• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.242-252
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• 2024

Purpose: In this study, an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and validated. The titer of ELISA was calculated using the reference line (RFL) method based on the standard curve drawn using the international reference anti-mouse serum NIBSC (National Institute for Biological Standards and Control) 97/642. Materials and Methods: In the development step, signal to noise was depicted to select the buffers that showed the most appropriate ratio. In the validation step, standard range, precision, dilution linearity, and specificity were confirmed, and RFL and parallel line (PLL) methods were compared in precision and dilution linearity. Results: Coating concentration for plate was achieved at 0.1 ㎍/mL for pertussis toxin (PT), 0.15 ㎍/mL for filamentous hemagglutinin antigen (FHA), and 0.25 ㎍/mL for pertactin (PRN). The signal to noise ratio was 22.02 for PT, 14.93 for FHA, and 8.02 for PRN with 0.25% goat serum in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a dilution buffer, and 2% skim milk in PBS as a blocking buffer. Based on the precision results, we assessed the lower limit of quantification by 1, 0.2, and 1.5 EU/mL concentration for PT, FHA, and PRN which met the ICH (International Council for Harmonization) M10 criteria of a 25% accuracy and total error of 40%. In specificity, homologous serum was spiked into heterologous serum and the accuracy met the criteria. There was no difference in the results between RFL and PLL calculations (p-value=0.3207 for PT, 0.7394 for FHA, 0.2109 for PRN). Conclusion: ELISA validated with RFL calculation method in this study is a relatively accurate assay for mouse humoral immunogenicity test.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1477-1482
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• 2007

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus strain PA15 exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 11 mM in an LGI medium amended with $ZnCl_2$. When an LGI medium was amended with Zn metal, solubilization halos were observed in a plate assay, and further solubilization was confirmed in a broth assay. The maximum solubilization was recorded after 120 h with a 0.1% Zn metal amendment. During solubilization, the culture growth and pH of the broth were indirectly correlated. Using a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis, one of the agents solubilizing the Zn metal was identified as gluconic acid. When the Zn-amended broth was observed under a bright field microscope, long involution cells were observed, and further analysis with Atomic Force Microscopy revealed highly deformed, pleomorphic, aggregate-like cells.

• 폴리머
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.150-155
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• 2014

Polycaprolactone(PCL)은 생분해성 고분자로 인장강도, 신장률, 충격강도 등의 기계적 물성이 우수하다. $TiO_2$ (titanium dioxide) nanoparticle은 친수성으로 밀도가 높고 생체적합성이 우수하다. 본 연구에서는 PCL과 $TiO_2$(titanium dioxide) nanoparticle을 이용하여 salt-leaching방법으로 3차원 다공성 지지체를 제작하였다. 제작한 지지체를 FESEM, FTIR, TGA, 압축강도 측정 등을 통해 물성을 분석하였다. $TiO_2$ nanoparticle에 의해 물흡수도와 팽윤도는 감소하였으나 압축강도는 증가하였다. CCK-8 assay를 통해 세포의 증식률을 확인한 결과, $TiO_2$ nanoparticle에 의한 세포 독성은 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 PCL/$TiO_2$ nanoparticle 지지체의 생체재료로 사용가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.148-154
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• 2007

Volatile components of the essential oils of Satsuma mandarin (C. unshiu), Dangyuza (C. grandis), Yuza (C. junos), Byungkyul (C. playtymamma), Jinkyul (C. sunki), and Hakyul (C. natsudaidai) grown in Jeju Island were isolated from the fruit peels by hydro distillation and determined by GC-MS. GC-MS analysis identified 58 compounds, with main components being d-limonene $(64.01{\sim}79.34%),\;{\beta}-myrcene\;(3.01{\sim}26.53%),\;{\gamma}-terpinene\;(0.11{\sim}12.88%),\;{\beta}-pinene\;(0.78{\sim}4.74%),\;and\;{\alpha}-pinene\;(1.01{\sim}2.55%)$. Differences in compositions and contents of the essential oils were observed among citrus varieties. Effects of citrus oils on growth inhibitions of Escherchia coli, Staphyllococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans were investigated using disc diffusion assay and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay. The essential oils inhibited growths of the test organisms, exhibiting higher levels of activity against Gram-positive S. epidermidis (MIC values $0.04{\sim}0.17mg/mL$), whereas Gram-negative E. coli was moderately resistant (MIC values $1.66{\sim}20.30mg/mL$). MIC of citrus essential oils ranged from $0.82{\sim}23.69mg/mL$ against C. albicans. The essential oils obtained from C. sunki, C. grandis, and C. playtymamma showed the highest antimicrobial activities against S. epidermidis and C. albicans, indicating their potential as natural antimicrobial agents.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.339-345
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• 2014

This study was performed to develop a rapid immuno-assay kit, by using a specific antigen to detect Hanwoo brand meat. We selected a synthetic antigen specific to our target antibody, named BIO-TAG (Tyr-D-Ala-Phe), by utilizing a computer-based analysis and literature review. BIO-TAG tagged with adjuvant was subcutaneously injected in sheep and Hanwoo. The serum and meat juice of the immunized or non-immunized animal were then analyzed, to measure the titer of antibody by ELISA and Western blot. The amount of antibodies against the BIO-TAG increased (p<0.05) in serum by vaccination. Furthermore, meat juice from the immunized Hanwoo showed greater (p<0.05) antibody titer, compared with those from non-immunized groups. To optimze the dilution factor, we performed dot-ELISA, with various combination levels of BIO-TAG. Results from dot-ELISA showed that 2 mg/mL BIO-TAG was sufficient to distinguish the immunized meat from non-immunized groups. These results support our hypothesis that simple immunization of Hanwoo generates a sufficient amount of antibodies to be detectable in the meat juice by means of the immune-assay. Therefore, specific Hanwoo brand meat can be more precisely identified by our rapid diagnostic kit. This technology can deter possible fraud of counterfeit meat brands in the Korean domestic market with ease and rapidity; and offers a new tool that guarantees consumers high quality Hanwoo brand beef.

• 한국자기학회:학술대회 개요집
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• 한국자기학회 2007년도 The 1st International Symposium on Advanced Magnetic Materials
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• pp.8.2-8.2
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• 2007

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2020

Background: In this study, the radix of Astragalus membranaceus Bunge extract fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Weissella cibaria, and Pediococcus pentosaceus to increase the levels of isoflavonoid aglycone contents. Methods and Results: In order to change the in isoflavonoids, we fermented the radix of A. membranaceus extracts with microorganisms that have β-glucosidase activity. Besed on the β-glucosidase activity, we selected three strains, Weissella cibaria, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. HPLC analysis revealed that the levels of isoflavonoid aglycones were increased in all fermentation cases, and the extracts fermented by S. cerevisiae showed the highest levels of isoflavonoid aglycones. We evaluated the antioxidant activity, anti-wrinkle effects and whitening effects of the S. cerevisiae-fermented extracts using the DPPH assay, tyrosinase inhibition activity assay, and collagenase inhibition activity assay. We confirmed higher activity in S. cerevisiae-fermented extracts than in control, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value of 565.1 ± 59.1 ㎍/㎖ in DPPH radical scavenging activity, tyrosinase inhibition rate of 78.4 ± 0.9%, and collagenase inhibition rate of 83.8 ± 1.1%. Conclusions: We selected three stains of microorganisms showing high β-glucosidase activity, W. cibaria, P. pentosaceus and S. cerevisiae. Isoflavonoid glycones in the radix of A. membranaceus were converted to isoflavonoid aglycones by fermentation. In addition, the fermented radix of A. membranaceus exhibited antioxidant activity, anti-wrinkle effect, whitening effect and radical scavenging activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1537-1541
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• 2006

The $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ chemical shifts of eleven flavone derivatives were completely determined by basic 1D and 2D NMR experiments. Nineteen flavone derivatives including the above eleven derivatives were examined for anti-oxidative effects using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl assay and Caenorhabditis elegans. In order to understand the relationships between the structures of flavone derivatives and their anti-oxidative activities, a Comparative Molecular Field Analysis was performed.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.127-133
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• 2011

The comet assay, also called single-cell electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, is a potential sensitive monitoring tool for DNA damage in cells. The primary objective of this study was to use comet assay to ascertain if the blood cells of flounder (Pleuronichthys olivaceus) and muscle cells of clam (Saxidomus purpurata) are suitable for genotoxicity screening. This was achieved by initially exposing blood and muscle cells under in vitro conditions to the reference genotoxin hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$); strong correlation between $H_2O_2$ concentration and comet values were found. Subsequently, the identification of DNA damage in isolated cells from flounder and clam was performed under in vivo exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and tributyltin (TBT). Flounder and clam were exposed to different concentrations (1, 10, 50, 100 ${\mu}g/L$) of BaP or TBT for 4 days. Regardless of treated chemicals, blood cells of flounder were more prone to DNA breakage compared to muscle cells of clam. In conclusion, in vivo genotoxicity of BaP and TBT can be biomonitored using the comet assay. This study suggests that flounder and clam do show potential as mediums for monitoring genotoxic damage by comet assay.

• 한국환경과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경과학회 2007년도 춘계 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.518-521
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• 2007

생활하수처리장과 농공단지폐수처리장 방류수의 화학분석과 in vitro bio-assay를 통한 세포독성의 결과를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 다성분 동시분석법을 통해 다양한 성상을 가진 9곳의 방류수에서는 phenol, aliphatic compounds, polycyclic compounds, phthalate, pesticides, aromatic amines, benzens, nitro compounds이 주오염물질로 검출이 되었다. 2) 세포독성을 나타내는 TU값이 생활하수에서는 화학분석에 결과 다종고농도의 유기오염물질이 검출된 A지점과 농공폐수의 F지점에서 높게 나타났다. 즉, 화학분석결과와 in vitro bio-assay에 의한 상관관계를 유추해 볼 수 있다. 3) S9 mixture에 따른 대사활성으로 난분해성, 소수성 유기오염물질에 대한 세포독성에 악영향을 미침을 알 수 있다.