• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.459-474
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• 2012

Based on the general policy called "Green Growth", the Korean government planed to establish a biomass town in South Korea in order to recover energy from organic waste and to substitute for fossil fuel at rural region. Technical and financial support for the establishment of biomass town was insufficient so far. There are some policies to support biomass town establishment, however financial support from several Korean ministries seemed not to have been used efficiently. Some policies are planned excessively so that they cannot be realized on time. Therefore, there is a need to analyze the status of biomass utilization technology and policy in Japan from the point of view of an external biomass expert, since biomass utilization technology and policy of Japan take good achievement during the many developed countries. For the analyzing of technology and policy in Japan, literatures concerned biomass management policy and biomass town design were collected by visiting Japan Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and interview of public officials in charge was carried out. There are several implications for the promotion of Korean policy concerned with biomass utilization and biomass town establishment.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 제주지역에서 발생하는 주요 biomass에 대한 통합관리 및 자원순환체계에 대하여 검토하였다. 제주지역에서 발생하고 있는 주요 biomass는 슬러지가 년간 10,818톤, 음식물쓰레기가 61,284톤, 가축분뇨 1,519,000톤으로 발생하고 있으며, 슬러지의 경우에는 해양배출, 음식물쓰레기는 자원화, 축산분뇨는 발생원에서 처리되어 액비 등의 형태로 재활용되고 있다. Biomass자원의 순환관리 체계를 구축할 수 있는 방안으로는, 일본 오이타현 Hita-city에서 적용하고 있는 biomass town을 조성하고 관리하는 체계를 도입함이 적합한 사례라고 사료되었으며, 자원화체계를 구축하는 모델을 설정하여 경제성을 검토한 결과 시설규모에 차이가 있으나, 4년 이내 흑자로 전환되어 경제성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 제주지역의 Biomass자원의 순환관리 체계 구축에 있어서, 우선적으로 가축분뇨가 고려되어야하는 것으로 판단되어, 본 연구에서는 가축분뇨처리에 대한 문제점과 향후 과제에 대해서 제시하였다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.561-579
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• 2014

This research estimates the necessity of a better governance plan on the purpose of fulfillment energy recovery by building resource recycling system for biomass resources and waste resources that derive from agricultural and mountain village areas. The utilization of new renewable energy technology which uses waste and biomass sources diverse as variety of resources, collecting method, operator etc. and is structurally complicated the formation of policy is also very difficult. There is failure because of the problems which occurs from the policy led by government. Biomass Town Development Project should be made through the central government and the local government integrated support system and should be formed a consultative group in order to process the project mutually with these two department including the experts from the related areas. This consultative group, while government organizations carry out the hub function of strategic knowledge management, should carry out the control tower function to be able to be net working transfer the information with the cooperation of private and government so vitalize the communication area among the related actors. And to be able to increase the participation rate of the local people the consistent and various educations should be given so a smooth business promotion progress will be desired through the change of perception and coactive participation of people.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2014

Ordinary heterotrophic organism (OHO) active biomass plays key roles in biological wastewater treatment processes. However, due to the lack of measurement techniques, the OHO active biomass exists hypothetically within the design and simulation of biological wastewater treatment processes. This research was purposed to develop a quick and easy quantifying technique for the OHO active biomass applying a modified batch aerobic growth test. Two nitrification-denitrification activated sludge systems, with 10- and 20-day sludge ages, were operated to provide well-cultured mixed liquor to the batch tests. A steady state design model was firstly applied to quantify the "theoretical" OHO active biomass concentration of the two parent systems. The mixed liquor from the parent systems was then inoculated to a batch growth test and a batch digestion test to estimate the "measured" OHO active biomass concentration in the mixed liquor. The measured OHO active biomass concentrations with the batch growth test and the batch digestion test were compared to the theoretical concentrations of the parent system. The measured concentrations with the batch growth test were generally smaller than the theoretical concentrations. However, the measured concentrations with the batch aerobic digestion tests showed a good correlation to the theoretical concentrations. Thus, a different microbial growth condition (i.e., a higher food/biomass ratio) in the batch growth test, compared to the parent system or the batch digestion test, was found to cause underestimation of the OHO active biomass concentrations.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2004

The impact of slash and burning on microbial biomass C, N and P in soils of semi-evergreen tropical deciduous forest were studied from February 1999 to January 2000. The experimental sites were located near Moreh town in the Chandel district of Manipur state (India) along the Indo-Myanmar border between 23° 49' N-24°28'N latitude and 93°45'E-94°16'E longitude. Microbial biomass C ranged from 319.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ 905.50㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 209.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 708.80 ㎍ g/sup -1/ soil in the forest site. Microbial N ranged from 19.30 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 99.45 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 16.08㎍ g/sup -1/ to 88.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site. Microbial P varied from 10.90 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 32.21 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the slash and burnt site and from 2.50 ㎍ g/sup -1/ to 17.60 ㎍ g/sup -1/ in the forest site in different months throughout the year. Microbial biomass C, N and P were recorded to be higher in the slash and burnt site compared to the forest site The conversion of forest into slash and burnt site for agriculture - the traditional shilling cultivation practiced by tribal people in the north- eastern India leads to addition of large amount of organic matter in the soil thereby exhibiting higher values of microbial biomass C, N and P in the recent slash and burnt site than that of the forest site. Relationship between the soil moisture, soil organic C and microbial biomass C, N and P were found to be correlated significantly in both the sites.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.28-32
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• 2011

본 연구는 국내에서 추진중인 에너지자립도 제로마을의 구축을 위하여 다양한 바이오매스의 활용방안에 대하여 소개하였고, 각 지역에서 발생하는 바이오매스의 활용가능성을 구체적으로 구현하고자 마을단위에서 음식물류폐기물, 가축분뇨, 각종 임업 및 산림폐기물의 생성량 및 그 현황을 조사, 분석하였으며, 마을단위별 추정 에너지량을 바탕으로 에너지 자립마을 조성을 위한 3가지 시나리오를 설정하였으며, 이를 기준으로 행정단위별 100% 에너지 자립마을의 크기 및 규모를 분석하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.339-349
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• 2020

This study aims to identify participating resident awareness of the improvements to forest carbon cycle villages created by the Korea Forest Service by introducing a system for district heating basedon forest biomass in mountainous areas. Hwacheon Forest Carbon Circulation village was established in Paroho-neureup village in Yuchon-ri, Hwacheon-gun between 2011 and 2013. However, its operation has not been smooth due to the increasing number of households rapidly leaving the district heating system. This study surveyed 76 households that participated in the district heating system using forest biomass in the early stages of the project. This includes households participating in the district heating system(participating households) and households not currently participating in the district heating system(withdrawal households) from September 2019. Surveys focused on the process of participating in forest carbon cycle village projects, and satisfaction in local heating and policy requirements. Of the 67 households, excepting those not allowed to participate in the survey due to death or having moved elsewhere, 36 households participated and 31 households the were in the process of leaving the village were also included. As a result, there was a significant difference between participating and exiting households in the motivation and satisfaction level of district heating. The results of this study are expects to reflect the importance of awareness of residents in the operation of the forest carbon cycle village. This will be utilized as an important dataset for improvement as a means to promote the re-entry if outgoing households. It will also help set the direction of the forest town revitalization project, utilizing forest biomass in the future.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.457-461
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 A. blazei의 DO-스탯 현탁 유가식 배양을 통하여 균사체 및 세포외 다당체 생산을 극대화하고자 하였다. 탄소원만을 포함하는 기질 공급액을 사용하는 경우보다 질소원이 적절히 첨가된 혼합 기질 공급액을 사용하는 것이 균사체 및 세포외 다당체 생산에 보다 효과적이었다. 기질공급액 중의 탄소원 조성을 달리하여 실험을 수행한 결과, 덱스트린을 배제하고 포도당만을 탄소원으로 사용하였을 때 가장 높은 균사체 및 세포외 다당체 생산성을 얻을 수 있었다. 이 때의 균사체 농도 및 생산성은 각각 36.5 g/l, 0.37g/l-h이었으며, 세포외 다당체 농도 및 생산성은 각각 10.9 g/l, 0.11 g/l-h이었다. 이는 회분식 배양 결과와 비교하여 균사체 농도 및 생산성 면에서는 각각 6배 및 2.2배, 세포외 다당체 농도 및 생산성 면에서는 각각 4.7배 및 1.8배 증가한 값이다. 이상의 결과들로부터 A. blazei의 고농도 균사체 배양을 위해 유가식 배양 방법이 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.197-205
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• 2004

Batch test methods have developed for a long time to measure kinetic and stoichiometric parameters which are required to perform steady state design and mathematical modelling of activated sludge processes. However, at various So/Xo ratios, abnormal behaviors of ordinary heterotrophic organism in batch tests have been reported in many researches. Thus, in this research, abnormal behaviors of heterotrophs in batch tests were investigated at various So/Xo conditions by measuring and interpreting oxygen utilization rate. As So/Xo ratio increased, the calculated values of maximum specific growth rates, ${\mu}_{H,max}$ and $K_{MP,max}$, increased. However, at a certain point of So/Xo (around 10mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), ${\mu}_{H,max}$ and $K_{MP,max}$ values started to decrease. According to this observation, three prominent behaviours of heterotrophs were identified at various So/Xo conditions. (1) At low So/Xo region (below 5 mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), the oxygen utilization rate of heterotrophs in batch tests were almost stable and consequently yielded lower maximum specific growth rate. (2) At high So/Xo region (up to 5~10 mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), oxygen utilization rate incresed sharply with time and indicated more upward curvature than the predicted OUR with conventional activated sludge model, which consists of single hetetrotrophs group. Thus, in this region, competition model of two organisms, fast-grower and slow-grower, seemed to be appropriate. (3) At extremely high So/Xo region (over 10mgCOD/mgMLAVSS), significant oxygen utilization rate was still observed even after depletion of readily biodegradable COD. This might be caused by retarded utilization of intermediates which were generated by self inhibition mechanism in the process of RBCOD uptake.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.536-543
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 멀티 센서 융합 측위 시스템(Mobile Mapping System, MMS) 기술을 도입하여 가로수의 생육 전 과정에 따른 탄소저장량을 효과적으로 산정할 수 있는 최적화된 가로수 탄소저장량 산정 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 멀티 센서 융합 측위 시스템(MMS)을 이용한 가로수 탄소저장량 산정 시스템은 데이터베이스, 메모리, 프로세서 및 사용자 인터페이스, 통신모듈로 구성되어있다. 천안 아산 신도시의(총 거리: 2.1 km, 면적: $283,698m^2$) 가로수 약 261개를 대상으로 탄소 저장량을 산정을 산정하였다. 평균 현존생물량과 탄소저장량의 경우 메타세콰이어가 각각 34.5 kg, 17.3 kg C로 가장 높았고, 이팝나무에서 각각 19.5 kg, 9.8 kg C로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 총 현존생물량과 총 탄소저장량은 은행나무에서 각각 5028.8 kg, 2514.4 kg C로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 이팝나무에서 각각 780.7 kg, 390.3 kg C로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 가로수 측정 대상지역 내 가로수의 데이터베이스를 구축하였고, 가로수 데이터베이스를 토대로 GIS 분석기법을 활용하여 가로수 탄소저장량을 구글 형식으로 변환, 3D로 시각화하였다.