• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.140-150
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• 2008

Point Coordination Function (PCF) of the IEEE 802.11 protocol providing a centrally-controlled polling-based multiple access to a wireless channel is very efficient in high load conditions. However, its performance degrades with increasing the number of terminals and decreasing the load, because of wastes related to unsuccessful polling attempts. To solve the problem, we propose and study analytically the generic dynamic polling policy using backoff concept. For this aim, we develop Markov models describing the network queues changes, what allows us to estimate such performance measures as the average MAC service time and the average MAC sojourn time, to show the dynamic polling efficiency and to tune optimally the backoff rule.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.857-869
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• 2016

This paper proposes an X-MAC/BEB protocol that runs a binary exponential backoff (BEB) algorithm on top of an X-MAC protocol to save more energy by reducing collision, especially in densely populated wireless sensor networks (WSNs). X-MAC, a lightweight asynchronous duty cycle medium access control (MAC) protocol, was introduced for spending less energy than its predecessor, B-MAC. One of X-MAC 's conspicuous technique is a mechanism to allow senders to promptly send their data when their receivers wake up. X-MAC, however, has no mechanism to deal with sudden traffic fluctuations that often occur whenever closely located nodes simultaneously diffuse their sense data. To precisely evaluate the impact of the BEB algorithm on X-MAC, this paper builds an analytical model of X-MAC/BEB that integrates the BEB model with the X-MAC model. The analytical and simulation results confirmed that X-MAC/BEB outperformed X-MAC in terms of throughput, delay, and energy consumption, especially in congested WSNs.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.220-224
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• 2015

The DCF (Dcistributed Coordination Function) and PCF (Point Coordination Function) are the basic MAC (Medium Access Control) protocols of IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs. According to the DCF, each node performs the exponential backoff algorithm before the transmission of its data frame. Each node doubles the backoff waiting time before the transmission of its data frame whenever it detects the transmission collision with other nodes. Therefore, as the number of the active nodes having the data frames to transmit increases, the overall MAC performance of the DCF decreases. On the other hand, according to the PCF, each node is granted the transmission opportunity by which the PCF transmission is possible without the collision with other nodes. Therefore, as the number of the active nodes increases, the MAC performance of the PCF increases, In this paper, considering the tradeoff of MAC performance between the DCF and PCF, a hybrid MAC protocol is proposed to enhance the performance of IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.307-311
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• 2006

Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) in IEEE 802.11 and Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) in IEEE 802.11e are contention-based access mechanism in Wireless LAN. Both DCF and EDCA reduce collisions based on inter-frame space (IFS) and backoff mechanisms. However, collisions are unavoidable even with the two mechanisms. Especially, in the EDCA model, the collision can be classified into interclass and intraclass collision. To eliminate interclass collision in Wireless LAN, we propose an interclass collision protection (ICP) scheme by employing contention protection period (CPP) after backoff, Analysis is performed for one dimensional EDCA model and for the proposed ICP based EDCA model.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.3C
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• pp.224-232
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• 2012

Priority MAC is an important issue in every communication system when we consider differentiated service applications. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to support priority MAC based on multi-parameters for IEEE 802.15.7 visible light communication (VLC). By using three parameters such as number of backoff times (NB), backoff exponent (BE) and contention window (CW), we provide priority for multi-level differentiated service applications. We consider beacon-enabled VLC personal area network (VPAN) mode with slotted version for random access algorithm in this paper. Based on a discrete-time Markov chain, we analyze the performance of proposed mechanism under non-saturation environments. By building a Markov chain model for multi-parameters, this paper presents the throughput and transmission delay time for VLC system. Numerical results show that we can apply three parameters to control the priority for VLC MAC protocol.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05b
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2003

Mobiel IP 기반의 이동 호스트의 핸드오프시 새로운 COA를 HA에 등록하는 과정에서 많은 지연이 발생한다. 본 논문에서는 802.11 무선 LAN 환경에서 Mobile IP 기반의 이동 호스트가 핸드오프를 수행할 때 발생하는 전송 지연을 줄이기 위한 방안을 제안한다. 제안된 방식은 핸드오프 시 발생하는 전송 지연을 줄이기 위해서 802.11 MAC에서 일반적인 트래픽과 이동 호스트가 새 COA를 HA에 등록하기 위해서 발생하는 등록 요청 메세지를 분리해서 백오프를 처리한다. NS-2를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 한 결과, 일반적인 트래픽과 둥록 요청 메세지를 분리해서 백오프를 처리한 경우 Mobile IP 핸드오프 과정에서 발생하는 지연이 줄어들었음을 보였다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.1462-1476
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• 2017

The current literature on discrete-time Markov chain (DTMC) based analysis of IEEE 802.15.6 MAC protocols for wireless body area networks (WBANs), do not consider the ACK timeout state, wherein the colliding nodes check the ill fate of their transmissions, while other contending nodes perform backoff check that slot as usual. In this paper, our DTMC model accurately captures the carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism of IEEE 802.15.6 medium access control (MAC) and allows the contending nodes performing backoff to utilize the ACK timeout slot during collisions. The compared rigorous results are obtained by considering a non-ideal channel in non-saturation conditions, and CSMA/CA parameters pertaining to UWB PHY of IEEE 802.15.6 MAC protocols.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.311-321
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• 2014

This paper focuses on contention-based medium access control (MAC) protocols used in wireless local area networks. We propose a novel MAC protocol called adaptive backoff tuning MAC (ABTMAC) based on IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function (DCF). In our proposed MAC protocol, we utilize a fixed transmission attempt rate and each node dynamically adjusts its backoff window size considering the current network status. We determined the appropriate transmission attempt rate for both cases where the request-to-send/clear-to-send mechanism was and was not employed. Robustness against performance degradation caused by the difference between desired and actual values of the attempt rate parameter is considered when setting it. The performance of the protocol is evaluated analytically and through simulations. These results indicate that a wireless network utilizing ABTMAC performs better than one using IEEE 802.11 DCF.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2012

This paper presents a fair MAC protocol based on the CSMA/CA algorithm in visible light communication (VLC) networks. The problem of bandwidth sharing among differentiated priority in VLC networks can be solved by using number of backoff time and backoff exponent parameters with AIFS. The proposed algorithm can achieve fair allocation of the bandwidth resource among differentiated priority. The two dimension Markov chain is assisted for analyzing the proposed mechanism about throughput and delay metrics. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithm improves the fairness among different traffic flows.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1371-1374
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• 2005

지금까지 IEEE 802.11 WLAN 에서 많이 연구되어진 주제는 노드들 간의 공평성(fairness)과 처리량(throughput)을 높이는데 중점이 맞추어진 것들이 대부분이었다. 성능을 높이기 위한 AP의 CW값에 관한 연구는 노드들 간에 관한 연구에 비하여 비교적 적은 편이다. 지금은 노드들과 AP가 충돌하게 되면 BEB(Binary Exponential backoff)방식으로 셋팅되어 사용하게 있기 때문에 1:N의 불공평한(unfairness) 상황이 발생한다. AP에서 노드들로 가는 하향링크(downlink) 전송이 많은 상황에서 AP가 다른 노드들과 똑같은 채널 접근확률을 가지는 것은 바람직하지 않기 때문에 AP에게 우선권(priority)을 주어 전체 성능을 높이는 것이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 AP의 CW(Contention Window)값이 변화함에 따라 전체 성능에 끼치는 영향과 노드 수의 변화에 따른 AP의 적절한 백오프 CW값을 분석해 보고자 한다.