• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.98-108
• /
• 1974

Fourteen varieties of Korean chestnut were subjected to the test of adaptability for processing and the possibilities of colored products development. The fruit size of Korean chestnut ranged $11{\sim}18g$ and these small fruits could not be expected to be utilized for the processing of Marron glaces which requires larger size as $25{\sim}30g$. As the storge period is extended the discoloration tendency of chestnut flesh was increasingly developed, however, the fresh chestnut has shown layer-separating phenomenon and ragged surface of fruit which delivers disagreeable appearance to the finished product. The principal factors of discoloration occurred during processing were the behavior of tannin and darkening rate shown on flesh differed each other among varieties; the Chukpa and Yuma variety have exhibited the most serious discoloration and the Taab-b variety, the lightest. Taab-b variety in this connection could be expected to be available for Kanroni processing. For the industrialization of chestnut processing the flame-scorched peeling method is advisable. The capacity of this method is proportional to the square of scorching radius and highly flexible in controlling its performance. As for the processing of colored product, the sugar dehydration and coating and the sugar penetration method demand further study in basical views; however, the canned product of chestnut-redbean has shown the possibility of being utilized as a substitute for or paralleled use with the sugar-syruped canned product which so far has been considered as the only item of export to Japan.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 1999

Among the various seismic data processing sequences, the velocity analysis is the most time consuming and man-hour intensive processing steps. For the production seismic data processing, a good velocity analysis tool as well as the high performance computer is required. The tool must give fast and accurate velocity analysis. There are two different approches in the velocity analysis, batch and interactive. In the batch processing, a velocity plot is made at every analysis point. Generally, the plot consisted of a semblance contour, super gather, and a stack pannel. The interpreter chooses the velocity function by analyzing the velocity plot. The technique is highly dependent on the interpreters skill and requires human efforts. As the high speed graphic workstations are becoming more popular, various interactive velocity analysis programs are developed. Although, the programs enabled faster picking of the velocity nodes using mouse, the main improvement of these programs is simply the replacement of the paper plot by the graphic screen. The velocity spectrum is highly sensitive to the presence of the noise, especially the coherent noise often found in the shallow region of the marine seismic data. For the accurate velocity analysis, these noise must be removed before the spectrum is computed. Also, the velocity analysis must be carried out by carefully choosing the location of the analysis point and accuarate computation of the spectrum. The analyzed velocity function must be verified by the mute and stack, and the sequence must be repeated most time. Therefore an iterative, interactive, and unified velocity analysis tool is highly required. An interactive velocity analysis program, xva(X-Window based Velocity Analysis) was invented. The program handles all processes required in the velocity analysis such as composing the super gather, computing the velocity spectrum, NMO correction, mute, and stack. Most of the parameter changes give the final stack via a few mouse clicks thereby enabling the iterative and interactive processing. A simple trace indexing scheme is introduced and a program to nike the index of the Geobit seismic disk file was invented. The index is used to reference the original input, i.e., CDP sort, directly A transformation techinique of the mute function between the T-X domain and NMOC domain is introduced and adopted to the program. The result of the transform is simliar to the remove-NMO technique in suppressing the shallow noise such as direct wave and refracted wave. However, it has two improvements, i.e., no interpolation error and very high speed computing time. By the introduction of the technique, the mute times can be easily designed from the NMOC domain and applied to the super gather in the T-X domain, thereby producing more accurate velocity spectrum interactively. The xva program consists of 28 files, 12,029 lines, 34,990 words and 304,073 characters. The program references Geobit utility libraries and can be installed under Geobit preinstalled environment. The program runs on X-Window/Motif environment. The program menu is designed according to the Motif style guide. A brief usage of the program has been discussed. The program allows fast and accurate seismic velocity analysis, which is necessary computing the AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) based DHI (Direct Hydrocarn Indicator), and making the high quality seismic sections.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.11C no.4
• /
• pp.409-418
• /
• 2004

Multicast services are provided on the Internet in fast increasing . Therefore it is important to keep security for multicast communication. Member leaving is deeply associated with scalability problem for group key management. If one member of the group is removed, new group key has to be generated and distributed to all remaining members of group. Minimizing the number of messages and operation cost for generation of the composite keys are important evaluating criteria of multicast key management scheme since generation and distribution of new keys for rekeying require expensive operation. Batch removal can reduce these important parameters rather than removing members sequentially In fashion one after another. In this paper, Hamming distance is calculated between eve교 members to be removed. The members with Hamming distance less than threshold are selected for rekeying procedure. With running the round assignment algorithm In the case of removing several members simultaneously, our model has advantages of reducing the number of message and operation cost for generation of the composite keys and eliminating possibility of collusion attack for rekeying.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.103-119
• /
• 2011

This study set out to analyze the solid shapes of knit flared skirts, which are best represented in a 3-dimensional shape for all knit skirts, according to the seamed and seamless production method and to estimate the silhouettes of knit flared skirts based on the results. It also aimed to help with the introduction and spread of seamless weaving by revising and supplementing potential problems and provide findings that would be put to active use as basic data, thus contributing to the development of original knitwear and offering fundamental materials for the development of the knitting industry. A number of experimental knit flared skirts were made according to skirt angle ($90^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$), gauge (7G, 12G, and 15G), and grain (bias, wale, and radial), including 12 kinds of seamed knit flared skirts and 6 kinds of seamless knit flared skirts. Using a three-dimensional shape measurement system, the investigator measured the cross-sectional shapes of their hemlines. The SPSS 12 Version program was used for statistical processing, and descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used to compare the seamed and seamless knit flared skirts in the measurements (measurement items) of their solid shapes according to the width, gauges, and grain directions. The central grain direction of seamless knit flared skirts was in a radial form and even hemlines, thus presenting a beautiful appearance and solid shape. The 3-dimensional shapes show that seamless knit flared skirts are superior to seamed ones. The research findings are expected to open a door for Korea's knitting industry to quickly respond to small quantity batch production and additional orders.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.314-323
• /
• 2016

Overhead line voltage of DC railway traction substations has rising or falling characteristics depending on the acceleration and regenerative braking of the subway train loads. The suppression of this irregular fluctuation of the line voltage gives rise to improved energy efficiency of both the railway substation and the trains. This paper presents parameter estimation schemes using the RC circuit model for an overhead line voltage at a 1500V DC electric railway traction substation. A linear artificial neural network with a back-propagation learning algorithm was trained using the measurement data for an overhead line voltage and four feeder currents. The least square estimation method was configured to implement batch processing of these measurement data. These estimation results have been presented and performance analysis has been achieved through raw data simulation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.1
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2015

Intense pulsed light (IPL), a nonthermal technology, has attracted increasing interest as a food processing technology. However, its efficacy in inactivating microorganisms has not been evaluated thoroughly. In this study, we investigated the influence of IPL treatment on the inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 depending on light intensity, treatment time, and pulse number. Increased light intensity from 500 V to 1,000 V, raised the inactivation rate at room temperature. At 1000 V, the cell numbers were reduced by 7.1 log cycles within 120 s. In addition, increased pulse number or decreased distance between the light source and sample surface also led to an increase in the inactivation rate. IPL exposure caused a significant increase in the absorption at 260 nm of the suspending agent used in our experiments. This indicates that IPL-treated cells were damaged, consequently releasing intracellular materials. The growth of IPL-irradiated cells were delayed by about 5 h. The degree of damage to the cells after IPL treatment was confimed by transmission electron microscopy.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.342-350
• /
• 2009

Currently TMR feed produced in commercial plant is one of the major source to feed cattle for both beef and dairy farm. However, because of lack of cutting and mixing system for utilizing domestic produced firmly baled round roughage in commercial TMR plant, these commercial TMR feed can not satisfy to farmers both in quality and price points of view. In order to solve these problems, a farm group size TMR plant model was developed in this study. The model plant was consist of round bale receiving and cutting system, pneumatic conveying system for transfer the roughage which was cut at the cutter to TMR mixer through pneumatic conveyor, TMR mixer enable to soften the stiff rice strew and to mix with other ingredients, finished feed bin which can be transfer to either packing system or individual farm, packing system by tycon bag which contains 400 kg unit and bulk unloading system to individual farmer. Also, a simulation model ARENA was applied to the model system in order to evaluate and check the production rate in each unit process and operation rate of total system and to find out if there are any clogged unit system obstructing the smooth flow of the total process flow. Processing cycle for produce one batch of the model plant was less than 30 minutes. Thus, it will take less than four hours for producing 16 tons per day equivalent to 1,000 beef cattle's daily feed.

• Polymer(Korea)
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.529-537
• /
• 2000

The effects of the gel content on the cell structures of PP sheets by using an electron-curing system were investigated. Three extruded PP sheets crosslinked by three different doses were used for the batch foaming process with the supercritical state $CO_2$. Experiments were also performed in order to study the effects of the gel content, saturation pressure and temperature on cell structures. Then foaming conditions, such as temperature and duration of time, were changed. The amount of gas absorbed into PP samples was not affected by gel contents and the operating condition of saturation pressure, which was higher than 2000 psi. The foam cells of PP with a low gel content grew irregularly at a higher foaming temperature and for a longer duration of foaming time. However, PP samples with high gel content showed even cell structures and narrow tell size distributions under the severe conditions of high foaming temperatures and long duration of foaming time.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2020

On an offshore plant topside, various types of offshore facilities for processing energy resources, such as oil and gas, and equipment and outfitting for connecting these facilities are installed in a limited space. An offshore plant superstructure is composed of numerous supporting rack structures and reinforcements for securing and supporting offshore installations and the related equipment. This paper describes the development of design support software to support this superstructure design efficiently. The developed design support software, which was based on AVEVA Marine's PML(Programmable Macro Language), supports the parametric method for superstructure design. A method of batch 3D modeling from 2D drawings for supporting rack structure produced in the basic and detailed design was also developed using AutoLisp. In addition, through the application example of superstructure module design, the design support software introduced in this paper can be expected to reduce the design time by more than 90% compared to the use of only basic functions of AVEVA PDMS.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2012

Application of the Object-oriented Programming (OOP) method to the Finite Element Model (FEM) program has various strengths including the features of encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance. However, this technique should be based upon a premise that the independency of the object method and data to be used is guaranteed. By attempting to apply the OOP to the FEM, existing researches go against the independency of the OOP which is an essential feature of the method. The reason is this: existing researches apply the OOP to modules in accordance with analysis procedures, although the data to be used is classified as an element unit in the FEM. Therefore, the required independency cannot be maintained as whole stiffness matrices and boundary conditions are combined together. Also, solutions are sought from analysis module after data is regrouped at the pre-processor, and their results are analyzed during the post-processor. As this is similar to a batch processing, it cannot use data at analysis, and recalculation should be done from the beginning if any condition is changed after the analysis is complete, which are limitations of the existing researches. This research implemented the Object-orientation of elements so that the three features of the OOP (i.e. encapsulation, polymorphism and inheritance) can be guaranteed and their independency maintained as a result. For this purpose, a model called 'Object-oriented Finite element Model ensuring the Independency of Elements (OFMIE)', which enables the analysis of targets through mutual data exchanges within instance, was developed. In conclusion, the required independency was achieved in the instance of the objected elements and the analysis results of previous conditions could be used for the analysis after changes. The number of repetitive calculations was reduced by 75 per cent through this gradual analysis processes.