• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.244-249
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• 2010

This study was conducted to define the optimal Lycium chinense miller washing method for developing the Lycium chinense cleaner and we analyzed the Lycium chinense miller washing characteristics for removing pesticides and microorganism according to washing methods; habitual washing method, air bubble washing method and nozzle spray washing method. The results were summarized as follows; 1. In case of measuring physical properties according to the varieties, maximum yield strength of Hokwang was 2.562 kgf, minimum yield strength of Hokwang was 0.269 kgf and average yield strength was about 1 kgf. 2. In case of measuring change of bacteria according to washing methods, the number of bacteria of non-washing method was more than the number of bacteria of habitual washing method or mechanical washing method and the number of nozzle spray washing method was least. 3. Ahjoksiseuteurobin of 0.218 ppm was detected in the untreated sample, 0.051 ppm was detected in the habitual washing method, 0.047 ppm was detected in the air bubble washing method and 0.034 ppm was detected in nozzle spray washing method. Every amount detected were less than 2 ppm that is reference value and the detected amount was least in case of nozzle spay cleaning method. Cypermethrin of 0.772 ppm was detected in the non-cleaned sample, 0.089ppm was detected in habitual washing method, 0.26 ppm was detected in the air bubble washing method and 0.292 ppm was detected in the nozzle spray washing method. Every detected amount of Cypermethrin were less than 5 ppm that is reference value and the detected amount was least in case of habitual washing method.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.308-314
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted out to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on callus and shoot formation. The callus formation was effective on 1/2 MS medium containing 2,4-D, while shoot formation was suppressed. Shoot formation and differentiation were the highest in combination 0.1 mg/L of IAA and 0.1 mg/L of BA. The polarity of explants was investigated from cotyledon, which excised 20% of each basal and terminal parts. Formation of shoot was induced from excised ends of the basal part. In excised ends of the basal part, callus was induced vigorously and shoots were produced lately. Root induction was easily achieved in 1/3 MS medium from the adventitious shoot and more than 90% of regenerated plantlets acclimatized successfully and flowered normally.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2012

Protein content of waxy corn hybrids ranged from 9.3 to 17.1%, and amylopectin content ranged from 83.9 to 94.5%. Three waxy corn hybrids including CNU043 showed less than 10 percent in protein content, and seven waxy corn hybrids including CNU052 were higher than 94% at the amylopectin content. At the amylogram test the ranges of the pasting temperature, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, cool viscosity, breakdown, setback, and consistency were 71.6~$77.5^{\circ}C$, 58~210 RVU, 36.1~114.2 RVU, 47~145 RVU, 21.4~97.8 RVU, -66.4~-9.6 RVU, and 11.1~36.3 RVU, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.5_6
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• pp.59-63
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• 1968

This Paper deals With the biology and the life Cycle of Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA. 1. The host of Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA is Lycium chinense MILL (Boxthorn), Solanum nigrum LINNE(Morel) and Capacium annum LINNE(Red pepper) etc. 2. Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA is migrated and propagated by physical carriers. The direction of the wind has a great influence upon migration and dispersal. 3. The number of e99s deposited by a adult female is $28.5\pm0.449$ egg period is $7.0\pm0.447$ and larval period is $4.33\pm0.667$ days respectively. 4. The size of gall diameter on the leaf of Lycium Chinense MILL after boring in each date by Eriophyes kuke KISHIDA is as follows, 1st day after boring is $290.5\pm0.3415\mu$ End 25st day after boring is $3260.5\pm0.5157\mu$ in average. 5. Adult periods are from 25 to 30 days and the egg laying period is 6 days. 6. Eriophyes kuko KISHIDA has 6 to 7 generations in a year, and hibernate they over winter in the gall as an adult. The first adult appears in late May.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.183-188
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• 1996

For the scientific approaches and quality control of aloe wine as fundamental studies of industrialization and quality improvement, change of barbaloin content during the fermentation period and various characteristics of aloe wine were investigated. Alcohol of 6.35, 9.6%, and 11.3% in the 0.5% concentration of aloe powder was produced from 15%, 20%, and 25% addition of sugar in the wine mash, respectively, As the content of aloe powder is increased, production of alcohol was slightly decreased, indicating aloe powder might contain antimicrobial activity. The content of barbaloin in the 0.5% concentration of aloe powder was 4.2 mg/ml, 4.6 mg/ml and 2.21 mg/ml after 7, 10 and 30 day, respectively. The tasty characteristics of aloe wine brewed with aloe powder of 1.5% and 2.0% were most acceptable to the sensory panels.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.421-433
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• 2012

This study was carried out to survey the vascular plants in 6 regions including around Hopo-Bridge of Yangsan region at waterfronts of Nakdong river, Korea. Distributed plants were surveyed from April to November, 2011. The vascular plants in 6 regions (around Mulgeum-chuisujang, Mulgeum-station, Jeungsan-ri, Hopo-bridge, Kumoh-bridge and lower part of Yangsan-stream) were total 135 taxa of 3 divisions, 4 classes, 37 orders, 66 families, 116 genera, 114 species, 2 subspecies and 19 varieties. The most number of species is Campanulales of 14.1% in Dicotyledoneae of 81.5% among total species. Regional distribution of species is mainly around Mulgeum-chuisujang and Jeungsan-ri as 61% among total species, and other regions is in 24 ~ 44%. Ecologically, there were herbaceous plants 75% and woody plants 25%, and 9 species of aquatic plants in herbaceous plants. Medicinal (herbal) plants included in KP (The Korean Pharmacopoeia) and KHP (The Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia) were 56 species including Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq.) A. De Candolle, Peucedanum japonicum Thunberg and etc., and folk herb plants were 14 species including Metaplexis japonica Makino, Commelina communis Linn$\acute{e}$ and etc. among total 135 species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.15-18
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• 2002

Callus and shoot formation of leaf explants from in vitro propagated shoots and field grown plants depending on the position of leaf, and four boxthron cultivars were investigated. Callus formation of explants from both in vitro shoot and field grown plants as easily achieved at the cut surfaces of explants but the callus formed from leaf of in vitro shoots was hardened as the duration of culture was proceed. Calli were effectively induced from leaves detached from the middle position of both in vitro and in vitro plants on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L NAA with 0.2 mg/L BA, and the growth of calli were better in field grown leaves than in vitro grown leaves. Shoot formation were effectively induced from leaves detached from the upper position in vitro plants, and the middle parts of in vitro plants on MS medium containing 0.01 mg/L (NAA with 0.2 mg/ BA. There was difference on the frequency of shoot formation among four different cultivars; 'Jindojaerae' was the best for shoot formation followed by 'Cheonyang', 'Younghagukija' and 'Cheongyangjaerae'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.851-858
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• 2016

The effective components of Schisandra chinensis are lignans (schizandrins and gomisins), which have various physiological functionalities such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. This study was carried out to determine the different parts of fruits in Schisandra chinensis to elevate their usefulness. Schisandra chinensis was separated into skin (epicarp), pulp (mesocarp), and seeds, and raw Omija and hot-dried Omija (HDO) were used as control. The most abundant component was nitrogen free extract (6.88~56.70%) followed by crude lipids (1.65~19.04%). The main mineral was K (383.10~2,024.10 mg/100 g), except in seeds where P was the main mineral. The main lignan in all parts of fruit was schizandrin, and the highest content of schizandrin was 9.46 mg/g in dried seeds. Total lignan content was 25.97 mg/g and 14.97 mg/g in dried seeds and HDO, respectively. A total of 17 components of fatty acids in seeds and HDO were detected, of which linoleic acid (72.66~73.78%), oleic acid (14.78~17.39%), palmitic acid (2.88~3.54%), and capric acid (1.70~4.93%) were determined as the major components. Main lignans and fatty acids of Schisandra chinensis fruit contain mainly seeds. Therefore, it is more efficient to use seeds than pulp and extract of fruit itself to use the components of Omija.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.250-261
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• 2003

This experiment was carried out to examine the fermentation properties of yogurt with Lycii fructus, Lycii folium and Lycii cortex powder, and extract additives at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0%. Lactic acid bacteria was used in a mixed starter culture of Streptococcus salivarius ssp. thermophilus(ST36) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus(LB12). When the boxthorn was added with extract types, the changes of pH, acidity and lactic acid bacteria counts of yogurt during the fermenation of 3 hours were pH 5.64, titratable acidity 0.85%, 5.80xl0$\^$6/cfu/ml of viable cell counts for control yogurt, whereas those were pH 4.10∼5.06, titratable acidity 0.98∼1.27%, 1.80∼9.60x10$\^$7/ cfu/ml of viable cell counts for Lycii fructus extract yogurt. The lactose hydrolysis ratio was better for 1.0% Lycii fructus extract yogurt(42.00%) and 1.0% Lycii folium extract yogurt(41.46%) than for control yogurt(28.40%). Also, content of lactic acid of 1.0% Lycii fructus(11.9 times) and 1.0% Lycii folium extract yogurt(10.6 times) produced more than control yogurt(7.3 times). The viscosity of yogurt was better for boxthorn extract yogurt(1,027∼1,382 cps) than for control yogurt(975cps). The sensory scores of color, taste and overall acceptability of yogurt with 0.5, and 1.0% Lycii fructus extract additive were better than other groups. The yogurts made with increased Lycii fructus extract concentration(0.5∼6.0%), showed the increase of lactic acid, titratable acidity, number of lactic acid bacteria, viscosity and lactose hydrolysis rate compared to the treatments of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0% Lycii folium and Lycii cortex extract and powder yogurt. We gained excellent results from the yogurt to which Lycii fructus extract was added with 0.51.0% concentration.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2013

This study examined radiation detection characteristics of spices (cumin, caper and turmeric), other small fruits (hut-gae berry and boxthorn), and pollen extract product. Each samples were irradiated at dose of 1, 5, and 10 kGy and analyzed by the thermoluminescence (TL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods. To compare between non-irradiated and irradiated food, all samples were irradiated with $^{60}Co$ gamma-ray source. In TL analysis, most of samples could be applied to detect irradiated foods because of showing TL ratio above 0.1. The glow curves examined by TL method were estimated in the range of $150{\sim}250^{\circ}C$ in irradiated samples. In ESR measurements, the intensity of ESR signal (single-line) increased as the increase of irradiation dose. In particular, the specific ESR signals of irradiation-induced radical were detected in hut-gae berry and pollen extract product. As a results, it is considered that TL and ESR methods can be used to detect both hut-gae berry and pollen extract product. But cumin, caper, turmeric and boxthorn irradiated with gamma ray could be detected only by TL method. It is concluded that TL and ESR methods are suitable for detection of irradiated samples and a combined method is recommendable for enhancing the reliability of detection results.