• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.151-155
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• 2015

We fabricated the Cu Schottky contact on an n-type Ge wafer and investigated the forward bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in the temperature range of 100~300 K. The zero bias barrier height and ideality factor were determined based on the thermionic emission (TE) model. The barrier height increased and the ideality factor decreased with increasing temperature. Such temperature dependence of the barrier height and the ideality factor was associated with spatially inhomogeneous Schottky barriers. A notable deviation from the theoretical Richardson constant (140.0 Acm^-2K^-2 for n-Ge) on the conventional Richardson plot was alleviated by using the modified Richardson plot, which yielded the Richardson constant of 392.5 Acm^-2K^-2. Finally, we applied the theory of space-charge-limitedcurrent (SCLC) transport to the high forward bias region to find the density of localized defect states (N_t), which was determined to be 1.46 × 10¹² eV^-1cm^-3.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 1997

It is identified that the diamond films grown o bias-treated (100) silicon showed different surface morphologies and film textures according to the initial applied dc bias voltage at the same growth condition. The highly oriented diamond film (HODF) was successfully grown on -200 V bias-treated silicon substrate in which the heteroepitaxial relation of $(100)_{dimond}//(100)_{si}\; and\; [110]_{diamond}//[110]_{si}$ was identified. On the contrary, the heteroepitaxial relation was considerably disturbed in the samples bias-voltage was a key factor in growing the highly oriented diamond film on (100) silicon substrate. Considering the experimental results, we proposed a new model about heteroepitaxial diamond growth on silicon, in which 9 diamond unit cell are matched with 4 silicon cells and the bond covalency of both atoms is satisfied via the intermediate layer at the interface as well.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권8호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2022

본 연구는 행동경제학(Behavioral Economics) 관점을 적용하여 이용자들이 OTT 플랫폼을 지속적으로 이용함에 있어서 영향을 미치는 요인을 탐색하였다. OTT 이용자들이 실제 콘텐츠를 시청하고 플랫폼에서 제공하는 기능을 직접 경험한 후 만족을 느끼는 합리적 요인 외에도 '현상유지 편향(status quo bias)'에 의한 습관적 요인과 지인, 비용 등 상황에 따른 감정적, 심리적 요인도 영향을 미칠 것으로 판단했다. OTT 이용자들을 대상으로 한 심층 인터뷰와 선행 연구들을 통해 도출한 4가지 요인(콘텐츠 만족요인, 기능적 만족요인, 관성적 요인, 상황적 요인)에 대한 세부 문항을 구성하고, 국내 구독자 Top3 OTT 플랫폼(넷플릭스, 웨이브, 티빙)의 이용경험이 있는 전국의 20-40대 성인남녀 523명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석결과, '콘텐츠 만족요인'과 '기능적 만족요인', '관성적 요인'이 OTT 지속적 이용에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 중 '관성적 요인'은 국내 OTT 이용자들에게는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 본 연구는 OTT 서비스 이용자들을 완전한 합리성을 갖춘 존재로 전제했던 기존의 선행연구들과는 다르게 제한적 합리성을 함께 고려하여 OTT 지속적 이용 행위에 대한 설명의 범위를 넓혔다는 의의를 가진다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2008

Reactively magnetron sputtered TiN films were deposited on Si wafers under varying bias voltage and characterized by X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Nanoindentation. The films deposited under an Ar + $N_2$ atmosphere exhibited a mixed (200)-(111) orientation with a strong (200) texture, which subsequently changed to a strong (111) texture with increasing bias voltage. The changes in texture and grain size of the TiN thin films are due to one or a combination of factors such as strain energy, surface free energy, surface diffusivity and adatom mobility. The influence of each factor depends on the processing conditions. The average deposition rate and grain size were calculated from FE-SEM images of the films indicating that the deposition rate was lower at the films deposited under bias voltage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1689-1694
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• 2004

This study was conducted to develop a novel adjustment factors for 305 days using 138,103 lactation records and 1,770,764 daily records, which were based on environmental circumstances such as herd year, season, age at calving, dry period and lactating stages. The present study showed that the change of persistency of cows at the first parity from total lactacting characteristics was slowly processed, while it was rapidly changed in cows at the second parity stage. Particularly, there was an outstanding difference between the first and second parity cows. Milk yield and composition increased as the age at calving was increased. In addition, milk yield and composition were higher at the first parity on fall compared with others, and those were higher at the more than second parity on fall and winter compared with other parity stages and seasons. The cow of dry group was included into lactating records of more than second parity stage. The data indicated that optimal results arose from 45-70 days of dry period. Milk yield was decreased when dry period was longer or shorter than 45-70 days. The lactating days were divided into 17, 28 and 38 stages to compare the multiplicative correction factors. The factor was effective at 28 stages on the first parity. The total correlation coefficients were 0.93832, 0.95058 and 0.95076 at the present correction factor, 17 stage and 28 stage, respectively. At second parity, the factor was higher in dry group 1 and 3 at 17 stage, and it was higher in dry group 2 at 28 stage compared with others. Therefore, the present study showed that the percent squared bias (PSB), which was calculated from the novel correction factor, was better than previously used correction factors. Also, the present study indicated that the bias of the novel correction factor was improved, and this factor could be more accurate compared with others.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.5-16
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 국가건설기준이 한계상태설계법으로 전환됨에 따라 현재 연구기반이 미약한 쏘일네일링의 LRFD 설계법 개발의 일환으로 인발저항에 대한 저항편향계수를 분석하였다. 쏘일네일링의 설계 및 시공 기술수준 등 지역적 특성을 반영하기 위하여 국내 비탈면과 굴착공사에서 수행된 인발시험 자료를 수집하고, 지반특성, 쏘일네일의 제원, 인발시험 결과 등으로 구성된 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 쏘일네일링의 인발저항에 대한 저항계수를 보정하기 위하여 국내에서 가장 많이 이용되며 비교적 자료수가 충분한 중력식과 가압식 그라우팅공법의 인발저항에 대한 저항편향계수를 산정하였다. 저항편향계수는 1.144~1.325으로 실제 극한인발저항력을 비교적 보수적으로 예측하고 있으며 미국의 연구사례(NCHRP Report)보다 안전측으로 설계가 이루어지고 있으나, 인발저항력에 대한 불확실성은 $COV_R$=0.27~0.43으로 비교적 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또한 가압식 그라우팅공법은 중력식 그라우팅공법에 비해 내재된 안전여유가 많으며, 실제 발휘되는 극한인발저항력의 불확실성이 낮은 것으로 분석되었다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.1075-1079
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• 2014

In this paper, we describe the analysis and the compensation method of the g-sensitivity error for MEMS vibratory gyroscopes. Usually, the g-sensitivity error has been ignored in the commercial MEMS gyroscope, but it deserves our attention to apply for the missile application as a tactical grade performance. Thus, it is necessary to compensate for the g-sensitivity error to reach a tactical grade performance. Generally, the g-sensitivity error seems intuitively to be a gyroscope bias error proportional to the linear acceleration. However, we assert that the g-sensitivity error mainly causes not a bias error but a scale-factor error. And we verify that the g-sensitivity scale-factor error occurs due to the non-linearity of parallel plate electrodes. Therefore, we propose the compensation method to remove the g-sensitivity scale-factor error. The experimental result showed that a proposed compensation method improved successfully the performance of the MEMS vibratory gyroscope.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.101-126
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• 2003

본 연구는 북한이탈주민들의 자기고양 편파가 성격, 사회적 관계, 문화적 측면 중 어느 것에 의해 더 많이 영향을 받는가를 확인하고, 이 자기고양 편파가 우울감과 생활만족감이라는 심리적 적응 지표에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지를 확인하기 위해 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 먼저 북한이탈주민들과 남한 주민들이 자기고양 편파와 문화적 측면에서 얼마나 유사한 수준을 보이는지를 확인할 필요가 있어서 북한이탈주민 대학생과 남한 대학생들을 대상으로 자기고양 편파 수준과 사회적 바람직성을 비교하였는데, 유의미한 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 이 결과를 바탕으로 북한이탈주민 121명을 대상으로 자기고양 편파에 영향을 미치는 3가지 측면의 영향력 비중을 확인하기 위해 중다회귀분석을 실시하였는데, 지각된 사회적 지지와 낙관성의 순서대로 높은 설명력을 보였다. 지각된 차별감과 사회적 바람직성은 자기고양 편파와 유의미한 상관을 보였지만, 회귀분석에서는 설명량이 유의미하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 북한이탈주민의 자기고양 편파는 우울감과 생활만족도 모두에게 부적인 유의미한 설명력을 보였다. 이러한 결과는 주로 남자 북한이탈주민들이 보인 경향성을 반영하는 것으로서 주목을 끄는 것이다. 반면에 여자 북한이탈주민들이 보인 경향성은 기존의 연구 결과와 유사한 것이었다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.109-125
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• 1996

Biases and errors in the human being's reasoning process have been studied continuously by the researchers, especially psychlogists and social scientists. These bias phenomenon is classified on the basis of the origin, i. e. motivation and cognition. Furthermore the necessity of research on the bias in the management and management information system areas in increased more and more recently, which have their academic backgrounds in the psychology and social science. The biased information stream is transformed into the systematic error due to the motivation and cognitive bias of human-being, then its resulting phenomena are as follows; 1. the availability of salient information 2. preconceived ideas or theories about peoples and event 3. anchoring and perseverence phenomena. In order to reduce the information errors, Satty suggested the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) that is the subject of this paper and that is widely used for evaluation of complex decision making alternatives. THerefore this paper studies AHP's effects and its limitations in applying to the management area. Thus this paper compared the performances of the 3 models : 1 the traditional additive regression model. 2 regression model using the factor score, and 3 the regression model with AHP. As a result, 3 models produce the different outcomes.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.175-183
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• 2017

Codon usage bias (CUB) is a unique property of genomes and has contributed to the better understanding of the molecular features and the evolution processes of particular gene. In this study, genetic indices associated with CUB, including relative synonymous codon usage and effective numbers of codons, as well as the nucleotide composition, were investigated in the Clonorchis sinensis tyrosinase genes and their platyhelminth orthologs, which play an important role in the eggshell formation. The relative synonymous codon usage patterns substantially differed among tyrosinase genes examined. In a neutrality analysis, the correlation between $GC_{12}$ and $GC_3$ was statistically significant, and the regression line had a relatively gradual slope (0.218). NC-plot, i.e., $GC_3$ vs effective number of codons (ENC), showed that most of the tyrosinase genes were below the expected curve. The codon adaptation index (CAI) values of the platyhelminth tyrosinases had a narrow distribution between 0.685/0.714 and 0.797/0.837, and were negatively correlated with their ENC. Taken together, these results suggested that CUB in the tyrosinase genes seemed to be basically governed by selection pressures rather than mutational bias, although the latter factor provided an additional force in shaping CUB of the C. sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini genes. It was also apparent that the equilibrium point between selection pressure and mutational bias is much more inclined to selection pressure in highly expressed C. sinensis genes, than in poorly expressed genes.