• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2014

Form of backdoor penetration attacks "trapdoor" penetration points to bypass the security features and allow direct access to the data. Backdoor without modifying the source code is available, and even code generation can also be modified after compilation. This approach by rewriting the compiler when you compile the source code to insert a specific area in the back door can be due to the use of the method. Defense operations and the basic structure of the backdoor or off depending on the nature of the damage area can be a little different way. This study is based on the diagnosis of a back door operating mechanism acting backdoor analysis methods derived. Research purposes in advance of the attack patterns of malicious code can respond in a way that is intended to be developed. If we identify the structures of backdoor and the infections patterns through the analysis, in the future we can secure the useful information about malicious behaviors corresponding to hacking attacks.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2024.07a
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• pp.1275-1276
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• 2024

Construction is like a symbol of social development. Buildings and public infrastructures are required to support people's lives and a country's development. With the increasing construction, the waste of construction increases as well. Demolition wastes from existing buildings or urban renewal plans also increase the waste quantity. Construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are majorly inorganic materials and have high recycling potential. However, the recycling rate of CDW is not 100% and needs more methods to raise the rate. In Taiwan, the CDW has two authorities, one is CDW waste managed by the Ministry of Environment (MoE), and the other is construction spoil soils managed by the National Land Management Agency, Ministry of Interior. In 2022, the CDW waste is 2.12 million tons, and construction spoil soils are around 43 million m³. In this study, the current status of CDW in Taiwan was reviewed and material flow analysis was applied to link the materials sources to CDW. The results showed that 35% of waste concrete flowed back to the source materials and 65% was disposed of or used as secondary materials. However, 95% of waste steel was used back as raw materials and only 5% was disposed of or used in other materials. To increase the recycling of CDW, the priority method is to force the material separation onsite. Mixing CDW would increase the cost of recycling and decrease the market competition ability. New technology to collect and recycle the CDW as a new material is also recommended. Finally, a new law, the Resources Recycling Promotion Law, is coming in this year, 2024, which is expected to turn the waste into resources in Taiwan.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.28-47
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data to assist students and industrial designers in fashion by examining the trend of designing women's wear with the SCAMPER method. In the research, the seven types of SCAMPER methods for fashion design were classified based on the previous studies. From 2010 S/S to 2020 S/S, data from 5,149 photographs were collected through overlapping checks and classified by SCAMPER method type. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 for frequency analysis. As a result, in the SCAMPER "combine" method, more than two items were combined, or structural details were combined with items. In the most applied "adapt" method was involved imitating similar images, or natural forms, or other objects. The "modify" method was applied by changing the shape of some details in basic fashion items. The "magnify" method was applied by enlarging, elongating, or elevating some details of fashion items. The "minify" method was applied by minimizing, shortening, or lowering some details of basic fashion. The method of "put to other use" was expressed throughout the clothing by using non-fabric or trimmings such as metal, beads, and strings. The "rearrange" method was applied by repositioning the top and bottom, front and back, or outside and inside in fashion items and in details. The "reverse" method was applied by reversing the style of fashion, mix-and-match fabric, or switching the gender of the fashion items.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.401-408
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a lower extremity exercise program on muscle strength and flexibility in women with knee osteoarthritis. Method: This study was conducted using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 35 women with knee osteoarthritis. The experimental group performed the lower extremity exercise program, which was an adapted BeHaS exercise program developed by Kim(2006). It consisted of approximately 65-130 minutes per one session, two days a week, for twelve weeks. Lower extremity muscle strength was measured by the Seated Leg Press Machine (TY-H2217, made in Korea), back muscle strength by back muscle strength scale (TKK 5402, made in Japan) and flexibility, by Sit and Reach tester (01285, U.S.A). Data were gathered from September 2005 to March 2006. Frequency, $X^2$ test and t-test were used to analyze the data. SPSS Win 11.0 was used to assist analysis. For normal distribution of data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was done. Results: There were statistical differences in the mean strength of both legs together, strength in leg with more pain(p=.044; p=.046), sit and standing time (p=.007), and back strength (p=.021). Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that a lower extremity exercise program can help improve lower extremity muscle strength in women with osteoarthritis.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.5-14
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• 1994

This paper is about an experiment of speaker-independent automatic Korean spoken words recognition using Multi-Layered Perceptron and Error Back-propagation algorithm. The object words are 50 citynames of D.D.D local numbers. 43 of those are 2 syllables and the rest 7 are 3 syllables. The words were not segmented into syllables or phonemes, and some feature components extracted from the words in equal gap were applied to the neural network. That led independent result on the speech duration, and the PARCOR coefficients calculated from the frames using linear predictive analysis were employed as feature components. This paper tried to find out the optimum conditions through 4 differerent experiments which are comparison between total and pre-classified training, dependency of recognition rate on the number of frames and PAROCR order, recognition change due to the number of neurons in the hidden layer, and the comparison of the output pattern composition method of output neurons. As a result, the recognition rate of $89.6\%$ is obtaimed through the research.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.155-165
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• 2014

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop an office chair enabling to keep working at reclined sitting posture. Background: Sedentary workers are supposed to change the posture frequently during long hours of sitting. A reclined sitting position has been recommended to reduce disc pressure. But slumped sitting posture caused by the buttock sliding forward without any adjustment of back reclining is commonly observed. The worker seems to have tendency to change the sitting posture maintaining working condition. We assumed the reason to be their hands movement away from the working space when tilting backward. Method: Slide mechanism allowing seat to move forward was designed to maintain the hand position in working space during reclining. A prototype was manufactured and tilting motion was analyzed using motion capture system. Four experiment chairs were tested including the manufactured prototype chair and three other commercial chairs. Results: A backward movements of the hand position were 13.0mm, 101.7mm, 156.1mm and 139.3mm at the prototype chair, compared to chair B, chair C and chair D, respectively. And the movement was remarkably small at the prototype chair. Conclusion: The developed seat sliding chair allows back tilting maintaining hand position at working space. We expect the user tilting back more often than normal tilting chair during seated work. But further investigation is required to figure out the effectiveness of the developed chair using prolonged working hours. Application: The developed office chair directly affects commercialization.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.727-743
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• 2018

In this study, we used the 3D simulation program to create bodice patterns for adolescents boy students and analyze the fitting and air gap through 3D simulation. The purpose of this study was to select the bodice pattern method that best suited the body shapes of the adolescents male students. The subjects of this study were the French E pattern, Japanese N pattern, and Korean industrial L and J patterns. The applied size was the sixth Korean human body size survey data of 2010 Korea. The age range of the subjects was 13-18 years. DC Suite Program Ver. 5.1 was used, and SPSS 23.0 program was used for data analysis. As a result of comparing the shapes of the bodice patterns in the 3D simulation program, the E pattern had two waist darts on the front and one shoulder dart and one waist dart on the back, and the J and L patterns only had one dart on the back. The N pattern had no darts on either the front or back. As a result of examining the appearance evaluation of the pattern, air gap, color distribution, and clothing cross-section, the E pattern was evaluated as the closest to the body, and the N pattern was evaluated as the pattern with the largest allowance. The J pattern was evaluated as the best fit for body shape of the male adolescents. However, it is necessary to develop a pattern system by adding extra ease in setting the center front length.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 6 weeks of sling exercises on female patients 20 years of age with low back pain according to flexibility, balance, muscle strength and pelvic tilt. Method : The 20 female patients who complained of back pain were divided into two groups. The experimental group exercised for 40 minutes, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. The control group did not. Both groups were measure for flexibility, balance, muscular strength, and pelvic tilt angle. Result : Curvature of the experimental flexibility, stretch, balance, muscle strength of the trunk forward, backward, left rotation, right rotation for the sling exercise group had significant differences. However, pelvic tilt did not show a significant difference. Control of the stretch of the flexibility, balance, and muscle strength of the trunk posterior showed significant differences for the sling exercise group. Conclusion : Although significant differences were found in flexibility, balance, muscular strength, there was no difference in pelvic tilt. When selecting subjects, we believe patients with regular patterns of pain will be more effective for statistical analysis of the changes in pelvic tilt.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.133-135
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• 2008

Background and Objectives: The voice changes can occur in peritonsillar abscess and the labeling of this changes as a "muffled voice". The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in acoustic feature of voice before and after treatment in patients with peritonsillar abscess. Materials and Method: 12 patients with peritonsillar abscess were enrolled in the study. Acoustic analysis on sustained Korean vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ were performed before and after treatment. Results: In patients with peritonsillar abscess, the first formant frequency (F1) and second formant frequency (F2) of /a/ were decreased. There was tendency of articulation of back-low vowel /a/ as back-high vowel /u/. F1 of /i/ and /u/ were increased, while F2 were decreased. There was tendency of articulation of front-high vowel /i/ as back-low vowel /a/. The third, forth, fifth formant frequency (F3, F4, F5) of /a/, /i/ and /u/ were decreased although statistically not significant. Conclusion: The anatomical and functional changes of oropharynx by peritonsillar abscess can cause changes in resonance and speech quality. We suggest that these changes could be the cause of 'muffled voice' in patients of peritonsillar abscess.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.665-680
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• 1997

The specific absorption rate (SAR) distributions in various models of the human head have been analyzed when the models are exposed to 350 MHz and 900 MHz plane waves. The numerical analysis is performed with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. A homogeneous sphere including a cylinderical neck, a homogeneous head shaped model, and a heterogeneous realistic model are used as models of human head. The incident plane wave used for these calculations is propagating from the front to the back or from the back to the front of the head model, with its E-field vector orientation being parallel to the major length of the body. The specific findings are: 1) the average SARs of the three models are similar mutually but the local SARs of them differ greatly mutually; 2) the power is deposed more deeply in the head at 350 MHz, which is roughly the resonant frequency of a human head, than at 900 MHz; 3) for a plane wave propagating from the back, "hot spot" is found in the neck region, not in the head; 4) for a plane wave propagating from the front, "hot spot" is found in the nose at 900 MHz, and in the upper part of the lip and the jaw region at 350 MHz.