Statement on the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Management of Cow's Milk Protein Allergy

  • Vandenplas, Yvan;Abuabat, Ahmed;Al-Hammadi, Suleiman;Aly, Gamal Samy;Miqdady, Mohamad S.;Shaaban, Sanaa Youssef;Torbey, Paul-Henri
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
    • /
    • 제17권2호
    • /
    • pp.61-73
    • /
    • 2014
  • Presented are guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) which is the most common food allergy in infants. It manifests through a variety of symptoms that place a burden on both the infant and their caregivers. The guidelines were formulated by evaluation of existing evidence-based guidelines, literature evidence and expert clinical experience. The guidelines set out practical recommendations and include algorithms for the prevention and treatment of CMPA. For infants at risk of allergy, appropriate prevention diets are suggested. Breastfeeding is the best method for prevention; however, a partially hydrolyzed formula should be used in infants unable to be breastfed. In infants with suspected CMPA, guidelines are presented for the appropriate diagnostic workup and subsequent appropriate elimination diet for treatment. Exclusive breastfeeding and maternal dietary allergen avoidance are the best treatment. In infants not exclusively breastfed, an extensively hydrolyzed formula should be used with amino acid formula recommended if the symptoms are life-threatening or do not resolve after extensively hydrolyzed formula. Adherence to these guidelines should assist healthcare practitioners in optimizing their approach to the management of CMPA and decrease the burden on infants and their caregivers.

신생아에서 나타난 아메바증 1례 (A case of amebiasis in the newborn period)

  • 박지영;배승영;김동환;최창희;조은영;최정훈;김선미
    • Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
    • /
    • 제14권1호
    • /
    • pp.111-115
    • /
    • 2007
  • 본 저자들은 발열과 점액성 혈변을 보인 신생아에서 대변 현미경 검사를 통해 이질아메바를 진단하고 metronidazole 경구 투약 후 증상의 호전과 이질아메바의 제거를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

  • PDF

Prevalence and risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in children with iron deficiency anemia

  • Yoon, Jung Won;Kim, Sung Woo;Yoo, Eun Gyong;Kim, Moon Kyu
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • 제55권6호
    • /
    • pp.206-211
    • /
    • 2012
  • Purpose: The increasing prevalence of breast feeding has led to concerns about vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in children. We evaluated the prevalence of VDD in a population of Korean children with IDA and assessed the risk factors for VDD in these children. Methods: A total of 79 children who were diagnosed with IDA were prospectively surveyed from April 2010 to March 2011. Data were collected by questionnaire, medical assessment, and laboratory tests, including measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), hemoglobin, and wrist radiography. Results: The median age was 22 months and 30% of the subjects were female. Over a half of subjects (58%) had subnormal vitamin D level (25OHD<30 ng/mL), and VDD (25OHD<20 ng/mL) was present in 39% of children. There was no difference in serum hemoglobin level between IDA patients with VDD and those without VDD. Most subjects (89%) were currently or had recently been breastfed and almost all subjects (97%) who had VDD received breastfeeding. Children with VDD were more likely to be younger than 2 years, to have been breastfed, and to have been tested in winter or spring. Multivariable analysis indicated seasonal variation was a significant independent risk factor for VDD in our IDA patients. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that VDD has a high prevalence in Korean children with IDA. Primary care physicians should be aware of the possibility of VDD in children with IDA and should supplement the vitamin D as well as iron.