• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2021

This study is a retrospective analysis of the results of tests at three general hospitals in Busan that perform mammography using digital mammography devices. There were 5,320 people in the study, and the results of their breast cancer screening were analyzed to verify the efficacy of breast cancer screening for digital mammography. The average age of patients who performed breast cancer screening was 57.7 years (range 30 to 87 years), and the cancer detection rate was 26, with 4.6 cases per 1,000 people. According to the cancer detection rate by risk factor in patients who conducted breast cancer screening, breast cancer was found in patients without underlying diseases more than in patients with underlying diseases. Additional ultrasound examinations show that the gastronomic rate identified is 3.6%, which is relatively very low compared to that of the Film-Screen system.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.244-246
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• 2013

Lipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that develop in areas of abundant adipose tissue. Due to the fatty composition of the breast, difficulties in diagnosis, treatment, and reconstruction are often encountered. We report a case of a 55-year-old female with a giant tumor of the right breast that comprised most of its mass, causing breast asymmetry. A thorough preoperative evaluation, followed by an uneventful difficult surgical resection and reconstruction, resulted in diagnosis of a benign lipoma. The case prompted this report because of its challenging size, location, diagnosis, and reconstructive solution.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.111-120
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• 2017

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins play substantial roles in the gene regulation of cell physiological functions and in the generation of major diseases. However, the majority of existing studies only explored a certain PTM of proteins, while very few have investigated the PTMs of two or more domains and the effects of their interactions. In this study, after collecting data regarding a large number of breast cancer-related and validated PTMs, a sequence and domain analysis of breast cancer proteins was carried out using bioinformatics methods. Then, protein-protein interaction network-related tools were applied in order to determine the crosstalks between the PTMs of the proteins. Finally, statistical and functional analyses were conducted to identify more modification sites of domains and proteins that may interact with at least two or more PTMs. In addition to exploring the associations between the interactive effects of PTMs, the present study also provides important information that would allow biologists to further explore the regulatory pathways of biological functions and related diseases.

• Journal of Breast Cancer
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.354-362
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• 2018

Cellular stress severely disrupts endoplasmic reticulum (ER) function, leading to the abnormal accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER and subsequent development of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). To accommodate the occurrence of ERS, cells have evolved a highly conserved, selfprotecting signal transduction pathway called the unfolded protein response. Notably, ERS signaling is involved in the development of a variety of diseases and is closely related to tumor development, particularly in breast cancer. This review discusses recent research regarding associations between ERS and tumor metastasis. The information presented here will help researchers elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying ERS-mediated tumor metastasis and provide new directions for tumor therapies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.22
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• pp.9607-9610
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• 2014

Breast cancer, a leading cause of death among women in most countries worldwide, is rapidly increasing in incidence in Vietnam. One of biomarkers is the disruption of the genetic material including epigenetic changes like DNA methylation. With the aim of finding hypermethylation at CpG islands of promoter of BRCA1 gene, belonged to the tumor suppressor gene family, as the biomarker for breast cancer in Vietnamese population, sensitive methyl specific PCR (MSP) was carried out on 115 samples including 95 breast cancer specimens and 20 normal breast tissues with other diseases which were obtained from Ho Chi Minh City Medical Hospital, Vietnam. The result indicated that the frequency of BRCA1 hypermethylation reached 82.1% in the cases (p<0.001). In addition, the DNA hypermethylation of this candidate gene increased the possibility to be breast cancer with high incidence via calculated odd ratios (p<0.05). In conclusion, hypermethylation of this candidate gene could be used as the promising biomarker application with Vietnamese breast cancer patients.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.678-700
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• 2023

Diagnosing breast diseases using ultrasound (US) images remains challenging because it is time-consuming and requires expert radiologist knowledge. As a result, the diagnostic performance is significantly biased. To assist radiologists in this process, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have been developed and used in practice. This type of system is used not only to assist radiologists in examining breast ultrasound images (BUS) but also to ensure the effectiveness of the diagnostic process. In this study, we propose a new approach for breast lesion localization and segmentation using a multi-scale pyramid of the ultrasound image of a breast organ and a convolutional semantic segmentation network. Unlike previous studies that used only a deep detection/segmentation neural network on a single breast ultrasound image, we propose to use multiple images generated from an input image at different scales for the localization and segmentation process. By combining the localization/segmentation results obtained from the input image at different scales, the system performance was enhanced compared with that of the previous studies. The experimental results with two public datasets confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach by producing superior localization/segmentation results compared with those obtained in previous studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.5
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• pp.1096-1108
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• 2020

The most common cause of a palpable mass or asymmetry in male breast is gynecomastia; however, male breast cancer should not be overlooked as a cause, even though it is rare. It is important to know the anatomy and frequency of diseases that affect the male breast, and the differences compared to females, to make an accurate diagnosis and reduce unnecessary examinations and surgical procedures. This review aims to summarize the algorithm of breast exam in symptomatic men, gynecomastia, and breast cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.830-845
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• 2022

The male breast is a non-functional and rudimentary organ, but similarly to the female breast, it can be affected by various diseases. In contrast to female breast cancer, male breast cancer has a low incidence, and there is no established breast cancer screening program for male patients. Therefore, the diagnostic evaluation is usually performed in male patients with symptoms such as palpability or pain in the breasts. Furthermore, most adult male patients who visit breast clinics sometimes present with not only breast symptoms but also axillary symptoms, and both the breast and axilla are usually examined during breast ultrasonography in daily clinical practice. The purpose of this pictorial essay was to present the sonographic features of various palpable breast and axillary lesions in adult male patients.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2010

Objective : This study aims to clearly define the concept of Korean medicine terminology related with breast disease that occurs during breastfeeding. It attempts to suggest aguideline so that identical terms can be used to explain the medical conditions of breast-feeders from the perspective of oriental medicine. Method : This paper is based on what is recorded in medical books. It has organized the relations between the terms grounded on the analysis of similarities and differences in the concepts of the terms contained in them. The medical book chiefly used here was "Uibangyuchwi(醫方類聚)". To organize the terms, thesaurus was utilized. Result & Conclusion : The terminology of Korean medicine related with breast disease that occurs during breastfeeding is prescribed from the aspects of the causes, affected areas, or pathological conditions. The clinically typical terms of korean medicine are 'Tuyu(妬乳)' and 'Yuong(乳癰)'. The two are distinguished by whether one has systemic symptoms or not. If one has no systemic symptom, it is 'Chwiyu(吹乳)' or 'Tuyu', and these two are distinguished by whether one has 'Chang(瘡; sores)' or not. It is significant to organize the concepts of korean medicine terminology since they are directly related with treatments in the field.

• BMB Reports
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.445-453
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• 2017

CTCF, Zinc-finger protein, has been identified as a multifunctional transcription factor that regulates gene expression through various mechanisms, including recruitment of other co-activators and binding to promoter regions of target genes. Furthermore, it has been proposed to be an insulator protein that contributes to the establishment of functional three-dimensional chromatin structures. It can disrupt transcription through blocking the connection between an enhancer and a promoter. Previous studies revealed that the onset of various diseases, including breast cancer, could be attributed to the aberrant expression of CTCF itself or one or more of its target genes. In this review, we will describe molecular dysfunction involving CTCF that induces tumorigenesis and summarize the functional roles of CTCF in breast cancer.