• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.468-476
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• 2002

The confidence of information from image processing depends on the original image quality. Enhancing the confidence by an algorithm has an essential limitation. Especially, road images are exposed to lots of noisy sources, which makes image processing difficult. We, in this paper, propose a FNN (fuzzy-neural network) capable oi deciding the quality of a road image prior to extracting lane-related information. According to the decision by the FNN, road images are classified into good or bad to extract lane-related information. A CDF (cumulative distribution function), a function of edge histogram, is utilized to construct input parameters of the FNN, it is based on the fact that the shape of the CDF and the image quality has large correlation. Input pattern vector to the FNN consists of ten parameters in which nine parameters are from the CDF and the other one is from intensity distribution of raw image. Correlation analysis shows that each parameter represents the image quality well. According to the experimental results, the proposed FNN system was quite successful. We carried out simulations with real images taken by various lighting and weather conditions and achieved about 99% successful decision-making.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2003

In the power-line communication systems, there are many factors of noise and attenuation in the power-line channels, because they were designed for not the communication but the power transmission. Also the transfer function of the channels is highly changed with the topology and the load of the power-lines. To cope with these poor channel situation, channel modeling, one of the many studies in progress, is being studied hard. Channel modeling is essential to apply the active schemes to overcome the bad channel(e.g. modulation technique, channel coding, signal coupling & filtering, etc.) to the power-line communications. In this paper, we have realized the statistical model(this model is suggested as the channel modeling method for the power-line channels) that is combined the transfer function with the various noises. And we have compared and examined the results with the measured data. Also we have studied the plan which can effectively establish the channel data base for the channel information consisted of the parameters that are derived from this modeling, and we have studied the plan to utilize the data base.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.140-151
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• 2014

Objectives: Cold hypersensitivity has been regarded to be associated with digestive function. This study is aims to evaluate the correlation between digestive function and coldness of hands. Methods: We made a research of 80 women who is in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ University. The patients were subjected to thermometer, and those with thermal difference between upper arm and palm were diagnosed with cold hypersensitivity. The patients were divided into two group by cold hypersensitivity group (n=20), and non-cold hypersensitivity group (n=19), and 39 women are mesured by Nepean dyspepsia index-Korean version (NDI-K) to evaluate the severity of functional dyspepsia. Results: There was no difference between two groups on age, height, weight. In functional dyspepsia symptom score, 6 symptoms (Pain in upper abdomen, Burning in upper abdomen, Cramps in upper abdomen, Pressure in upper abdomen, Vomiting, Bad breath) out of 15 were significantly increased in cold hypersensitivity group compared with non-cold hypersensitivity group. And in quality of life score, 3 domains (Tension/sleep, Interference with daily activities, Knowledge/control) out of 5, and total quality of life score were significantly decreased in cold hypersensitivity group compared with non-cold hypersensitivity group. Conclusions: This study shows the correlation between cold hypersensitivity and digestive function.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.947-952
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• 2008

The unripe fruit of Momordica charantia (MC) has been shown to possess antidiabetic activity. However, the mechanism of its antidiabetic action has not been fully understood. In this study, the effects of the aqueous ethanolic extract of MC (AEE-MC) were evaluated on the apoptosis in pancreatic $\beta$-cells treated with a combination of the cytokines, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, and interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$. In MIN6N8 cells, the inhibitory effect of AEE-MC was significantly observed at 2 to 50 ${\mu}g/mL$: a 26.2 to 55.6% decrease of cytoplasmic DNA fragments quantified by an immunoassay. The molecular mechanisms, by which AEE-MC inhibited $\beta$-cell apoptosis, appeared to involve the inhibition on the expression of p21, Bax, and Bad, the up-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-$X_L$, and the inhibition on the cleavage of caspase-9, -7, and -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. This study suggests that MC may inhibit cytokine-induced apoptosis in $\beta$-cells and, thus, may contribute via this action to the antidiabetic influence in diabetes.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2006

This study aims to propose the comprehensive evaluation of performance multi-family housing. Most of the existing studies for the reproduction have evaluated by the safety of structure. Therefore those pass over the functional factors which is important for the evaluation of residential qualities. This study represents that the reproduction renovation should not be secured the safety of structure but established the quality of lift. And questionnaire asking expert's opinion also supplemented. As a result, the item for examination and the weight for evaluation are suggested in functional deterioration. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Existent redevelopment criteria are not appropriate to decide the environmental comfort, the vital function of housing and the residential management finance. 2. The future criteria have to evaluate the existing environmental comfort, be reconstructed to put first general deterioration. 3. Evaluation elements was extracted throughout the document research, evaluation elements analysis system was separated in residential area, suburb of dwellings, community, and housing complexity environmental assesment, 4. Each category of influence ratio was extracted to assess total deterioration throughout the expert question survey. 5. Each category analysed (1) $0{\sim}30%$: function is good (unnecessary to improve) (2) $31{\sim}40%$: average (necessary of partial improvement) (3) $41{\sim}59%$: bad (necessary of total improvement) (4) $60{\sim}100%$: the worst (unable to improve throughout the repair)

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

Autonomous vehicle is a car which drives itself without any human interaction. SAE provides technical definitions for autonomous and international standards for test evaluation. Accordingly, automobile industry is actively researching development and evaluation of various ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems), : representative technology of autonomous technology. Recently, ADAS is in the commercialization level such as ACC, LKAS, AEB, and HDA etc. And it also has issues about safety evaluation. The purpose of HDA in ADAS is reduced the driving load on highway. It has a function which can maintain lane keeping and control distance from forward vehicle. This function is evaluated to be useful for accident prevention. Therefore, this paper proposes the safety evaluation scenario of HDA, considering the domestic highway design criteria and the situation that may arise on the actual highway. We compared and analyzed the data acquired through simulation and actual vehicle test. And verified the reliability of the proposed safety evaluation scenario. The verified result is expected safety evaluation of HDA is possible even under the bad condition, which cannot be tested.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2013

In the transformation of response variable in partial linear models outliers can cause a bad effect on estimating the transformation parameter, just as in the linear models. To solve this problem the processes of estimating transformation parameter and detecting outliers are needed, but have difficulties to be performed due to the arbitrariness of the nonparametric function included in the partial linear model. In this study, through the estimation of nonparametric function and outlier detection methods such as a sequential test and a maximum trimmed likelihood estimation, processes for transforming response variable robust to outliers in partial linear models are suggested. The proposed methods are verified and compared their effectiveness by simulation study and examples.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.138-146
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• 2021

The diagnosis and treatment plan for forming ideal occlusal plane in full mouth rehabilitation are difficult because each process is complicated and information exchange between dentist and technician is subjective. The OP finder^® system simplifies this process and helps to deliver more objective and accurate information. In this case, full mouth rehabilitation was performed using OP finder^® system for patients with old bad fixed prosthesis and severely worn mandibular teeth, and reported that the result of proper occlusal plane setting and masticatory function recovery was obtained.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.191-204
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• 2007

This study analyzes use and operation of silver ambulance with 110 patients who had used silver ambulance in Gwangju and Jeonnam regions from June of 2006 to June of 2007 and 53 paramedics who are involved directly in ambulance operation and the results of this analysis are as follows. 1. Users' health conditions, 69.1% of users answered as bad and 67.3% suffered from chronic diseases over 3 months and it was found that they used silver ambulance due to their bad health conditions. 2. Cronbach's alpha was 0.630 and family function index was generally reliable and solution was high as 1.60, but total points were low as 7.11 and it was considered that they had family troubles. 3. On the question of ambulance use, 44.5% answered they used it because it is free, 53.6% used it for appointed medical examination and treatment and 18.1% used it for emergency. 4. Degrees of satisfaction with ambulance and paramedics were 95.4% and 76.4% respectively and 80.0% of ambulance users answered ambulance arrived quickly within 15 min. 5. Correlation($x^2 $) between family or relative's residence and frequency of visits was 86.367 and its significance probability was 0.00 and it was found that it was significant in the level of 0.1%, but correlation($x^2 $) between visitors other than family or relatives and frequency of visits was 14.768 and its significance probability was 0.25 and it was found that it was not significant in the level of 5%. 6. Correlation($x^2 $) between transfer operation speed and mobilization time was found that it was not significant in the level of 5%. Correlation($x^2 $) between their own health condition purpose of ambulance use was 13.802 an 5.696 and its significance probability was 0.93 and it was found that it was not significant in the level of 1%, and it was considered because paramedics carried patients with safe operation.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.57-69
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• 1992

The study has been carried out to investigate of the senile dementia by referring to 35 literratures. The results were as follows ; 1. In oriental medical science, senile dementia is belong to the category of dullness(매病), insanity(癲狂證), weak(虛勞), amnesia(健忘), etc. 2. The cause of senile dementia summarize the phlegm preventid-heart hole(痰迷心竅), marrow lack(髓海不足), aged follow weaking of body and disfunction of the internal organs(年老體弱과 臟腑機能 失調), the bad blood with vatal block(氣滯血瘀), feeling inharmony, etc in the view of oriental medical science and make the vanishment of the cerebral atrophy and the cerebral cell but havn't indicated the remarkable cause in that of western medical science. The diseases with cause make a point of Alzheimer's dementia, frequent infarction dementia, etc and psychological and environmental factor too. The marrow lack is related to Alzheimer's dementia, the feeling inharmony, psychologic and environmental factor, the phlegm prevented-heart hole and bad blood with vatal block, frequent infarction dementia. 3. The senile dementia is related cleary to the function of the internal organs in oriental medical sciences respect Especially in relation to kidney and marrow, it is presented new cause view to solve the cure problem of western medical science is studying its cause only the anatomic pathology with cerebrum and is thinking to solve cure possibility. 4. The symptom of senile dementia is as follows. The obstacle of a aspect of the Language, Emotion, Behavior. mute, speech inversion, sometimes a laugh sometimes a cry, behavior strange, failure of memory etc. 5. The treatment of senile dementia is follows. The methodes of cure apply phlegm changed-mud(豁痰化濁), self-kidney and added marrow(補腎益髓), self-energy and nutritive blood(益氣補血), vital blood(祛瘀活血), peace of mind and relief(安神情志). The medicines of cure make the most of (sesimtang, jwagui-hwan, tonggwuhwalhuel tang) add and subtract, daeboweonjeon, guibitang, and so on.