• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2000

The elementary schools which have played the role as core institution of farming and fishing area and the central of community are either unionized nor abolished. These appearances are showed from not only certain area but all throughout the nation. This is to investigate the abolition of elementary schools and the practical use device through the conditions of elementary schools in Chonnam area. Such problems like school carrying out or schooling course and teacher supply and demand outbreaks in the areas of school attendance population rapidly decrease. These kind of problems should be solved by linked to true character of local area, maintenance & preservation of property value, balanced expansion of the country instead of simple school attendance population decrease and abolition of school. The practical device for rapidly coming school abolition and many related problems are urgently needed. And to solve all these kind of problums, First, enough examinations before the fact and communication & agreement with local residents will be needed. Second, basic dierction of device for usage of school after abolition school should be selected.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.403-410
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• 2000

This paper deals with a study to improve the performance of Moving Coil type Linear Oscillatory Actuator (MC-LOA) considering unbalanced magnetic circuit. MC-LOA has an unbalanced magnetic circuit due to its asymmetric structure. In this type of LOA, the airgap flux density tends to have different magnitude along mover's displacement and the current directions. The above property causes eccentric of displacement center and interferes with the proper oscillation of LOA. Therefore, this paper presents two models having the unbalanced magnetic circuit and the other balanced by the saturated core. In order to compare the characteristics between the two models, a characteristic analysis for both the basic model and the improved model is performed by their dynamic analysis composed of kinetic and electric equations and Finite Element Method (FEM). The propriety of the improved model is verified through the experimental results.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.266-270
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• 2007

Small injection molded articles such as lens and mobile product's parts are usually molded in multi-cavity mold. The problems occurred in multi-cavity molding are flow imbalance among the cavities. The flow imbalance affects on the dimensions and physical properties of molded articles. First of all, the origin of flow imbalance is geometrical imbalance of delivery system. However, even the geometry of delivery system is balanced well the cavity imbalance is being developed. This comes from the unsuitable operational conditions of injection molding. Among the operational conditions, injection speed is the most significant process variable affecting the filling imbalances in multi-cavity injection molding. In this study, experimental study of flow imbalance has been conducted for various injection speeds and materials. Also, the filling Imbalances were compared with CAE results. The dimensions and physical state of multi-cavity molded parts were examined. The results showed that the filling imbalances vary according to the injection speed and flow property of resins. Subsequently, the imbalanced filling and pressure distribution in the multi-cavity affect on the dimensions and physical states of molded parts.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-55
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• 2014

A modified procedure is presented for assessing the seismic response of elastic non-proportionate multistory buildings. This procedure retains the simplicity of the methodology presented by the author in earlier papers, but it presents higher accuracy in buildings composed by very dissimilar types of bents. As a result, not only frequencies and peak values of base resultant forces are determined with higher accuracy, but also the location of the first mode center of rigidity (m1-CR). The closeness of m1-CR with the axis passing through the centers of floor masses (mass axis) implies a reduced rotational response and it is demonstrated that in elastic systemsa practically translational response is obtained when this point lies on the mass axis.Besides, when common types of buildings are detailed as planar structures under a code load, this response is maintained in the inelastic phase of their response as a result of the almost concurrent yielding of all the resisting bents. This property of m1-CR can be used by the practicing engineer as a guideline to form a structural configuration which will sustain minimum rotational response, simply by allocating the resisting elements in such a way that this point lies close to the mass axis. Inelastic multistory building structures, detailed as above, may be regarded as torsionally balanced multistory systems and this is demonstrated in eight story buildings, composed by dissimilar bents, under the ground motions of Kobe 1995 (component KJM000) and Friuli 1976 (component Tolmezzo E-W).

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2020

In Korea, the Basic Act is guaranteed through the "Act on the Guarantee of Convenience Promotion for Disabled Persons, the Elderly, Pregnant Women, etc." and various ordinances. In order to improve this situation, it is necessary to introduce Universal Design (UD). By applying this where it is most needed, access to cultural properties is enhanced to promote multiple rights. Currently, the region with the largest population of the elderly in Korea is Gyeonggi-do, but the region with the highest proportion of the elderly is Jeolla-do. However, the Jeolla-do area is lagging behind in the revision of UD regulations or guidelines. Taking this into consideration and introducing it to each facility will also help to achieve balanced national development. In order to establish and apply effective universal design-related policies, it is necessary to diagnose the aspects of social change that affect our lives. In this study, the need for UD should be expanded as a basis for expanding social activities of socially disadvantaged people in Jeollabuk-do. Its goal is to diagnose the current status of UD and to suggest directions for application of improvements.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.914-937
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 지금까지 대부분의 지방재정 논의가 중앙정부를 중심축으로 하는 지방재정의 재정분권과 형평화 효과를 중심으로 이루어지고 있다고 보고 대안적으로 수도권과 비수도권의 상생발전을 위한 수평적 형평화 기금 조성방안을 제시한다. 먼저 지역 간 재정기반의 불균등을 분석하고, 형평화 기금 조성을 위한 부동산관련 조세적 방법, 개발이익 및 개발부담금 등을 활용하는 비조세적 방법, 공동세 방법, 수도권 규제조정 및 용도지역 변경에 따른 이익활용방법을 분석한다. 마지막으로 형평화 기금의 운용을 위한 사회적 협약과 계약이론에 기반 하는 거버넌스 전략을 제시한다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2012

Research into the development of high strength (1 GPa) and superior formability, such as total elongation (10%), and stretch-flangeability (50%) in hot-rolled steel was conducted with a thermomechanically controlled hot-rolling process. To improve the overall mechanical properties simultaneously, low-carbon steel using precipitation hardening of Ti-Nb-V multimicroalloying elements was employed. And, ideal microstructural characteristics for the realization of balanced mechanical properties were determined using SEM, EBSD, and TEM analyses. The developed steel, 0.06C-2.0Mn-0.5Cr-0.2(Ti + Nb + V), consisted of ferrite as the matrix phase and second phase of granular bainite with fine carbides (20-50 nm) in both phases. The significant factor of the microstructural characteristics that affect stretch-flangeability was found to be the microstructural homogeneity. The microstructural homogeneity, manifest in such characteristics as low localization of plastic strain and internally stored energy, was identified by grain average misorientation method, analyzed by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) and hardness deviation between the phases. In summar, a hot-rolled steel having a composition 0.06C-2.0Mn-0.5Cr-0.2(Ti + Nb + V) demonstrated a tensile strength of 998 MPa, a total elongation of 19%, and a hole expansion ratio of 65%. The most important factors to satisfy the mechanical property were the presence of fine carbides and the microstructural homogeneity, which provided low hardness deviation between the phases.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.132-137
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• 2016

Field monitoring was performed to evaluate the chemical properties of 260 paddy soils every 4 years from 1999 to 2015 in Gyeongnam province. Soil chemical properties, including soil pH, electrical conductivity, amount of organic matter (OM), available phosphate ($P_2O_5$), exchangeable potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and sodium (Na), and available silicate ($SiO_2$) were analyzed. In 2015, the average values of pH, OM, available $P_2O_5$, exchangeable K, Ca, and Mg, and available $SiO_2$ was 5.8, $30g\;kg^{-1}$, $222mg\;kg^{-1}$, $0.37cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, $6.5cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, and $1.4cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$, $252mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The frequency distribution within optimum range of paddy soils was 49.2%, 20.8%, 18.5%, and 5.8% for soil pH, OM, available $P_2O_5$, and available $SiO_2$, respectively. The available $P_2O_5$ concentrations in 2015 was excess level with portion of 58% and did not alter significantly during the experimental period. Although the average of available $SiO_2$ concentration has tended to increase with every year, the insufficient proportion of available $SiO_2$ concentration in 2015 was 48%. These results indicated that a balanced management of soil chemical properties can properly control the amount of fertilizer applied for sustainable agriculture in paddy field.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.286-318
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• 1992

The objective of preventive dentistry is the maintenance of a healthy dentition for the life of a patient. Unfortunately, if an individual has not received the benefit of a comprehensive program of preventive dentistry and has finally reached the edentulous state, as a consequence, he receives a set of complete denture. Dentures are mechanical devices and subject to the principles of mechanics. In some cases, the general health and nutritional status of the patient are felt to be the causative factors. But, the most important thing in residual ridge resorption is felt to be caused by the unequal distribution of functional forces. This study was to analyze mandibular stresses of complete denture occlusion by three dimensional finite element method. The results were as follows ; 1. As deformation and stress distribution of the complete denture of the mandible were concentrated on the upper lingual side of the mandible, alveolar ridge resorption of the mandible occurred from lingual side to labio-buccal side. 2. Analyzing by three dimensional F. E. M., the mandible is a very effective form for tolerating stress and deformation biomechanically. 3. According to the concentration of stress distibution in the upper buccal side of the lower posteriors, buccal shelf area must be a primary stress bearing area in the lower complete denture. 4. Lower complete denture moved horizontally to the balancing side under lateral occlusal force. 5. Bilateral balanced occlusion should be constructed in the complete denture for denture stability, especially in the protrusive movement. 6. Physical property of the denture base material was as important for stress distribution in the denture base as or even more than that in the mandible. 7. Impression technique is very important because of most of stress was concentrated between them due to close contact of the mandible and the denture base.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.353-358
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• 2005

이 논문의 목적은 연안여객선의 항로에 공적개념을 도입시켜 항로전체의 편익을 증대하고, 업체 간 잠재적 경쟁원리를 도입하여 업체효율성을 향상시키는 실행방향에 대한 연구를 목적으로 한다. 2005년 현재 우리나라의 연안여객선은 목포, 마산, 인천 등 10여개의 생활거점 항구도시를 중심으로 106개 항로에 취항하여 이들 도서 주민의 생활교통을 담당하고 있다. 이렇듯 중요한 연안여객선이 다른 교통수단과는 대조적으로 일부 관광항로를 제외하고는 대부분 정체 내지 낙후성을 면치 못한 관계로 주민들이 다양한 서비스욕구를 충족시키지 못하고 있다. 또한 항로가 사유 재산권화 되어 있어 인위적인 항로조정 및 탄력적 선박운행을 기대할 수 없다. 따라서 도시와 도서간에 생활권 형성과 도서지역의 관광산업 등 경제활동의 활성화 제고 및 국토의 균형적 발전을 위하여 연안여객선의 대중교통화를 제안한다.