• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2013

This study uses a survey questionnaire to identify the major customer age class of adult women who frequently mountain climb as well as analyze their purchasing behavior and preference of mountain climbing pants. The field survey, classified the types of mountain climbing pants, selected the types of mountain climbing pants that consumers preferred, and then analyzed the degrees of satisfaction for mountain climbing pants based on an evaluation of wearing. Specifically, the patterns of mountain climbing pants preferred by national brands and licensed brands were compared and analyzed. The validities of commercially available mountain climbing pants were analyzed through an evaluation of wearing comfort and an evaluation of wearing on a 3D simulation of the human body. The basic data for the development of mountain climbing pants are presented based on the results. The survey questionnaire results indicate that the major class of women consumers of mountain climbing goods was in the 40s to 50s; in addition, the types they most wore were straight type and functional cut type. The preferred brand was KOLONSPORT (which occupies a 21.2% market share), followed by THE NORTH FACE (13.0%), K2 (11.5%) and Kolping (10.0%). The main reason (26.8% of responses) that they preferred these brands was functionality. The difference in measurement of climbing pants patterns could be analyzed accurately in the pattern analysis, the wearing evaluation by the self-sonsory test and evaluation of wearing comfort through 3D simulation. The results of ANOVA on motions and items indicates that no significant difference was found among motions; however, a significant difference was recognized among items. A comparison of straight type and functional cut type showed that the functional cut type excelled slightly in wearing comfort.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2011

Physiological signals such as body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure and heart rate variability and biomechanical workload for stress analysis were investigated during the cherry tomato harvesting work in a greenhouse. The skin temperatures raised $0.05^{\circ}C$/min, $0.03^{\circ}C$/ min, and $0.08^{\circ}C$/min in standing, stooping and squatting postures, respectively. Breath rate significantly increased from 18 to 28 breaths/min during the cherry tomato harvesting work. As the heart rate during the work ranged from about 72 to 110 beats/min (bpm), the cherry tomato harvesting work appeared to be a light intensity task of less than 110 bpm. The worker's average energy consumption rate in three positions during 43 min working time was 65.74 kcal (91 kcal/h in 70 kg). This was a light intensity of work, compared to 75 kcal/h in 70 kg of basic metabolic energy consumption rate of a worker with 70 kg weight; The maximum shear force on the disk (L5/ S1) due to static workload in the cherry tomato harvesting work was 446 N in the stooping posture, 321 N in the squatting posture and 287 N in the standing posture. Acute stress index expressed with the heart rate variability, increased parasympathetic activation up to about 70 while workers were doing most agricultural work in this study. This study provided a system to measure quantitatively workers' physiological change, kinematics and kinetic factors without any restrictions of space in the greenhouse works.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.279-295
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• 2015

The article presents a theoretical-experimental approach developed for modeling the coefficient of sliding friction in the dynamic system tool-workpiece in slide diamond burnishing of low-alloy unhardened steels. The experimental setup, implemented on conventional lathe, includes a specially designed device, with a straight cantilever beam as body. The beam is simultaneously loaded by bending (from transverse slide friction force) and compression (from longitudinal burnishing force), which is a reason for geometrical nonlinearity. A method, based on the idea of separation of the variables (time and metric) before establishing the differential equation of motion, has been applied for dynamic modeling of the beam elastic curve. Between the longitudinal (burnishing force) and transverse (slide friction force) forces exists a correlation defined by Coulomb's law of sliding friction. On this basis, an analytical relationship between the beam deflection and the sought friction coefficient has been obtained. In order to measure the deflection of the beam, strain gauges connected in a "full bridge" type of circuit are used. A flexible adhesive is selected, which provides an opportunity for dynamic measurements through the constructed measuring system. The signal is proportional to the beam deflection and is fed to the analog input of USB DAQ board, from where the signal enters in a purposely created virtual instrument which is developed by means of Labview. The basic characteristic of the virtual instrument is the ability to record and visualize in a real time the measured deflection. The signal sampling frequency is chosen in accordance with Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem. In order to obtain a regression model of the friction coefficient with the participation of the diamond burnishing process parameters, an experimental design with 55 experimental points is synthesized. A regression analysis and analysis of variance have been carried out. The influence of the factors on the friction coefficient is established using sections of the hyper-surface of the friction coefficient model with the hyper-planes.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2019

Purpose: The study aims to provide basic data to enhance the health of paramedics responsible for patient transport and treatment by analyzing the exposure level of paramedics to electromagnetic waves generated by electric devices used in ambulances. Methods: The study measured electromagnetic waves in ambulances in N region from July to December 2018. ME3030B produced by German Gigahertz Solutions was used to measure these waves and the maximum value was selected by moving it slowly in various directions. Each measurement part was selected and the mean value was calculated by repeatedly measuring at 10-minute intervals three times in total: $1^{st}$, $2^{nd}$, and $3^{rd}$ phase. Results: Among the electrical devices installed in the patient room of the ambulance measured at distances of 1 cm or 30 cm, results showed a high level of electric waves at the inverter ($26.25{\pm}39V/m$) and high level of electromagnetic waves ($564.00{\pm}31.75nT$) at the ozone sterilizer. According to measurements toward the front near the driver's seat, results indicated high levels of electric waves ($3.67{\pm}1.15V/m$) and electromagnetic waves ($450.00{\pm}19.52nT$) at the black box hard drive. Conclusion: Electromagnetic waves within the ambulance were stable and not beyond the range that might impact human health. However, in the case of the black box hard drive ($3.67{\pm}1.15V/m$, $450.00{\pm}19.52nT$) located under the passenger seat, it may have a direct effect on the human body and, thus it is necessary to move it to a storage area further away from the paramedics to minimized the impact.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.503-509
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• 2020

This study aims to develop a patient-specific radiation exposure dose prediction model based on anthropometric data that can be easily measurable during CT examination, and to be used as basic data for DRL setting and radiation dose management system in the future. In addition, among the machine learning algorithms, the most suitable model for predicting exposure doses is presented. The data used in this study were chest CT scan data, and a data set was constructed based on the data including the patient's anthropometric data. In the pre-processing and sample selection of the data, out of the total number of samples of 250 samples, only chest CT scans were performed without using a contrast agent, and 110 samples including height and weight variables were extracted. Of the 110 samples extracted, 66% was used as a training set, and the remaining 44% were used as a test set for verification. The exposure dose was predicted through random forest, linear regression analysis, and SVM algorithm using Orange version 3.26.0, an open software as a machine learning algorithm. Results Algorithm model prediction accuracy was R^2 0.840 for random forest, R^2 0.969 for linear regression analysis, and R^2 0.189 for SVM. As a result of verifying the prediction rate of the algorithm model, the random forest is the highest with R^2 0.986 of the random forest, R^2 0.973 of the linear regression analysis, and R^2 of 0.204 of the SVM, indicating that the model has the best predictive power.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

방패광대노린재는 2012년 제주도, 진도, 통영, 광주, 태안에서 분포가 확인되었다. 성충은 6월 하순에서 7월 초순경에 예덕나무에 출현하며 10월 말까지 관찰이 가능하다. 실내 사육은 온도 $25^{\circ}C({\pm}2)$, 습도 65%(${\pm}2$), 광주기 16L:8D의 조건에서 성충의 암 수 형태 측정, 발육특성, 기주 및 산란선호성을 조사하였다. 체장(female: 26.20 mm, male: 23.88 mm), 체폭(female: 11.35 mm, male: 10.57 mm ), 두폭(female: 3.84 mm, male: 3.64 mm), 주둥이(female: 7.90 mm, male: 7.27 mm). 더듬이(female: 9.87 mm, male: 9.69 mm), 앞다리(female: 12.50 mm, male: 12.27 mm), 가운뎃다리(female: 14.61 mm, male: 13.12 mm), 뒷다리(female: 16.90 mm, male: 16.53 mm), 생체중(female: 0.46 g, male: 0.31 g)으로 각각 조사되었다. 우리나라에는 앞가슴등판 끝에 가시가 있는 개체가 있고, 가시의 유무는 마지막 5령 탈피시 생겨난다. 암 수 구분은 생식기와 배마디의 점무늬로 구별된다. 기주선호성은 예덕나무, 무늬예덕나무, 피마자, 털인동, 감귤나무, 느티나무의 열매, 엽병, 주맥, 가지를 흡즙하였다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2009

In Korea, medical diagnostic equipments and biochemical examination can not be used in order for diagnosing sub-healthy state or ante-disease state in oriental medicine clinic. So morphic analogical method used in oriental medicine can be a good tool as a disease-predictable signs in order to enable preventive diagnosis and therapy. Therefore the four geometrical subjects; Essence, Pneuma, Spirit, Blood(四科;精氣紳血) and the four taxonomical species; Pisces, Quadruped, Aves, Carapaces(四類;魚走鳥甲) are chosen as morphic models in this paper. The differences of two classifying methods with four subjects and four species were as follows. The diagnostic category was meta-medical and synthetic against medical specific. The diagnostic object was body in contrast with face. They were able to be applicant in psychology and classification of characteristics against diagnostics and therapeutics directly in oriental medicine. The theoretical basis was basic diagrams of four unit-fluids of body and morphological analogy with four animal species respectively. And the therapeutic aims were systemic pathogenesis following five phase theory against congestion and deficiency of Essence, Pneuma, Spirit, Blood. The four subjects and four species are mixed each other practically in clinic. But it should be used limitedly because of the above reasons described and must divide the principal and secondary factors and follow the pathology of principal shape factor. In order to improve the diagnostic value of ante-disease state, the discriminable standards, measurement methods, limit of interrelating interpretation and the criteria of abnormal disproportion were needed to be defined more clearly in advance.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2012

PET-CT 검사 환자의 피폭선량 감소를 위한 기초자료 제공의 일환으로 PET-CT 검사 환자의 방사선량률의 변화를 분석하고자 하였다. PET-CT 검사 환자의 방사선량률을 측정한 결과 이론과 같이 방사성의약품이 투여된 환자로부터 거리가 멀수록, 시간이 지날수록 방사선량률은 감소되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 특히 신체부위에 따라서는 방사성의약품 정맥 주사 즉시인 약 4.17분에서는 흉부, PET-CT 검사 전 배뇨 후인 약 77.47분 이후부터는 두부가 가장 높게 나타났다. 일반화되어 있는 정보와 같이 PET-CT 검사 환자로부터 받는 방사선 피폭량을 감소시키기 위해서는 보호자나 방사선작업종사자가 환자로부터 거리를 멀리하거나 방사능이 감소된 이후의 시간부터 접촉하는 것이 바람직하다. 불가피한 접촉이 필요하다면 가능한 거리는 200 cm이상을 확보하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 초기에는 흉부, 방사성의약품 투여 후 약 77분 이후부터는 두부에 방사선량률이 높기 때문에 환자 신체적 특징을 고려한 접촉도 함께 이루어진다면 최적화 달성에 도움이 될 것이라고 보여 진다. 본 연구에서 도출된 PET-CT 검사 환자의 거리, 시간, 신체부위에 따른 방사선량률 변화를 알 수 있다는 점에서 연구에 의의가 있다고 본다. 향후 연구에서는 본 연구에서 도출된 결과를 바탕으로 환자 개인특성에 따른 방사선량률의 변화 차이를 분석하여 환자, 보호자, 종사자의 피폭선량 감소에 활용할 수 있도록 지속적인 연구가 수행되는 것이 필요하다고 본다.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.218-229
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• 2022

실리콘 카바이드(SiC) 소재를 이용해서 위성용 대구경 망원경의 경량 반사경을 제작하는 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 결함과 SiC 소재의 기계 및 열적 특성을 조사했다. SiC 반사경 제작에는 advanced ceramic material (ACM) 공법이라고 불리는 탄소성형체를 이용한 액상 실리콘 침투 소결법 및 화학기상 증착법이 사용되었으며, 크기와 형상이 다른 네 가지 SiC 반사경을 개발했다. 반사경의 크기 및 형상에 따라 구분하여 광학 소재의 결함을 검사하는 기준과 방법을 체계적으로 제시했고, 경면 표면검사 및 소재 내부 결함 탐지를 위한 비파괴 검사법과 결과에 대해 분석했다. 또한, 반사경을 설계하고, 최종 완성품의 기계적 열적 안정성을 계산하고 예측하기 위해 필요한 밀도, 탄성계수, 비열, 열전달 계수 등을 포함한 14종의 물성 계수 측정값을 공인시험을 통해 추출했으며, 특히 측정 신뢰도 향상을 위해 주요 물성인 탄성계수, 열팽창 계수, 굽힘 강도 측정 방법과 결과에 대해 자세히 연구했다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.31-45
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• 1998

인간은 태어나면서부터 모든 사물을 보고 다루는데 있어서 경험하고 교육을 받게 된다. 이러한 형태와 색채로 구성된 사물에 대한 경험과 교육은 인간이 성인이 될 때까지 그 사람의 인성과 감성 및 체질을 형성시켜 주는데 큰 영향을 주게된다. 이처럼 모든 사물은 인간이 유아에서 성년에 이르기까지 시공간에 함께 존재해 왔다는 것을 생각해 볼 때, 그것이 한 인간을 어떻게 형성시킬 수 있는가 또는, 어떻게 변화시킬 수 있는가를 미루어 짐작할 수 있다. 인간은 모든 사물로부터 주로 형태 감, 색감을 느끼게 되는데, 이러한 느낌은 개인의 생활환경 및 경험, 교육, 연령, 직업 등에 따라서 차이가 있을 수 있겠지만, 일정한 사람들이 공통적으로 선호하는 어떠한 사물의 형태와 색채가 있는 것부터 내재된 근본적인 형태 감, 색감을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 만약 어떤 사람이 자신이 원하지 않는 즉, 자신의 형태 감과 색감에서 벗어난 어떤 사물을 접했다고 가정해 보자. 적어도 이 사람은 무의식 중에라도 이 사물을 멀리하게 될 것이다. 아마도 형태와 색채를 다루는 모든 행위는 인간에게 가장 적합한 형태와 색채를 실현시킴으로써 미적인 욕구를 충족시키는 것이 될 것이다. 본 연 구는 인간이 근원적으로 갖고 있는 형태 감과 색채감에 대한 인식과 어떠한 형태 와 색채가 인간에 어떻게 심리적, 신체적으로 영향을 주느냐에 대한 내용과 사용자에게 보다 심리적, 신체적으로 유익하게 유효 적절한 형태와 색채를 제공하기 위한 감성측정 접근 방법의 모색을 과제로 삼았다. 연구결과 인간이 지니고 있는 근본적인 형태 감과 색채감은 인간 개개인의 심리와 인체의 상태에 따라 다르게 나타나고 있음과 주위의 환경요건 즉, 구체적으로 형태와 색채가 변화됨에 따라 인간의 심리와 인체가 어떻게 변화되는가 대한 원리를 음양오행 사상의 관련이론을 통해 인식하고 설문방식을 통하여 본 이론의 실제성을 확인해 보았다. 끝으로, 본 연구에서 제시한 이론은 더욱 체계화되고 심화될 때 인간에게 보다 유익하고, 유효 적절한 형태와 색채의 사물을 실현시키는데 있어서 기초적인 자세로서 활용될 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.