• 대한본초학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 2017

Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effects of Angelicae sinensis Radix on longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. We have screened traditional medicinal herbs to develop the longitudinal bone growth stimulator by well-established rat model. A. sinensis was identified as one of the effective herbs in the screening process. Methods : Adolescent female rats were administered A. sinensis at doses of 30 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days. To observe the rate of longitudinal bone growth, tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally on day 8 to stain a fluorescent band on the anew formed bone. To elucidate the mode of action, we observed insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression after A. sinensis administration in growth plate. Results : In the 300 mg/kg A. sinensis group, the length between the proximal endpoint of the tetracycline label and the division line between growth plate and bone was significantly increased compared with vehicle-treated control group. Height of the proximal tibial growth plate was higher in the A. sinensis group compared with control group. A. sinensis also upregulated the expressions of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in the proliferative zone and hypertrophic zone of the proximal tibial growth plate. Conclusions : A. sinensis increases longitudinal bone growth rate in rats. According to immunohistochemistry, A. sinensis increases local IGF-1 and BMP-2 expressions in the growth plate which can be considered as direct stimulation of GH on the local growth plate.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘텐츠학회 2009년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1124-1129
• /
• 2009

골절 후 골 유합에 대한 미세직류전류 자극의 효과를 관찰하기 위하여 체중 2.5~3 ㎏내외의 6개월 령 뉴질랜드 웅성토끼 24마리를 대상으로 경골 골절 후 미세전류 자극을 적용한 실험군과 비적용군인 대조군으로 나누어 3일, 7일, 14일 및 28일 후 BMP-4에 대한 면역조직화학적 염색을 실행하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. BMP-4의 발현은 비침습식 미세전류를 적용한 실험군과 자연치유군인 대조군 모두 시간이 경과함에 따라 통계학적으로 유의하게 증가하다가 감소되었다. 그러나 실험군에서 경골 골절 3일 후 대조군은 하버씨계의 간질층판을 중심으로 약한 갈색의 면역양성반응(+)을 보였으나 실험군의 경우 중등도의 면역양성반응(++)을 보였다. 경골 골절 7일 후 대조군은 하버씨계의 동심원과 간질층판을 중심으로 중등도의 갈색의 면역양성반응(++)을 보였으나 실험군의 경우 바깥층판을 포함하여 매우 강한 갈색의 면역양성반응(++++)을 보였다. 경골 골절 14일 후 대조군은 하버씨계의 간질층판과 동심원을 중심으로 강한 갈색의 면역양성반응(+++)을 보였으며 실험군 또한 강한 면역양성반응(+++)을 보였다. 그 후 점차 감소하여 경골 골절 28일 후 대조군은 하버씨계의 간질층판을 중심으로 약한 갈색의 면역양성반응(+)을 보였으나 실험군의 경우 중등도의 면역양성반응(++)을 보였다. 위의 결과로 보면 골절 후 미세전류를 비침습적으로 적용할 때 치유과정 초기에 골형성단백질인 BMP-4의 발현을 증가시켜 골절 치유를 촉진시킴을 알 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.325-336
• /
• 2000

Bone morphogenetic protein-2/4 are members of Transforming Growth Factor-$\beta$(TGF-$\beta$) superfamily and they may induce formation of cartilage and bone in vivo. This study was performed to investigate the cellular target and period of action of BMP-2/4 and understanding of actions of BMP-2/4 at cellular level. The appearance of BMP-2/4 during healing of mandibular and periodontal defect in rat was evaluated immunohistochemically. 40 Sprague-Dawley strain white male rats, each weighing about 300gm were used. Bony defect was performed in the mandible and they were sacrificed at the day of 3rd, 10th, 20th, 30th after operation. The specimens were harvested and examined histologically and immunohistochemically by localization of anti-BMP-2/4. The results were as follows: 1. Woven bone was observed at 10th day and perfect healing of defect with compact bone and periodontal ligment space at 30th day. 2. Osteoprogenitor cells, osteoblastic cells and periosteum were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 10th day. 3. Cells of bone marrow space and surface cells of osteocytes and cementoblasts were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 20th day. 4. Newly formed osteocytes and cementocytes were positive reaction to immunohistochemical stain at 30th day. From the above findings, we could conclude that BMP-2/4 acted significant roles as factors of induction, proliferation and differentiation during bone healing process.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.244-253
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the healing in the grafted calvarial defects of rats after adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight, 250-300 g) were randomly divided into two treatment groups: with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO; n=14) and without HBO (NHBO; n=14). Each group was further subdivided according to the bone substitute applied: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP; n=7) and surface-modified BCP (mBCP; n=7). The mBCP comprised BCP coated with Escherichia-coli-derived recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (ErhBMP-2) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Two symmetrical circular defects (6-mm diameter) were created in the right and left parietal bones of each animal. One defect was assigned as a control defect and received no bone substitute, while the other defect was filled with either BCP or mBCP. The animals were allowed to heal for 4 weeks, during which those in the HBO group underwent 5 sessions of HBO. At 4 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and the defects were harvested for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. Results: Well-maintained space was found in the grafted groups. Woven bone connected to and away from the defect margin was formed. More angiogenesis was found with HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 (P<0.05). None of the defects achieved complete defect closure. Increased new bone formation with HBO or EGCG/BMP-2 was evident in histologic evaluation, but it did not reach statistical significance in histometric analysis. A synergic effect between HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 was not found. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the present findings indicate that adjunctive HBO and EGCG/BMP-2 could be beneficial for new bone formation in rat calvarial defects.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.501-508
• /
• 2017

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)는 다양한 세포기능을 조절하는 중요한 사이토카인 중 하나이다. 최근 BMP와 일주기 유전자들이 연관되어 있다는 연구결과들이 보고되고 있지만 조골세포에서 일주기 유전자인 Per1의 역할은 아직 명확하지 않다. 본 연구에서는 조골세포 분화에서 Per1의 역할을 조사하였다. MC3T3-E1 세포에서 BMP2 처리에 의해 Per1 mRNA 발현과 luciferase 활성이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 Per1 과발현 실험을 통해서 Per1 유전자가 Runx2, ALP, OC의 발현을 증가시켰으며 ascorbic acid와 ${\beta}$-glycerophosphate에 의한 ALP 염색과 석회화가 Per1 과발현에 의해 더욱 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과는 일주기 리듬을 조절하는 Per1 유전자가 조골세포의 분화를 촉진하는 인자로 작용함을 시사한다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제35권6호
• /
• pp.353-359
• /
• 2013

Purpose: Extensive research is actively ongoing for development of an ideal bone substitute that meets the gold standard. Tooth was selected as a donor site for evaluation of potentials in bone substitutes based on its similar chemical compositions to alveolar bone. Previous studies have evaluated inorganic components of autogenous tooth bone graft material (AutoBT) and osteoconductivity. In continuation from the previous studies, the current study was conducted for analysis of organic components and evaluation of osteoinductivity of AutoBT. Methods: Forty-six extracted teeth were collected from actual patients (Korea Tooth Bank, R&D Institute). Extracted teeth were processed into AutoBT and implanted in dorsal subcutaneous muscular tissues of 15 athymic mice. Biopsy samples were harvested at two, five, and eight weeks. The Bradford assay, sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gradient gel, and western blotting were performed for investigation of organic contents of AutoBT. Results: Histology analyses showed signs of new bone formation as early as two weeks. Results of the Bradford assay indicated the existence of noncollagenous proteins (NCP). 0.29% (2.89 mg/g) of proteins were extracted by weight in the root portion of AutoBT; 0.02% (0.029 mg/g) and 1.79% (17.93 mg/g) of proteins were measured by weight in crown and block-form of AutoBT, respectively. However, recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was not observed in AutoBT. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the current study, AutoBT induced new bone formation by NCP embedded in dentin.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.70-76
• /
• 2011

Bone remodeling is a dynamic process involving a constant balance between osteoclast-induced bone resorption and osteoblast-induced bone formation. Osteoclasts play a crucial homeostatic role in skeletal modeling and remodeling, and destroy bone in many pathological conditions. Previously, we reported that the hexane soluble fraction of Ficus carica inhibited osteoclast differentiation. Poly unsaturated fatty acids, such as ethyl docosahexaenoate (E-DHA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), cis-11,14-eicosadienoic acid (EDA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), were identified from the hexane soluble fraction of Ficus carica. Among them, E-DHA most potently inhibited osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. E-DHA reduced the activities of JNK and NF-$\kappa}B$. E-DHA suppressed the expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1). Interestingly, DHA increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase and expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) more than E-DHA in MC3T3-E1 cells, suggesting that DHA may induce osteoblast differentiation. The data suggests that a combination of E-DHA and DHA has potential use in the treatment of diseases involving abnormal bone lysis, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal bone erosion.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.303-311
• /
• 2013

In this study, we compared the efficiency of osteoblast differentiation media (ODM) containing three distinct reagent combinations in osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) in monolayer culture. In addition, we analyzed growth and differentiation of hBMSCs on silk scaffolds and examined the bone-forming activity of a nanofibrous silk scaffold in a tibia diaphysis defect model of a rat hind limb with intramedullary nailing. Although all three ODM increased alkaline phosphatase activity to a comparable extent, the ODM containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was found to be significantly less effective in promoting mineral deposition than the others. Growth of hBMSCs on sponge-form silk scaffolds was faster than on nanofibrous ones, while osteoblastic differentiation was apparent in the cells grown on either type of scaffold. By contrast, bone formation was observed only at the edge of the nanofibrous scaffold implanted in the tibia diaphysis defect, suggesting that use of the silk scaffold alone is not sufficient for the reconstitution of the long bone defect. Since silk scaffolds can support cell growth and differentiation in vitro, loading MSCs on scaffolds might be necessary to improve the bone-forming activity of the scaffold in the long bone defect model.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제55권6호
• /
• pp.617-629
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 속단으로부터 단일 화합물로 분리한 Hed의 조골세포 활성 효능과 작용 기전 규명을 위해 수행되었다. Hed는 MC3T3-E1 세포의 증식과 ALP 효소 활성을 자극하여 세포외 기질에 인산과 칼슘 이온 침착을 증가시켰다. Hed는 BMP-2/Smad 신호 전달 경로를 활성화하여 Runx2, ALP, OPN 및 ProCOL의 mRNA와 단백질 발현을 유의하게 증가시켜 조골세포의 성숙과 분화를 유도하였다. 따라서 본 연구결과 Hed는 조골세포 활성 효능을 가진 것으로 판단되며 항골다공증 기능성 소재로의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.248-255
• /
• 2022

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a green leafy vegetable, is well known as a functional food due to its biological activities. Vascular calcification is associated with several disease conditions including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is known to raise the risk of cardiovascular diseases related morbidity and mortality. However, there are no previous studies that have investigated the effects of fermented spinach exract (FSE) against aortic and its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, this study investigated the effects and action of possible mechanisms of FSE on inorganic phosphate (PI)-induced vascular calcification in ex vivo mouse aortic rings. PI increased vascular calcification through calcium deposition in ex vivo aortic rings. FSE inhibited calcium accumulation and osteogenic key marker, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) protein expression in ex vivo aortic rings. And, FSE inhibited PI-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 phosphorylation in ex vivo aortic rings. These results show that FSE can prevent vascular calcification which may be a crucial way for the prevention and treatment of vascular disease association with vascular calcification.