• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.47-54
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to investigate the effects of lumbar stabilization exercise and lower extremity strengthening program on pain, lower extremity muscle in patients with chronic low back pain. Method: The subject were randomly divided two groups. 15 people who were conducted lower extremity exercises and lumbar stabilization exercises called the combined exercise group and other(15 people) who were only conducted lower extremity exercise group. The assessment tools were the pain level and the led muscle power. Exercise was conducted for eight weeks. Result: Pain of the combined exercise group showed significant differences in the change in pain level(p<.05). The leg muscle power showed significant differences within group which hip flexor, extensor muscles and abductor muscles. there were significant differences within combined exercise group (p<.05). But the knee joint in each group showed a significant difference within group (p<.05). Conclusion: This study suggest that the lumbar stabilization exercises and lower extremity exercises showed more efficient results in the pain levels and leg muscles power than only the lower extremity exercise for patients with lumbar instability.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.61-69
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the electromyography (EMG) activities of the lumbar extensor muscles during motion of trunk flexion-extension and compare range of motion (ROM) with a 3-dimensional motion analysis system of the lumbar region between subjects with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and healthy subjects during the trunk flexion-extension, trunk rotation and trunk lateral flexion cycle. Thirty CLBP subjects and thirty healthy subjects were included. We measured the root mean square (RMS) value of the lumbar extensor muscles from resting, standing, lumbar flexion and return position. The RMS ratio was normalized from maximal EMG activity of the lumbar extensor muscles during trunk motion. The results of this study showed that the RMS ratio of the lumbar extensor was significantly higher in CLBP subjects than healthy subjects during all of trunk motion (p<.05). The ratio of the highest RMS value during flexion and extension was higher in CLBP subjects than in healthy subjects (p<.05). The ROM of the lumbar region was significantly lower in CLBP subjects than healthy subjects during trunk flexion-extension, trunk rotation and lateral flexion cycle. The relationship between the RMS ratio for full lumbar flexion and the ROM of lumbar flexion was not correlated significantly. CLBP subjects have both decreased ROM of the lumbar region and higher muscle activities of the lumbar extensor muscle than healthy subjects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.613-620
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• 2013

This study was conducted to measure and analyze the changes in paraspinal muscles of acute and chronic low back pain patients using MRI, and to provide clinical basic data for diagnosis and treatment for low back pain. For this purpose, 20 patients with acute low back pain frome August 2012 to January 2013 which occurred within 12 weeks, and 20 patients with chronic low back pain that progressed over 12 weeks, were chosen as subjects, and their MRI measurements were compared with one another. As a result, in relation to in the fatty degeneration ratio of the left spine and right spine, there were significant differences in erector spinae and multifidus(p<.001), and in relation to the Fat Infiltration ratio between all the groups, there were significant differences in psoas major, erector spinae and multifidus between the acute low back pain patient group and the chronic low back pain patient group(p<.001). In the post-hoc test, multifidus and erector spinae in the acute low back pain group and chronic low back pain group showed the highest Fat Infiltration ratio. The serious Fat Infiltration of multifidus and erector spinae in the chronic low back pain group led to weakened strength of muscles that stabilize the spine. In conclusion, it is considered that this study would present important data and basis in making acute and chronic low back pain patients pay more attention to multifidus and psoas major during rehabilitation exercise, and selecting a rehabilitation exercise program.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.229-230
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2007

Obejectives : Slow-motion strengthening trainings build up muscles better than any other type of training, these exercises focus on balancing and strengthening the muscles in the anatomical center of the body - the core - which includes the back, hip and abdominal muscles. Methods : We had a concept of 'core', and compared core muscles with 12 meridian tendino-musculature based on Thomas Myers' myofascial meridian. Results : It has been suggested that the core muscles correspond to meridians of foot- three Yin and foot- three Yang. The study of core muscles strengthening exercise and movement therapy is requred.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-68
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• 1992

One hundred and four patients who complained of chest pain or back pain in the region between scapular were studied. In most cases, anatomical location of pain was in the rhomboid or serratus anterior muscle. Hyperactivity of dorsal scapular nerve or long thoracic nerve which innervate those muscles was thought to be responsible for the pain. The hyperactivity of the nerves may be due to the spasm of the scalenus medius muscle which the nerves meet during their course to the rhomboid or serratus anterior muscles. Therefore, spasmolytic treatment including trigger point injection, physical therapy, laser therapy, or NSAIDs may be effective for the treatment of chest pain or back pain.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of change in the unstable support surface location during bridge exercise on the muscle activity of erector spinae and gluteus maximus. Research design, data and methodology: 12 healthy participants aged 23.32 ±1.02 were measured muscle activities of erector spinae and gluteus maximus during bridge exercise and compared between the exercise conditions; unstable support surface located on upper back and feet during bridge exercise. Paired t-test was performed to identify whether there was a significant difference in the muscle activities between the exercise conditions. Results: As a result, even though higher levels of the averaged muscle activities of both erector spinae and gluteus maximus during exercise in unstable support surface located on feet than upper back were observed, no significant differences were found. Conclusions: The change of unstable support surface location during bridge exercise for low back pain rehabilitation would be more appropriate to be used to increase levels of tension of muscle activities and train fine motor control rather than to strengthening muscle strength.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-32
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare chronic low back pain patients' pain provocation position so as to identify the relevance with lumbar stabilizing muscles atrophy and pain provocation position. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifty five chronic low back pain patients were participated in this study. Subjects were eligible for study participation if they were 35-55 years old and had experienced low back pain for more than 3 months. Subjects were questioned about pain and pain provocation test were done. And then they were inspected their cross sectional area (CSA) of lumbar muscles (erector spinae, iliopsoas, and multifidus) by using computed tomography. Analyze the relevance through the result data with painful area, aspect of pain and pain provocation position. Results: CSA of erector spinae showed significant decrease on ipsilateral extension position (p<0.05). Iliopsoas muscle showed significant decrease on contralateral position (p<0.05). Multifidus showed significant decrease on the position of contralateral extension and contralateral flexion (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on the results of our study, it may be possible to evaluate muscle atrophy by assessing causing position.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.78-86
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• 1997

Back muscles play an important role in protecting the spine. Epidemiological studies have shown that loads imposed on the human spine during daily living play a significant role in the onset of low back pain. No previous study has attempted to correlate the response of the trunk musculature with the type of external load. The purpose of this study was to use surface electromyography (EMG) to quantify the relative demands placed on the back muscles while lifting loads in one hand. Forty asymptomatic, twenty year-old subjects stood while lifting loads of 10% of body weight(BW) unilaterally. All EMG data were normalized to a percentage of the EMG voltage produced during no-load standing(%EMG). Our major analysis involved a paired t-test for repeated measures. Of particular note was the fact that the ipsilateral 10% of BW condition produced statistically less % EMG change than did the contralateral 10% of the condition.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2006

Low back pain is often experienced by many people who are in an activity flag. Their work and daily life are affected by low back pain. There are many causes of low back pain. Among those many causes, this study was focused on a relation between low back pain and the tightness of iliopsoas. The study was implemented by measuring the angles of the hip joints in subjects consisting of a 30 patients group, who had been selected from the outpatients at the Median Hospital, and a 30 people control group from the outpatients at the M Hospital and employee of M hospital. The patients group consists of the patients with low back pain who have intermittently or continuously experienced low back pain within the last 6 months. The group also had no symptom of spondylolysis or spondylolithesis and no muscular abnormality in terms of pathology without any experience of disc or spine fusion operation. The control group consisted out of persons who had never experienced lower back pain and had never been subjected to physical therapy due to lower back pain. The hip joint angles of the subjects of this study were measured by means of the modified Thomas test position. Data was analysed by independent sampling t-test using SPSS 11.0. The following results were obtained: 1. The measured angles of patient's both hip joints were significantly smaller than the control group's. 2. In the males group, The angles of patients' both hip joints were smaller than the controls'. In the females group, The angles of patients' both hip joints were smaller than the controls'. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the tightness of the iliopsoas muscles when comparing the patient group with the control group. We should therefore pay more attention in releasing the muscle tightness of iliopsoas muscles when performing physical therapy with patients with lower back pain.