• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2006

The demand of the bulk emulsion explosives is being increased more and more by using the mechanization loading system in a domestic tunnel sites. Thus, a rational design criteria that is suitable for rock and circumstance condition has been required. In this study, authors investigated a optimum specific charging weight and resonable charging weight based on domestic blasting construction cases, which were performed by using a mechanization bulk emulsion explosives loading system up to now. Authors also analyzed the blasting results and got the following formula $({\Upsilon}= 0.669 + (0.0154{\times}RMR),\;r=0.81)$ from the relationship between a optimum specific charging weight of bulk exp. and rock mass rating. A range of resonable charging weight with a drilling depth is calculated considering a rock conditions.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.16 no.5 s.64
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• pp.413-421
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• 2006

In order to explain entirely dynamic fracture process induced by blasting in rock mass, it needs to consider detonation pressure and gas pressure acting on blasthole wall simultaneously. In this study, prior to simulating the coupling between gas flow and rock mass, we analyzed effects of gas pressure-time history, length of cracks and equation of state adopted to calculate the gas pressure on the gas flow within a radial fracture created by single-hole blasting. The effects were investigated on two assumptions: (a) the radial fracture was composed of 5 cracks which were 0.01 m in length and 0.001 m in asperity each and (b) the PETN explosive which diameter was 36 mm was charged in a blasthole of 45 mm diameter. It was concluded that the maximum gas pressure and its travel time were dependent on characteristics of charged explosives and geometrical properties of radial fracture.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.15-29
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• 2020

In this paper the Hoek-Brown (HB) failure criterion is integrated into the Holmquist-Johnson-Cook (HJC) concrete material model to reflect the inherent characteristics of field rock masses in LS-DYNA blast modeling. This is intended to emphasize the distinctive characteristics of field rock masses that usually have many geological discontinuities. The replacement is made only for the static strength part of the HJC material model by using a statistical curve fitting technique, and its procedure is described in detail. An example is also given to illustrate the use of the obtained HJC material model. Computation is performed for a plane strain model of a single-hole blasting on a field limestone by using the combination of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) technique and the multi-material arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (MMALE) method in LS-DYNA.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.207-213
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• 2020

Umbrella Arch Method (UAM) often employed in the tunnel construction under poor rock mass conditions in Korea. Insertion of steel pipes at the periphery of the tunnel and infiltration of grouts along the pipes into the rock masses increases tunnel stability. There are two major effects of grouts expected at the tunnel face: 1) increase of face stability by enhancing the frictional resistance of discontinuities and 2) decrease of permeability along the rock masses. Increase of resistance and decrease of permeability requires a certain curing time for the grout. In Korea, we require 24 hours for curing of grout, which means no progress of excavation for 24 hours after infiltration of grouts. This step delays the tunnel construction sequences. To eliminate such inefficiency, we propose MTG (Method for Tunnel construction using Grouting technology), which uses extended length of steel pipes (14 m) compared to conventional pipe roof method (12 m). The merit of MTG is the reduction of curing time. Because of the approximately 2 m extension of the length of steel pipe, blasting can be done after infiltration of grouting. For this paper, we conducted experiments on the shear strength behaviors of grout infilled rock joint with elapsing of curing time and blasting induced vibration. The results show that blasting induced vibration under MTG does not influence the mechanical features of grout material, which indicates no influence on the mechanical behaviors of grout, contributing to the stability of tunnels during excavation. This result indicates that MTG is a cost effective and fast construction method for tunneling in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.343-350
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the KSEE Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.167-184
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• 2006

There is cattle shed and house structure of a country village in the vicinity of the construction site. that is why the environmental effect evaluation on blasting had been done in advance to prevent any harm to those from the work. As the result, it is impossible to apply to the blasting method, and the Super wedge method, a kind of a rock-splitting method which there is no secondary breaking by a breaker of the methods breaking &excavating rock according to the classification of the blasting method by the ministry of construction & transpotation, applied to decrease noise and vibration, and to the work classification, the extent of noise and vibration measured with the instrument only for noise(SC-310c) and with the instrument only for vibration(BLASTMATE) respectively. A drilling, splitting, collecting, loading works at the closest point(about 10m) is barely possible on the consideration of vibration to the result of measurement, but carefulness needs on moving of equipment. On the case of noise, even drilling, collecting, loading work except splitting at the comparatively close point(about 20m) is difficult. So, the method breaking &excavating rock according to the classification of the blasting method by the ministry of construction & transpotation has to apply in consideration of noise level in accordance with the work processing.

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.15-20
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• 2017

In order to obtain the dynamic response behavior of the rock subjected to blasting loading, a shock-proof high sensitivity impact sensor which can measure high frequency dynamic force and strain events should be adopted. Because the impact sensors which uses quartz and piezoelectric element are costly, generally the strain measurement-based impact (SMI) sensors are applied to high speed loading devices. In this study, dynamic Brazilian tension tests of granitic rocks was conducted using the Nonex Rock Cracker (NRC) reaction driven-high speed loading device which adopts SMI sensors. The dynamic response of the granite specimens were monitored and the intermediate strain rate dependency of Brazilian tensile strengths was discussed.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.22 no.A
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• pp.107-117
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• 2002

The blast works for open cuts and underground constructions near urban areas have recently increased complaint of ground vibration, air blast and fly rock. In order to reduce these problems, it is necessary to develop more cautious blasting, or non-blast excavation methods by mechanical power. For these breaker workings instead of blast are sometimes adopted. To compare the characteristics of blast vibration with breaker vibration, the level, range of frequency and spectrum amplifications of each vibration were studied.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 1994

Safety-related structures of power plants have to be protected against the effects of possible hazards and natural phenomena. Earthquakes are considered a major dynamic design loading as a requirement of plant design, but the effects of blast-induced vibratons are not. Due to the difficulties of obtaining construction site for new plants, following ones are inevitably being built in the site adjacent to existing power plants. Therefore considerable thought has been recently given to the dynamic loading generated by blasting works near the plants. In this paper, discussed is applicability of existing vibration standards and industrial codes to the blasting works near safety related structures. Also evaluated are the parameters for the safe vibration limits such as measure of vibration level, frequency consideration, structure response, propagation equation, etc.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1994

The effects of blasting and ground vibratons on curing concrete have not been well studied. As a results unrealistic and costly ground vibration constraints have been placed on blasting and piling when it occurs in the vicinity of curing concrete. To study the effects of ground vibrations, a shaking table was made to produce peak particle velocities in the nearly same frequency range as found in construction blasting. Concrete blocks of 33.3X27.7X16.2cm were molded and placed on the shaking table. Different sets of concrete blocks were subjected to peak vibrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0 and 10cm/sec. The impulses were applied at two hour intervals for thirty seconds. Along with unvibrated concrete blocks, the vibrated concrete samples with 60.3mm in diameters were measured for elastic moduli, sonic velocity, tensile and uniaxial compressive strength. Test results showed that the vibrations in curing concrete generally have effects on the uniaxial compressive strength or physical properties of the concrete.