• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate initial nutritional status of stomach cancer patients. The study subjects were 88 patients with stomach cancer admitted at Kosin University Gospel Hospital in Busan. We assessed the initial nutritional status by anthropometric, biochemical and dietary intake data along with subjective global assessment(SGA). The results are as follows. 1. The mean age, weight, height, triceps skinfold thickness, mid arm circumference, and mid arm muscle circumference of the subjects were 55.9$\pm$11.0years, 60.0$\pm$9.8kg, 162.4$\pm$8.5cm, 10.9$\pm$5.7mm, 26.8$\pm$3.8cm, and 23.4$\pm$3.5cm respectively. The mean body mass index was within the normal range, with 22.7$\pm$2.8kg/m2, while 15.4% of the patients was underweight. The result shows that body fat mass and body protein mass of the patients with stomach cancer were decreased. 2. The mean biochemical data of the subjects were 4.0$\pm$0.5g/dl for albumin, 174.7$\pm$41.9mg/dl for cholesterol, 107.6$\pm$57.2mg/dl for triglyceride, 92.1μg/dl for Zn, 　297.0$\pm$103.1mg/dl for transferrin, 1980.0$\pm$0.8$mm^3$ for total lymphocyte count. 3. Daily energy intake was 1997.8$\pm$579.3kcal. And the ratio of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid to energy intake was 72:14:14. 4. The patients were divided into three groups according to SGA performed by an observer. Group A(well nourished) was 55.7% with 49 patients, Group B(moderately malnourished) was 22.7 % with 20 patients, and Group C(severely malnourished) was 21.6 % with 19 patients. The three groups showed a significant difference in body weight(p<0.01), 1 month weight loss %(p<0.001), 6 months weight loss %(p<0.001), body mass index(p<0.01), and mid arm circumference(p<0.05), albumin(p<0.01), energy intake(p<0.05) as well as carbohydrate intake(p<0.05). From these results, it may be concluded that SGA can be used as a nutrition screening tool, and comprehensive nutrition assessment is desirable for those malnourished.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.228-240
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the dietary and other factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in older Korean women. A total of 340 women aged 65 to 74 were recruited from the Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as the longevity-belt region in Jeonla province, Korea. They were categorized into two groups according to bone status by T-score : a nonosteoporotic group and an osteoporotic group. Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as information on physical measurements, blood tests for biochemical indicators, health status health-related life style, dietary behavior, favorite food groups, nutrient intake and mini nutrition assessment (MNA). The results are as follows: The mean age of 185 nonosteoporotic women was 69.6 years and that of 155 osteoporotic women was 70.9 years (p<0.001). The mean T-score of the nonosteoporotic group was $-1.5mg/cm^3$ and that of theosteoporotic group was $-3.2mg/cm^3$ (p<0.001). Height and body weight in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in BMI, although the BMI in the nonosteoporotic group was slightly higher. Waist and hip circumferences in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.01, respectively), and the mid upper arm and calf circumferences were also significantly higher than in the osteoporotic group (p<0.001, p<0.01, respectively). The 5 m walking ability was significantly superior compared to the osteoporotic group. Serum levels did not show any significant differences between the groups and were within normal range. The serum total protein, albumin and Insulin-like growth factor (IGFs) levels of the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher than those of the osteoporotic group (p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.001, respectively). IGF was 104.7 ng/mL for the nonosteoporotic group and 88.1 ng/mL for the osteoporotic group. Physical activity and appetite in the nonosteoporotic group were significantly higher (p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). The favorite food groups of the nonosteoporotic group comprised more meats and fish than those of the osteoporotic group (p<0.05, respectively). Nutrient intake was not significantly different, with the exception of niacin intake (p<0.05), but the nutrient intake of the nonosteoporotic group was slightly higher than that of the osteoporotic group. The niacin intake of the nonosteoporotic group and the osteoporotic group were 11.4 mgNE and 10.0 mgNE, corresponding to 103.6% and 90.9% of the Korean EAR, respectively. The MNA score of the nonosteoporotic group was significantly more favorable than for the osteoporotic group. In conclusion, it is necessary to maintain adequate body weight and muscle mass. Habitual physical activity may have a beneficial effect on BMD for older women. Dietary factors, such as meat and fish, higher intake of niacin rich foods and nutrient status for older women also appear to have favorable effects on bone mineral density.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.43-56
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• 1990

A nutrition survey of 198 children, 6 to 12 years old, in the Song Myeon Elementary School and Sam Song Elementary School, located in remote villages of Gaesan county, Chung Buk province, was undertaken between July 11 and 16, 1988, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. Mean values of height, weight, sitting height, arm circumference, girths of chest, and weight for height were 98%, 96%, 101%, 94%, 103% and 98%, respectively, of Korean standards. Compared with the standards for Korean children and values for Yun Jung Elementary School children of Youido, Seoul, anthropometric data of subjects surveyed showed slightly lower results than the standards and further lower results than those of Yun Jung Elementary School children. mean hematocrit value was 39.8±3.1%. 15.3% of subjects were proven to be anemic according to the hematocrit criterion established by the WHO. Mean urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 7.9±3.3. Energy and nutrient intake were 61.2 to 134.4% of the RDA's; except for intake of ascorbic acid, most nutrients were below the RDA's. Carbohydrate provided 72% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 11%; fat provided 17%. Family environment, anthropometric data and results of biochemical tests were positively correlated with nutrient intake. The survey emphasizes the need for a nation wide school lunch program.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5695-5699
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• 2012

We investigated the relationships between demographics, lifestyle characteristics, and serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA) concentration and examined the population-based distribution of total PSA by age among 2,246 Korean men with a median age of 45 years. We obtained data about demographic and lifestyle characteristics based on self-reporting using a quetionnaire. We also performed physical examinations, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical measurements. The PSA concentration increased with age and there was a significant difference in total PSA concentration between the age groups of 21-60 years and >60 years. Age >60 years, height ${\geq}1.8$ m, a low frequency of alcohol consumption, and taking nutritional supplements showed a significantly increased odds ratio for increased PSA when 3.0 ng/mL was chosen as the PSA cut-off level. Smoking status, BMI, percent body fat, diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, herbal medicine use, vitamin use, and diet were not significantly associated with total PSA regardless of the cut-off level. When interpreting a single PSA test, height, alcohol consumption, and nutritional supplement use should be considered, in addition to age.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.149-156
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• 1999

This study was due to investigate the dietary intakes, serum lipids and other hematological indices in female adolescent smokers. The subjects were 85 smokers, whose average pack-year(smoking years on the basis of one pack of cigarettes per day) was 1.26 and 87 nonsmokers who were female high school students in Seoul. An anthropometric measreument was performed and % body fat was also analyzed by the Bioelectrical Impedance Fatness Analyzer(GIF-891). Dietary intakes and food habits were examined through questionnaires and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided. Nutritional analysis program for professional(CAN-pro). Serum TG, HDL-cholesterol and total-cholesterol levels were measured with test kits. Serum glucose, albumin, GOT and GPT were measured by automated dry chemistry system, SPOTCHEM 4410. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, RBC, WBC and MCV were determined by Semi Automated Microcell Counter(F-520). All data were statistically analyzed by SAS PC package program. There was no significant difference in the anthropometric measurements between smokers and nonsmokers. The caloric intake in adolescent smokers tended to be higher than that of nonsmokers but the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, there was no significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers in biochemical indices. Analysis of serum lipids showed that the serum levels of total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol of nonsmokers were unexpectedly significantly higher(p<0.05) than those of smokers. Overall results indicate that smoking itself with short pack-year in healthy female adolescent did not seem to influence apparent health and nutritional status.

• Mycobiology
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.40-44
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• 2011

Aspergillus fumigatus is associated with invasive disease aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. The major aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical and immunological responses of male Wistar rats against A. fumigatus experimentally-induced pulmonary fungal infection. Nostril experimental exposure of male Wistar rats to a high dose of A. fumigatus freeze-dried preparation for only 24 hr resulted in a significant increase in levels of catalase, nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in lung homogenates, compared to those of the control animals. However, the oxidative status of the lungs of rats challenged with killed fungus did not change significantly, except for the stimulation in the level of lipid peroxide. IgG level was significantly elevated only in rats that received two low doses of fungus, compared to unexposed animals (p < 0.005). Examining the lung of rats exposed to A. fumigatus revealed no abnormal changes, except for pus in bronchial lumen spaces and per bronchial inflammation. Histologically, large numbers of granuloma cells were evident in the lungs of challenged rats, while no granuloma formation was evident in the lungs of rats exposed to killed fungus.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.75-80
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• 2005

A promising application of Lactococcus lactis is its use as live vehicles for production and delivery of heterologous proteins of vaccines and therapeutic substances. Because L. lactis has GRAS ('generally regarded as safe') status, we tested whether L. lactis could function as the carrier of the Ll protein of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16. The RNA level expression of Ll gene was detected in L. Lactis. The Ll protein was expressed in L. lactis with Ll gene. The growth of strains L. lactis with an empty plasmid (pAMJ328) and L. lactis with Ll-encoding plasmid (pAMJ328-Ll) was slightly decreased in comparison with the growth of strains L. lactis (wild type). However, all the three strains of L. lactis maintained the ability to ferment sugars primarily into lactic acid, indicating that Ll protein did not affect the biochemical property of L. lactis. These results suggest that L. lactis, capable of carrying Ll protein, might be further developed as a biocompatible oral protein delivery system.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.24-32
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• 1977

It was attempted in this study to assess the vitamin $B_{1},\;B_{2}$, and $B_6$ status in tissue by determination of erythrocyte transketolase (TK), glutathione reductase (GR), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, and their activation by their respective coenzymes, thiamine pyrophosphate, flavin-adenine dinucleotide, and pyridoxal-5-phosphate. The activities of erythrocyte enzymes were stable for more than 30 days when erythrocyte had been stored at $-20^{\circ}C$ and affirmed that the enzyme activities were more stable in the case of deep frozen sotrage of erythrocytes rather than hemolysates. The assay procedures involving ultraviolet kinetic analysis with continuous monitoring for each of enzymes have good within-batch and between-batch precisions and will be avalable in the routine laboratories for the nutritional and clinical surveys. Activity coefficient of TK, GR, and AST was studied in healthy medical students (fifteen men and twelve women, between 21 and 30 years old) on an unrestricted diet. The mean activity coefficient of TK, GR, and AST were 1.18, 1.35, and 2.01 for men, and 1.14, 1.33, and 1.83 for women, respectively. And the upper limit of normal (mean+2SD) were 1.52, 1.69, and 2.61 for men, and 1.50, 1.61, and 2.37 for women, respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.981-990
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• 1996

To define the risk facots of subclinical vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal women, circulating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, known to be the indicator of vitamin D status, were measured and risk faxtors affecting it were investigated in 27 women with low 25-hydoxyvitamin d level(ie, the study group : serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D<10ng/ml) by comparing to 55 age-matched control(the control group) were analyzed. The serum level of 25-hydorxyvitamin D was analyzed by HPLC(High Pressure Liquid Chor-matography) and analyzed biochemical parameter. The following information was obtained by interviews : sociodemographic charateristics, the intake of food containing vitamin D, proxy measure of sunlight exposure(time spent outdoors), and reprocuctive histpry of the subjects. The study group had significantly lower levels of serum calcium, increased levels of iPTH and alkaline phosphatase, Among the dietary determents, energy, protein, fat, calcium, phophorus, and vitamin D intakes were lower in the study group than the normal group. The time spent outdoors in a day was not significantly different between the two groups. However, during the day, a specific time of time spent out doors between 12:00 and 14:00 was significantly lower in the study group. Logistic analysis revealed that vitamin D and calcium intake were more important affecting factors than the time spent outdoors in post menopausal women.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.326-335
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• 1997

In the Health Promotion Law proclaimed on January 1995, nutritional improvement at national level was emphasized and designated as one of the jobs to be carried out by local governmnets. With such a situational necessity, we conducted a dietary survey along with an anthropometric measurement, biochemical assessment and questionnaire analysis on general characteristics of the students from 3 junior higher schools in Seoul area. About 300 students had participated in the study and the data from only 139 students, 28 boys and 111 girls, with complete report of dietary intake were subjected to analysis, comparison and discussion. Fasting blood samples were drawn and analyzed for hemoglobin, hematocrit and total cholesterol. Dietary intake was monitored by 1-day 24hr recall +2-day food record. In general, the average intake of nutrients for most of the subjects were above RDA for korean of that age except for 2 nutrients namely, vitamin A and calcium, of which average intake corresponded to 46-69% of RDA. In addition to this kind of nutritional imbalance, there were several other factors of nutritional problems such as skipping breakfast, overeating at dinner and frequent eating of snacks. As the best countermeasure for these kinds of nutritional problems, more detailed campaign and prractical nutrition education for these adolescents are necessary. Only through proper education and guidance for them, the healthy and intellectual man power could be guaranteed for the forthcoming 21st century.