• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

In this paper, a directive antenna design with a combination of electric-magnetic radiators for an radio frequency identification(RFID) system is presented. To generate a directive antenna radiation pattern, a structure combining a dipole and loop antenna is presented. A reader antenna and tag antenna are proposed for the RFID system. For the reader antenna, the frequency bandwidth defined by $S_{11}$<-10 dB is approximately from 820~990 MHz. The forward and backward gain differences are 1.5~2 dBi. For the tag antenna, the frequency bandwidth is approximately from 860~920 MHz with a maximum gain of 3.58 dBi at 910 MHz. In both cases, directive radiation characteristics are observed.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.2681-2692
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• 1996

The finite-volume method for radiation in a three-dimensional non-orthogonal gas turbine combustion chamber with absorbing, emitting and anisotropically scattering medium is presented. The governing radiative transfer equation and its discretization equation using the step scheme are examined, while geometric relations which transform the Cartesian coordinate to a general body-fitted coordinate are provided to close the finite-volume formulation. The scattering phase function is modeled by a Legendre polynomial series. After a benchmark solution for three-dimensional rectangular combustor is obtained to validate the present formulation, a problem in three-dimensional non-orthogonal gas turbine combustor is investigated by changing such parameters as scattering albedo, scattering phase function and optical thickness. Heat flux in case of isotropic scattering is the same as that of non-scattering with specified heat generation in the medium. Forward scattering is found to produce higher radiative heat flux at hot and cold wall than backward scattering and optical thickness is also shown to play an important role in the problem. Results show that finite-volume method for radiation works well in orthogonal and non-orthogonal systems.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.815-824
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze the meteorological characteristics of wintertime high PM10 concentration episodes in Busan. $PM_{10}$ concentration has been reduced for the past four years and recorded near or exceeded 100 ${\mu}g/m^3$ (national standard of $PM_{10}$). High concentration episodes in Busan were 6 case, $PM_{2.5}/PM_{10}$ ratio was 0.36~0.39(mean 0.55). High $PM_{10}$ concentration occurred during higher air temperature, more solar radiation and sunshine, lower relative humidity, and smaller cloud amount. Synoptically, it also occurred when Busan was in the center or the edge of anticyclone and when sea breeze intruded. An analysis of upper air sounding showed that high $PM_{10}$ concentration occurred when surface inversion layer and upper subsidence inversion layer existed, and when boundary layer depth and vertical mixing coefficient were low. An analysis of backward trajectory of air mass showed that high $PM_{10}$ concentration was largely affected by long range transport considering that it occurs when air mass is intruded from China.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.671-676
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• 2001

This study are development results of solar hot water system for anchovy proceeding. The heat amounts of boiling vessel are calculated 292.66W at forward and backward direction, and surface direction are calculated 373.14W. The polyenoic rate of anchovy are measured lower as high temperature, but monoenoic and polyacid are higher. Then the others. The maximum radiation of anchovy fishing grounds are shown $350kcal/m^2h$ at pm. 13:00, Chungdo in CHINA. Distributions of Velocity and temperature in boiling vessel are calculation. Solar collector and boiling vessel for anchovy proceeding ship are developed to automatic control system.

• 소음진동
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.131-140
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• 1999

A method to reconstruct the sound field around a Korean bell is developed. The sound radiation problem is formulated based on the boundary element method by using the algorithm of the acoustical holography. Sound pressures at the hologram surface are measured and used as input data for the analysis program that was developed in this study. An error minimization scheme is presented to overcome difficulties that arise in the backward reconstruction of the BEM-based acoustical holography In the model fictitious source surfaces were also introduced to reduce the complexity stemmed from the source shape. The sound field associated with the (4.0) vibrational mode of the Korean bell was visualized and verified experimentally.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

[ $1.71{\mu}m$ ] 범위의 표면 거칠기를 가진 철 시편에 대해 물속에서 후방산란된 초음파의 입사각 의존성(프로파일)이 측정되었다. 거칠기가 도색에 의해 숨겨졌을 때 수직 프로파일은 거칠기에 대한 분별력이 사라졌으나 레일리 각 근처에서의 후방산란 프로파일은 거칠기 의존성을 여전히 보여주었다. 레일리 각에서 직접 복사된 프로파일 세기는 거칠기와 비례하였고 코너에서 반사되어 되돌아오는 표면파로부터의 후방복사의 세기는 거칠기와 반비례하였다. 도색 처리된 시편에서 0.03 파장 이하의 직접 후방복사에서도 선형성이 관찰되었고 주기적 거칠기에 의해 발생한 비정상 저면 다중반사 현상이 사라졌다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.1416-1426
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 이동통신 중계용 방향성 다이폴 안테나의 소형화 방안과 다중대역 특성을 가지게 하는 구조를 제안한다. 무지향성의 다이폴 안테나에 평면 반사판을 적용하면 넓은 빔폭의 전면 방향성을 가지게 된다. 방향성 다이폴의 소형화를 위해 반사판의 크기를 줄였고, 이때 생기는 후면 방사 문제를 해결하기 위해 수직 스터브를 제안하였다. 또한, 수직 스터브에 다이폴 방향으로 수평 스터브를 연결하면 다이폴의 유효 전류 길이가 증가하게 되어 안테나를 더욱 소형화할 수가 있다. 현재의 이동통신 서비스 시장의 추세에 따라 안테나를 다중/광대역화하기 위해 서로 다른 주파수에서 동작하는 다이폴 안테나를 전자기 결합하여 다중/광대역 특성을 가지게 설계 하였다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 1995

Purpose : To determine the perturbation effect in the tissue downstream from surface layers of lesions located in the air/tumor-tissue interface of larynx using 6MV photon beam. Materials and Methods : Thermoluminescent dosimeters(TLDs), were embedded at 3 measurement locations in slab no. 7 of a humanoid phantom and exposed to forward and backward direction using various field sizes($4{\times}4cm^2\;-\;15{\times}15cm^2$). Results : At the air/tissue interface, forward dose perturbation factor(FDPF) is about 1.085 with $4{\times}4cm^2,\;1.05\;with\;7{\times}7cm^2,\;1.048\;with\;10{\times}10cm^2$ and $1.041\;with\;15{\times}15cm^2$. Backscatter dose perturbation factor(BDPF) is about 0.99 with $4{\times}4cm^2$, 0.981 with $7{\times}7cm^2$, 0.956 with $10{\times}10cm^2$ and 0.97 with $15{\times}15cm^2$. Conclusion : FDPF is greater as field size is smaller. And FDPF is smaller as the distance is further from the air/tissue interface.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.32-43
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• 1999

본 논문에서는 QMSA에 전기력선의 제한이 없도록 용량을 장하한 변형된 QMSA를 설계했다. 설계.제작 된 안테나는 2.0 GHz의 중심 주파수에서 5.7 %의 대역폭을 갖고 임의의 급전점 변화에 따라 대역폭과 공진 주파수의 변화를 보였다. 용량을 장하하기 위한 좌. 우측 평행 평판사이 넓은 스롯폭의 크기는 매우 넓은 대역폭을 갖기 때문에 광대역 통신 시스템에 응용휠 수 있다. 설계된 안테나의 방사 패턴 특성은 다이폴 구조와 개구연 구조 해석법을 기초로 하였다. 계산 결과, 상대적인 후방 방사는 -5dB 정도였다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2015년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.43-44
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• 2015

LTE-Advanced system has been deployed with 2 and 4 transmission antennas (Tx) while the specification supports up to 8Tx. Due to deployment space, antenna dimension and complexity, the needs of deploying 8Tx system has not been motivated by operators. Recently, three dimensional (3D) beamforming with active antenna has attracted significant attention in the wireless industry. By incorporating 2D active array into LTE-A systems, the system offers freedom in controlling radiation on elevation and horizontal dimension. When the number of antennas increases in the form of 2D arrangement, spatial separation can be realized simultaneously in horizontal and elevation domain and vertical beam-steering can increase SINR of UEs in high floors. In this paper, we study the system operations and implementations for supporting 3D beamforming with 8Tx antennas. In our schemes, by reusing the conventional CSI feedback framework, the system can operate 2D active array without harming the backward compatibility. Evaluation results show that 3D beamforming provides capacity boosting over the conventional 2D beamforming systems while keeping same antenna structure.