• Asian review of World Histories
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.147-167
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• 2014

The urban modernity that became an irresistible model for elites in Asia in the decades before and after 1900 was far from being gender-neutral. It represented an exceptional peak of patriarchy in its exclusion of respectable middle class women from the work force, from ownership and control of property and from politics. Marriage was indissoluble and the wife's role in the male-headed nuclear family was to care for and educate the abundant children she produced. Puritan religious values underlined the perils for women of falling outside this pattern of dependence on the male. Though upheld as modern and civilized, this ideal was in particularly striking contrast with the pre-colonial Southeast Asian pattern of economic autonomy and balance between women and men, and the relative ease of female-initiated divorce. Although attractive to many western-educated Southeast Asian men, including religious reformers determined to 'save' and domesticate women, urban respectability of this type was a poor fit for women accustomed to dominant roles in commerce and marketing, and at least equal ones in production. Southeast Asian relative failure in the high colonial era to adapt to the modern market economy may also have a gendered explanation. We should not be surprised that patriarchy and puritanism became more important in Southeast Asia as it urbanized in the late 20th Century, since this was echoing the European experience a century earlier. The question remains how far Southeast Asia could retain its relatively balanced gender pattern in face of its eventual rapid urbanization and commercial development.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.337-348
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• 2015

This research introduces the Financial Effect Measurement (FEM) models which measures both the improvement and the innovation performance of Quality Control Circle (QCC) and activities of Six Sigma. Concepts and principle of Comprehensive Income Statement (CIS), Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Time-Driven Activity Based-Costing (TDABC) and Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) are applied in order to develop the 4 FEM models presented in this paper. First of all, FEM using CIS depicts the improvement effects of production capacity and yield using relationships between demand and supply, and line balancing efficiency between bottleneck process and non-bottleneck processes. Secondly, cause-and-effect relation of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is used to present Critical Success Factor (CSF) effects for QC Story 15 steps of QCC and DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) of Six Sigma. The next is FEM model for service management innovation activities that uses TDABC to calculate the time-driven effect for improving the indirect activities according to the cost object. Lastly, FEM model for TPM activities presents the interpretation of improvement effect model of TPM Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) maintenance using profit, cash and Economic Added Value (EVA) as metrics of enterprise values. To better understand and further investigate FEMs, recent cases on National Quality Circle Contest are used to evaluate new financial effect measurement developed in this paper.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제2권1_2호
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• pp.169-182
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 정보화에 따라 국토공간구조가 어떻게 변화할 것인가에 대하여 국토정책전문가, 정보화정책전문가, 그리고 인터넷이용자에 대해 실시한 설문조사의 결과를 정리하고 그 의미를 찾고자 한다. 종합적으로 볼 때 서울의 기능과 역할이 강화될 가능성은 여전히 남아있으며 정보화의 확산정도에 따라 인구분산 내지 집중의 반전을 어느 정도 가능할 것으로 보여진다. 대도시의 외연적 확산은 어느 정도 한계를 가질 것으로 전망되며 도시내부구조는 제한된 기능적 분화와 다중심지의 출현이 전망된다. 지역의 발전잠재력 실현과 관련한 정보학 정책의 추진 등을 고려할 때 정보화는 지역간 균형발전에 기여할 기회가 보다 나은 것으로 전망한다. 전반적으로 정보화의 영향에 대하여 국토전문가보다는 정보전문가가 긍정적인 효과(지방으로의 분산, 지역격차의 해소 등)를 전망하고 있다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.510-523
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• 2014

Modern society is rapidly changing in the fields of science and technology, with new information and knowledge constantly being discovered. So enhancing the creativity and positive attitude of students is important. STEAM education enables students to develop their creativity, personality, intelligence and sensitivity with a well-balanced curriculum. In this study, considering the student's interest, a theme-centered STEAM program was developed in the 'Strata and Fossils' unit of elementary 4th grade science. The purposes were to find the impact on the academic achievement, creative problem solving abilities, and scientific attitude of elementary school students. The STEAM program are composed of contents which can be applied effectively indoors. As application results for STEAM program to J elementary school's students in J province, the experimental group increased significantly in the academic achievement, creative problem solving abilities and scientific attitude compared to the control group. Therefore, it is necessary to be developed continuous and systematic STEAM programs in units of various subjects to improve the students' academic achievement, creative problem solving abilities and scientific attitude.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.179-186
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• 2011

Objective: This study is to review three representative psychological perspectives that explain scientific construct of emotion, that are the discrete emotion model, appraisal model, and dimensional model. Background: To develop emotion sensitive interface is the fusion area of emotion and scientific technology, it is necessary to have a balanced mixture of both the scientific theory of emotion and practical engineering technology. Extensional theories of the emotional structure can provide engineers with relevant knowledge in functional application of the systems. Method: To achieve this purpose, firstly, literature review on the basic emotion model and the circuit model of discrete emotion model as well as representative theories was done. Secondly, review on the classical and modern theories of the appraisal model emphasizing cognitive appraisal in emotion provoking events was conducted. Lastly, a review on dimensional theories describing emotion by dimensions and representative theories was conducted. Results: The paper compared the three models based on the prime points of the each model. In addition, this paper also made a comment on a need for a comprehensive model an alternative to each model, which is componential model by Scherer(2001) describing numerous emotional aspects. Conclusion: However, this review suggests a need for an evolved comprehensive model taking consideration of social context effect and discrete neural circuit while pinpointing the limitation of componential model. Application: Insight obtained by extensive scientific research in human emotion can be valuable in development of emotion sensitive interface and emotion recognition technology.

• 농촌계획
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2020

As the importance of rural landscapes has recently emerged due to an increase in number of urban to rural migrants into suburban area in Korea, this study empirically grasps the differences in subjective landscapes perceptions between native and non-native residents. and tried to explore new landscape management possibilities through the role of each residents group. To this end, based on the data collected through the 'photo-elicitation with walking', the residents' landscape perception objects, perception factors, and perceived feelings are derived, and then the differences and characteristics of landscapes perception between native and non-native residents group were analyzed. As a result, native residents perceived everyday landscapes relatively meaningfully and provided abundant information in all aspects, while non-native residents mainly recognized characteristic landscapes and responded more sensitively to visual and environmental perception factors than the natives. Non-native residents also showed strong willingness to improve the degraded landscapes. These results are expected to provide a basis for exploring the role of residents in rural landscape planning and management in the future.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.212-235
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• 2021

In spite of the increasing popularity of the Ricardian model for the study of the impact of climate change on agriculture, there has been few attempts to examine the role of interregional spillovers in this framework and all of them rely on geographical proximity-based weighting schemes. We remedy to this gap by focusing on the spatial externalities of surface water flow used for irrigation purposes and demonstrate that farmland value, the usual dependent variable used in the Ricardian framework, is a function of the climate variables experienced locally and in the upstream locations. This novel approach is tested empirically on a spatial panel model estimated across the counties of the Southwest USA over 1997-2012. This region is one of the driest in the country, hence its agriculture relies heavily on irrigated surface water. The results highlight how the weather conditions in upstream counties significantly affect downstream agriculture, thus the actual impact of climate change on agriculture and subsequent adaptation policies cannot overlook the streamflow network anymore.

• 국토계획
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.5-22
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• 2018

While the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities has become important for balanced development at the national scale, they have experienced continuous decline in population and employment, particularly those in non-capital regions. In addition, some of small and medium sized cities have been classified into shrinking cities that have declined due to their long-term structural reasons. To address these issues, a regional approach, by which a hub city and its surrounding small and medium sized cities can collaborate has been suggested. Given this background, the purpose of this study is to identify and delineate hub cities and their impact areas by using travel data as a functional network index. This study uses a centrality index to identify the hub cities of small and medium sized cities and Markov-chain model and cluster analysis to delineate regional boundaries. The mean first passage time (MFPT) generated from the Markov-chain model can be interpreted as functional distance of each region. The study suggests a methodological approach delineating the boundaries of regions incorporating functional relationships of hub cities and their impact areas, and provides 59 hub cities and their impact areas. The results also provide policy implications for regional spatial planning that addresses appropriate planning boundaries of regions for enhancing the economic competitiveness of small and medium sized cities and ensuring services for shrinking cities.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.281-292
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• 2021

With the development of deep learning technology, researchers and technicians keep attempting to apply deep learning in various industrial and academic fields, including the defense. Most of these attempts assume that the data are balanced. In reality, since lots of the data are imbalanced, the classifier is not properly built and the model's performance can be low. Therefore, this study proposes cost-sensitive learning as a solution to the imbalance data problem of image classification in the defense field. In the proposed model, cost-sensitive learning is a method of giving a high weight on the cost function of a minority class. The results of cost-sensitive based model shows the test F1-score is higher when cost-sensitive learning is applied than general learning's through 160 experiments using submarine/non-submarine dataset and warship/non-warship dataset. Furthermore, statistical tests are conducted and the results are shown significantly.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2020

In Korea, the Basic Act is guaranteed through the "Act on the Guarantee of Convenience Promotion for Disabled Persons, the Elderly, Pregnant Women, etc." and various ordinances. In order to improve this situation, it is necessary to introduce Universal Design (UD). By applying this where it is most needed, access to cultural properties is enhanced to promote multiple rights. Currently, the region with the largest population of the elderly in Korea is Gyeonggi-do, but the region with the highest proportion of the elderly is Jeolla-do. However, the Jeolla-do area is lagging behind in the revision of UD regulations or guidelines. Taking this into consideration and introducing it to each facility will also help to achieve balanced national development. In order to establish and apply effective universal design-related policies, it is necessary to diagnose the aspects of social change that affect our lives. In this study, the need for UD should be expanded as a basis for expanding social activities of socially disadvantaged people in Jeollabuk-do. Its goal is to diagnose the current status of UD and to suggest directions for application of improvements.