• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1297-1309
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of shirt color, tie color, tone, perceiver' gender on impression formation by applying tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie: coloration of two colors. This experiment was designed to utilize the $2{\times}6{\times}4{\times}2$ factorial designs. and they are shirt color(red, blue), tie color(red, yellow red, yellow, green, blue, purple), tone(vivid, light, dull, dark), and perceiver' gender(a male, a female). The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The stimuli were 48 upper body photographs which were color outputs by CAD system(4D-box program). The subjects of this research were 288 male and 288 female college students. There were established impression dimension from factor analysis 27 bi-polar adjectives and investigated the effect of interaction between each variable affected impression formations. The items of the adjectives are classified into 4 Impression dimensions: activity, potency, attractiveness, and tenderness. Shirt color, tie color, tone, and perceiver' gender influenced on impression formation. Specially, tie color and tone influenced on the 4 impression dimension greatly by interaction as well as independently. As a result tie is very important clue of impression formation in tone-in-tone coloration of shirt and necktie. Even though tie occupies only a small area in men's clothes it has great effect since it is close to the face.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.29-36
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• 2004

In this work, the effect of composite couplings on hub loads of a hingeless rotor in forward flight is investigated. The hingeless composite rotor blade is idealized as a laminated thin-walled box-beam. The nonclassical effects such as transverse shear, torsional warping are considered in the structural formulation. The nonlinear differential equations of motion are obtained by applying Hamilton's principle. The blade response and hub loads are calculated using a finite element formulation in space and time. The aerodynamic forces acting on the blade are calculated by quasi-steady strip theory. The theory includes the effects of reversed flow and compressibility. The magnitude of elastic couplings obtained by MSC/NASTRAN is compared with the classical pitch-flap $({\delta}3)$ or $pitch-lag({\alpha}1)$ coupling. It is found that the elastic couplings have a substantial effect on the behavior of $N_b/rev$ hub loads. Nearly 10 to 40% of hub loads is reduced by appropriately tailoring the fiber orientation angles in the laminae of the composite blade.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2005

The KOMPSAT-1 satellite, launched into a circular sun synchronous orbit on Dec. 21, 1999, entered its$6^{th}$year of successful operation this year. The purposes of the mission are to collect earth images (6.6 m resolution), multi-spectral images of the ocean, and to collect information on the particle environment of the low earth orbit. For normal operation, KOMPSAT-1 orbits are determined using GPS navigation solutions. However, at the start of the life of KOMPSAT-1, the 11-year solar activity cycle was at a maximum. Solar flux was maintained at this level until 2002, and thereafter reduced to a moderate level by 2004. Thus, the OD (Orbit Determination) accuracy has varied according to the solar activity. This paper presents the degree to which the OD accuracy could be degraded during a high solar activity period compared with that of a (relatively) low solar activity period. We investigated the effect of the use of solve-for parameters such as a drag coefficient ($C_D$), solar radiation coefficient ($C_R$), and the general accelerations ($G_A$) on OD accuracy with solar activity. For the evaluation of orbit determination accuracy, orbit overlap comparison is used since no independent orbits of comparable accuracy are available for comparison. The effect of the use of a box-wing model instead of a constant cross-sectional area is also investigated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.229-232
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• 2005

현재 디지털방송 서비스가 확대되고 있는 시점에서 방송콘텐츠 보호에 대한 중요성이 날로 부각되고 있다. 이에 MPEG-2 IPMP는 디지털방송 서비스를 제공받아 소비하는 방송 단말로부터 방송콘텐츠를 불법적으로 사용할 수 없도록 보호할 수 있게 정의하고 있는 대표적인 국제 표준 규격이다. IPMP 규격을 기반으로 한 방송 단말을 구현함에 있어 보호된 방송콘텐츠를 IPMP 툴로 처리하여 소비하게 되는데 만약 방송 단말에 IPMP 툴이 없다면 방송되고 있는 MPEG-2 전송스트림이나 원격지에서 필요한 IPMP 툴을 다운로드 받아 방송 단말에 업데이트를 시켜야 한다. 이때 방송 단말에서 위와 같은 기능이 구현되기 위해서는 구체적인 소프트웨어 설계 방식을 통해 다양한 플랫폼에 대해 구현된 기능에 대한 재사용성이나 호환성을 확보하는 것이 효율적이다. 하지만 점차적으로 복잡해지고 다양해지는 멀티미디어 기기들의 기능들을 위해 탑재되는 소프트웨어 역시 복잡해지고 있어 그 재사용성이나 호환성이 떨어지고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 소프트웨어의 재사용성이나 호환성을 최대한 보장할 수 있도록 현재 MPEG(ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29/WG11)에서 표준화가 진행 중인 MPEG Multimedia Middleware(M3W) 규격을 기반으로 한 소프트웨어 설계 방식을 살펴보고, 디지털방송 단말에서 IPMP 툴 업데이트 기능이 효율적으로 설계되고 구현될 수 있는 소프트웨어 구조를 제안하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.239-244
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• 2006

최근 인터넷에서 많은 관심을 보이고 있는 개인 미디어(UCC;User Created, Contents, VC2;Viewer Created Contents, 이하 UCC-사용자가 직접 제작한 미디어 콘텐츠를 불특정 다수에게 제공하는 서비스) 중에 비디오/오디오 콘텐츠를 영상 콘텐츠의 기본적인 매체라 할 수 있는 TV상에서 직접 즐길 수 있다면 미디어의 대상과 그 미디어의 Entertainment적인 효과는 배가될 것이다. 디지털 케이블 방송에서 UCC와 같은 다양하고 많은 미디어 콘텐츠를 디지털 TV상에서 서비스를 하고자 한다면 현재의 OCAP(OpenCable Application Plat form)기반에서는 RVOD(Real Video on Demand)와 동일한 서비스 모델을 가져야 하는 부담과 UCC 제공을 위한 방송 플랫폼별 인터페이스가 필요할 것이다. 이러한 문제점을 Return Path를 통한 RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol;RFC1889)을 이용해서 기존의 VoD(Video on Demand)스트림의 대역에서 분리하고 별도의 VOD프로토콜을 구현함으로써 라이브 방송환경과 동일한 인프라의 지속적인 확장보다는 일반적인 네트워크 프로토콜을 이용하여 VoD서비스를 위한 인프라에 많은 영향을 받지 않는 서비스가 가능할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 RTP를 위한 Set-Top-Box상의 다운로드 가능한 구조의 클래스 분석과 클라이언트 대응의 UCC Transcoding 및 전송을 위한 스트리밍 서버의 설계에 중점을 두고 경량화 된 VOD서비스 및 시스템을 설계함으로써 방송환경 하에 On-Demand서비스의 효율적인 확장성과 보다 많은 콘텐츠 등록 및 활용의 기회를 가져올 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.987-993
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• 2013

Korean Utility Helicopter(KUH) is the first korean-developed helicopter. Its first flight was performed in March 2010 and then its development was completed successfully by June 2012. During flight test phase, KUH faced various vibration problems and appropriate vibration-reduction devices were designed and applied to solve the problems. The vibration-reduction devices were applied to main rotor blades, main gear box(MGB) supporting structure, cockpit, cabin and pilot seats to reduce rotor-induced 4/rev vibration. Also, dome-fairing was introduced in order to reduce the tail-shake vibration. This paper shows design technique and flight test results for vibration-reduction devices that have been incorporated into KUH.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.636-650
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• 2008

DTV has a great advantage as compared to Analog TV in picture quality under low reception field strength. Various high quality tuners have been developed to result in much smaller Noise Figure of the receivers and many trials for receiving DTV signal through indoor antenna. In this paper, results of intensive field tests on the indoor reception of DTV are presented. Tests were carried out around Seoul-Gyeonggi Metropolitan area. Commercial directional and omni-directional antennas and 5th generation receiver were used for reception availability tests. The effects of heights, locations, and types of the house as well as the distance to the transmitter on the reception performances are analyzed. Our test results will be applied to improve the indoor reception environment of DTV.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2001

Recognizing interaction between the environment and humans, the EIA(environmental impact assessment) movement has sought to promote more environmentally sound and informed decisions for the sake of human welfare. Therefore, most EIA programs require the consideration of human health impacts. Yet relatively few EIA documents adequately address those impacts. This study was carried out to investigate the role of EIA for reuniting the environment and human health, for preventing and reducing significant health risks, and for improving human health impact assessment by means of risk assessment. Risk assessment consists of 4 components; hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. Since most people spent their times in indoor, indoor air quality modelling can be used in exposure assessment and risk assessment. In this study, indoor $NO_2$ concentration and personal $NO_2$ exposure were estimated by Box Model using mass balance equation and time weighted average, respectively. The estimated indoor $NO_2$ concentration and the personal $NO_2$ exposure were compared by those measured, respectively. Subsequntly, health effect was assessed with these results. Consequently, exposure assessment and risk assessment using indoor air quality model may be considered to be applicable to EIA.

• School Mathematics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.275-296
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• 2012

This study investigated elementary school students' understanding of basic functional relationships. It analyzed the written responses from a total of 2087 students of second, fourth, and sixth graders using tests that examined their understanding of five types of functional relationships. The results of this study showed that students tended to be more successful as their grades went up with regard to all the problem types. There were statistically differences among the three grade levels. Even lower graders were quite successful in dealing with additive relation, direct proportion, and inverse proportion. However the items dealing with square relation and linear relation were difficult even to sixth graders. It was common that students were good at completing the table by looking for a pattern from the given numbers but that they had difficulties in anticipating the value of 'y' when the value of 'x' is given either as a big number or as a symbol. Given these results, this paper includes issues and implications on how to foster functional thinking ability at the elementary school.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2011

Access to health care is complicated to define. It is a multidimensional process. In addition to the matters of quality of care, geographical accessibility and availability of the right type of care, finance, and acceptability are all involved. The purposes of this paper are to measure the geographic distances between patient residency locations and health service organizations in which the patients hadvisited, and to investigate the association between geographical distance measures and variables involved in health service utilization. The study used the first and the second wave of the 2008 Korea Health Panel Survey. The samples of analyses were patients who had visited outpatient or used ambulatory health services, and the total observations (visit numbers) analyzed were 229,128. We divided the samples into a frequent-visit illness group (Group 1) and a non-frequent visit illness group (Group 2) based on over 5,000 total visit numbers. We exploited three level analyses using xtmixed of STATA${\Box}$ 11.1 command with/without interaction terms among age, sex, and occupation. Geographical distances were measured using the Haversine method. Group 1 was tended to older and lower equivalent income than those of Group 2, but the geographic difference were not observed in terms of area deprivation index and standard mortality ratios. Amongst group 1, diabetes mellitus patients travelled far to visit health care organizations, and arthritis patients were more deprived in terms of the personal and areal characteristics. The study revealed that residents in rural areas traveled about 10 times more long distances than those whom lived in larger cities after adjusting for various variables, which we used for analyses. This study contributed to the practical understanding of health service utilizations using empirical analyses, and found that the types of diseases and socioeconomic characteristics of patients tended to define the amount of travel distance to healthcare organizations.