• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.136-139
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• 2023

Although cardiac myxoma is one of the most common types of benign cardiac tumors, infected cardiac myxoma is very infrequent. The diagnosis of infected cardiac myxoma may be challenging because the presenting symptoms are non-specific and established management guidelines are lacking. This report describes a 39-year-old woman with a 5-month history of uncontrolled fever, chills, and myalgia who was diagnosed with myxoma and underwent mass excision. Although blood and urine cultures were negative for growing bacteria, a pathologic examination showed that the excised mass was a left atrial myxoma, with pan-bacterial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the surgical specimen revealing Haemophilus parainfluenzae at 99.87%, resulting in a diagnosis of infected cardiac myxoma. Laboratory tests, such as PCR, may supplement culture results in the diagnosis of infected cardiac myxoma.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1856-1861
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• 2006

A Bacillus sp. A-6 strain that produced xylanase was isolated from rice bran. The optimal temperature and pH for xylanase activity of the culture supernatant of Bacillus sp. A-6 were 40$^{\circ}C$ and pH 7, respectively. The optimal temperature and pH for xylanase production in the xylan medium were 30$^{\circ}C$ and pH 9, respectively. The optimal concentrations of oat spelt xylan and peptone for xylanase production were 0.5% and 1.5%, respectively. The best nitrogen sources for xylanase production was beef extract, but xylanase production was also supported comparably by tryptone and peptone. The bacterial growth in the optimal xylan medium reached stationary growth phase after 12 h of incubation. The xylanase production in the culture supernatant increased dramatically during the initial 12 h exponential growth phase and then remained constant at 23.8-24.5 unit/ml during the stationary growth phase. The pH of the culture medium decreased from 8.8 to 6.7 during the exponential growth phase and subsequently increased to 8.1 during the stationary growth phase. Rice bran, sorghum bran, and wheat bran as well as oat spelt xylan induced xylanase production. The xylanase production was repressed when glucose was added to the xylan-containing medium.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2003

Carbon material such as graphite and activated charcoal can promote the growth of some formsog bacteria. We examined whether this bacterial growth promoting effect can have a positive influence on field crops. Refined graphite was mixed into the standard soil used in rice cultivation. Varying soil graphite mixtures of 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% were used to cultivate rice seedling for 3 weeks. After transplanting in the filed, rice plants were cultivated for 4 months. To observe the effect of graphite(carbon material) during the cultivation of rice, we examined various different growth components in this research. During the transplanting stage, growth promoting effect of carbon was observed in the 0.1% carbon added soil. However, there were not much difference between graphite added soil and standard soil in the other stages. Rice yield was highest in the soil with 0.1% graphite.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.184-192
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• 2006

Six-hundred bacterial strains from human milk and milk from Sahiwal cows, Holstein Friesian cows, and buffaloes were screened for their ability to suppress phytopathogenic fungi under in vitro conditions. A consortium of 3 strains, viz., Bacillus lentimorbus B-30486 (B-30486), B. subtilis B-30487 (B-30487), and B. lentimorbus B-30488 (B-30488), isolated from Sahiwal cow milk resulted in better biological control and plant-growth promotion than single-strain treatments. For commercial-scale production of a bioinoculant, the solid-state fermentation of sugarcane agro-industrial residues, i.e., molasses, press mud, and spent wash, using the consortium of B-30486, B-30487, and B-30488, resulted in a value-added product, useful for enhancing plant growth. The application of the consortium to sugarcane fields infested with Fusarium moniliforme and Colletotrichum falcatum resulted in a reduction of mortality and significantly higher (P=0.05) plant height, number of tillers, and cane girth when compared with the control. Furthermore, under field conditions, the treatment of sugarcane with the consortium resulted in significantly (P=0.05) greater plant growth compared with nonbacterized plants. Accordingly, this is the first report on the effective use of bacteria isolated from milk for biological control and enhancing plant growth under field conditions. Furthormore, a solid-state fermentation technology was developed that facilitates the economic utilization of agro-industrial residues for environmental conservation and improving plant and soil health.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2001

Shewanela, putrefaciene IR-1 and MR-1 were cultivated by using various combinations electron donor-acceptor, lactate-Fe(III) lactate-nitrate, pyruvate-FE(III), pyruvate-nitrate H$_2$ acetate-Fe(III) and H$_2$-acetate-nitrate. Both strains grew fermentatively on pyruvate and lactate but not on without and electron acceptor. In culture with Fe(III), both astrains grew on pyruvate and lactate but on H$_2$-acetate- CO$_2$. In cultivation with nitrate, both stains grew on pyruvate lactage and on H$_2$-acetate-CO$_2$ The growth yields of IR-1 pyruvate, pyruvate-Fe(III) and lactate-Fe(III) were about 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6(g cell/M substrate), respectively. From the growth properties of both strains on media with Fe(III) as an electron acceptor, the bacterial growth was confirmed not to be increased by addition of Fee(III) as an electron acceptor to the growth medium, which indicates a possibility that the dissimilatory reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(III) may not be coupled to free energy production.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.275-279
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• 1997

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylorl) infection is now established as the major pathogenic factor in chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. in addition, there is accumulating evidence that H. pylori plays an important role in the process of gastric carcinogenesis. On the other hand, oriental traditional medicines have been used for stomach disease for thousands of years. In the present study, methanol extract from the stem bark of Magnolia sieboldii (M. sieboldii) and its components were investigated on their inhibitory effects against urease activity and growth of H. pylori in vitro. The methanol extract of M. sieboldii significantly inhibited the growth of H. pylori ATCC 43504 at 5 mg/ml. From the further fractionation, the chloroform fraction inhibited the bacterial growth dose-dependently. Among four fractions separated from the chloroform fraction by silica gel column chromatography, MS-C-2 was the most potent. Costunolide was isolated from the MS-C-2 subtraction by preparative TLC and recrystallization using n-hexane. Anti-H. pylori effect of costunolide was investigated using one commercial strain (H. pylori ATCC 43504) and three clinical strains (H. pylon 4, 43, 82548). Costunolide exhibited potent anti-H. pylori activity, and the MIC was around $100-200{\mu}g/ml$. However, costunolide had no inhibitory effect of H. pylori urease activity at the concentration used for the growth inhibition assay. From these results, we conclude that costunolide inhibits the, growth of H. pylori by the independent manner of H. pylori urease inhibition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.186-186
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• 1996

Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia, has an ample polysaccharide(PS) capsule that is highly antigenic and is the source of PS vaccine. This investigation was undertaken to optimize the culture conditions for the production of capsular PS by type 1 pneumococcus. Among several culture media, brain heart infusion (BHI) and Casitone based media were found to support luxuriant growth of pneumococcus type 1 at the same level. Because BHI medium is rather expensive and more complex than the Casitone based media, the Casitone based media was used to study optimization of the culture condition. The phase of growth which accomodated maximum PS production was logarithmic phase. Concentrations of glucose greater than 0.2% did not enhance growth or PS production. Substitution of nitrogen sources with other resources or supplemention of various concentrations of metal ion (with the exception of calcium ion) had adverse effects on growth and PS production. On the other hand, low level aeration was beneficial for increased PS production. Addition of 3 mg/I concentration of methionine, phenylalanine, and threonine were found to enhance growth and PS production. The synergistic effect of all the favorable conditions observed in pneumococcal growth assays provided a two-fold cumulative increase in capsular PS production.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.169-174
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• 2021

Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, most often caused by bacterial infections, resulting in significant economic losses to the dairy industry. Antimicrobial resistance has been of great concern because of the extensive clinical use of antibiotics. For this reason, the development of new compounds as an alternative treatment to bovine mastitis is needed. Bee venom has been widely used as an oriental treatment for several inflammatory diseases and bacterial infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of bee venom on bacteria isolated from bovine mastitis. A total of 107 isolates from bovine mastitic milk samples collected in 2019 and 2020 in Jeonbuk province. All bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to bee venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). In order to obtain comprehensive antibacterial activities of the bee venom, we measured the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the bee venom against bacterial strains. Bee venom showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth of Gram-negative bacteria Citrobacter spp., Escherchia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Serratia spp. and Raoultella with MIC values of 96, 81, 72, 230, and 85 ㎍/mL, respectively, and Gram-positive bacterial Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. with MIC values of 29, 21 and 16 ㎍/mL, respectively. The results indicated that the MIC values were different depending on the bacterial strains, and those of Gram-positive bacteria were lower than those of Gram-negative bacteria for bee venom. These findings suggested that bee venom could be an effective antimicrobial treatment for bovine mastitis; however, further research is necessary to evaluate the mechanism underlying the antimicrobial action, its effectiveness/safety in vivo and effective application for therapeutic use.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.1 s.124
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• pp.55-60
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• 2001

The comparison of $IC_{50}$ values of Salvia plebeia R. Br. extracts on L1210, $P388D_1$ cancer and Vero normal cell lines showed that the n-hexane soluble extract of S. plebeia R. Br. retains the most growth-inhibitory activity against tumor cell lines. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract against microorganisms were also examined. Antimicrobial activity of amocla and ketoconazole as references was compared to those of other solvent extracts such as $H_2O$, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The antimicrobial activity of extract had growth inhibition activity against gramnegative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi $(MIC\;>\;200\;{\mu}g/ml)$ except for n-hexane extract. Seven bacterial strains were tested for in vitro susceptibility to the extract of S. plebeia R. Br. However the n-hexane extract of S. plebeia R. Br. inhibited the growth of several bacterial strains (MIC values between 100 and $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ for gram positive bacteria, $25\;{\mu}g/ml$ for P. putida).

• Resources Recycling
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.30-35
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• 2008

Mixed acidophilic bacteria were approached for leaching of cobalt and lithium from wastes of lithium ion battery industries. The growth substrates for the mixed mesophilic bacteria are elemental sulfur and ferrous ion. Bioleaching of the metal was due to the protonic action of sulfate ion on the metals present in the waste. It was investigated that bioleaching of cobalt was faster than lithium. Bacterial action could leach out about 80 % of cobalt and 20 % of lithium from the solid wastes within 12 days of the experimental period. Higher solid/liquid ratio was found to be detrimental for bacterial growth due to the toxic nature of the metals. At high elemental sulfur concentration, the sulfur powder was observed to be in undissolved form and hence the leaching rate also decreased with increase of sulfur amount.