• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2003

The nonionic surfactant properties of ethoxylated azo dyes, such ai cloud point and surface tension have been investigated. The synthesized ethoxylated azo dyes could dye polyester fabric without any special pre-treatment. When the average number of ethylene oxide (EO) in the ethoxylated azo dye reached 6, its fixation could exceed $90^{\circ}C$ from the thermosol dyeing process. The average degree of condensation of ethylene glycol in the chain was interrelated with the dyeing results and did not affect on the maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) of the polyoxyethylene dye. When the average length of polyoxyethylene chain decreased, the molecular weight of dyes became smaller and the fixation of dyes was improved.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.299-310
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• 2012

This article describes the synthesis of a novel N-substituted pyrrole monomer containing an azobenzene group. The 2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(4-nitrophenyl) azo]-phenyl] amino] ethyl-3-chloropropionate (RedII) compound was synthesized via reaction of 4-nitro-4'-[N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-amino] azobenzene (RedI) and 3-chloropropionic acid. RedII was reacted with the potassium salt of pyrrole then 2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(nitro phenyl) azo] phenyl] amino] ethyl-N-pyrrolyl propionate (Py-RedII) was prepared. Chemical polymerization of Py-RedII and copolymerization of Py-RedII with pyrrole carried out using $FeCl_3$. Poly (2-[N-ethyl-N-[4-[(nitro phenyl) azo] phenyl] amino] ethyl-N-pyrrolyl propionate) (PPy-RedII) was characterized by UV, IR, $^1HNMR$, $^{13}CNMR$ spectroscopies. Electropolymerization of Py-RedII and electroco-polymerization of Py-RedII and pyrrole were studied using conventional three electrodes system, Ag/AgCl reference electrode, platinum counter electrode and GC disk working electrode. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used for thermal and rheological studies. The TGA curve of PPy-RedII demonstrated a high thermal stability up to 200°C and its DSC thermogram showed two endothermic peaks at 88 and $122^{\circ}C$. The glass transition temperature of the polymer was found to be above the room temperature. Electrical conductivities of PPy-RedII and it's copolymer with pyrrole (PPy-RedII-co-Py) were studied by the four-probe method and produced conductivities of $7.5{\times}10^{-4}$ and $6.5{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$, respectively.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.30-35
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• 2006

The influences of a series of new azo direct dyes including copper-complexes based on benzidine congeners, 2,2'-dimethyl-5,5'-dipropoxybenzidine and 5,5'-dipropoxybenzidine, were examined using microorganism, Daphnia magna. The purpose of the research described in this paper was to use bioassays with daphnids to determine the aquatic toxicity of new azo dyes in which copper was incorporated. The results clearly show that copper has negative effects to aquatic ecosystem as expected. The study also suggested that the assay with Daphnia magna was an excellent method to evaluate the influences of dyes to the aquatic environment.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.25-26
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• 2006

Azobenzene functionalized polymers have been extensively investigated due to the potential applications in the areas of optical switching, optical elements, optical information storage, and nonlinear optics. These applications are mainly achievable due to photoinduced properties of azobenzene groups with photoisomerization and photoinduced anisotropy. We report applications to the optoelectronic devices using inscribed one-(1D) and two-dimensional (2D) SRGs on azo polymer films. The inscribed holographic SRGs patterns were useful to control or enhance optoelectronic properties such as transparent electrode patterning, hybrid solar cell and ultraviolet GaN-based LED.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.66-70
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• 2003

Temporarily solubilized azo disperse dyes based on 1,2-substituted indoles were synthesized and characterized. Dispersant-free dyeing of polyester by using the synthesized dyes has been investigated. The colour yields of the dyes on the polyester fabric were found to be highly dependent on the dyeing pH, optimum results being obtained at pH 5. The dyes exhibited good to excellent fastness properties on polyester while lightfastness was moderate.

• 분석과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.493-498
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• 1995

PAZO-6 is a new combined type liquid crystalline polymers (LCP) which has two types of mesogens combined non linearly. Ordering of branch mesogen azo group, in PAZO-6 is an important parameter to observe as well as the substitution effect on the backbone. The related small molecules sllch as monomers as well as the polymer itself are studied by solid state NMR techniques. Preliminary $^{13}C$ CP/MAS (cross polarization/ magic angle spinning) spectral results suggest that the azo groups in the monomers are not aligned with themselves. Azo groups in the monomers seem to be poorly ordered between well ordered p-phenylene terephthalate moeities. Similar disordering tendency of the azo group in PAZO-6 is deduced from the overall aromatic carbon peak positions which are not much different from those of the monomer.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.111.1-111.1
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• 2015

As an alternative way to get sophisticated nanostructures, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used to directly manipulate building primitives. In particular, assembly of metallic nanoparticles(NPs) can provide various structures for making various metamolecules. As far, conventionally made polygonal shaped metallic NPs showed non-uniform distribution in size and shape which limit its study of fundamental properties and practical applications. In here, we optimized conditions for deterministic manipulation of ultra-smooth and super-spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by AFM. [1] Lowered adhesion force by using platinum-iridium coated AFM tips enabled us to push super-spherical AuNPs in linear motion to pre-programmed position. As a result, uniform and reliable electric/magnetic behaviors of assembled metamolecules were achieved which showed a good agreement with simulation data. Furthermore, visualization of near field for super-spherical AuNPs was also addressed using photosensitive azo-dye polymers. Since the photosensitive azo-dye polymers can directly record the intensity of electric field, optical near field can be mapped without complicated instrumental setup. [2] By controlling embedding depth of AuNPs, we studied electric field of AuNPs in different configuration.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.19
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• pp.166-167
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• 2006

Dendrimers represent a new class of synthetic macromolecules characterized by a regularly branched treelike structure. Multiple branching yields a large number of chain ends that distinguish dendrimers from conventional star-like polymers and microgels. The azobenzene dendrimer is one of the dendrimeric macromolecules that include the azo-group exhibiting a photochromic character. Due to the presence of the charge transfer element of the azo-group and its rod-shaped structure, these compounds are expected to have potential interest in electronics and photoelectronics, especially in nonlinear optics. In the present paper, we give pressure stimulation to organic thin films and detect the induced displacement current. Functional photoisometrization organic molecular the photo-stimulus to organic monomolecular L-films and LB films of dendrimer and 8A5H were performed. The 8A5H organic monolayer in case of pressure stimulus occurred that positive course but in case of the photo-stimulus compared positive and negative. It is assumed that generation forms of displacement current were measured when photo-stimulus for Impression.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.66-70
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• 1998

정보전자 기기의 디스플레이용 재료로 사용되는 액정/고분자 복합재료의 매트릭스로 사용하기 위한 새로운 선형 및 가교형 측쇄 액정고분자를 제조하기 위하여 필요한 저분자 액정 중간체들을 합성하고 이들의 액정 특성을 살펴보았다. Alkyl spacer의 길이가 다르고 연결기로서 azo기를 그리고 말단기로서 cyano를 공통적으로 가지고 다른 한 말단기로서 bromoalkyl(AZO(n)), azidoalkyl(AZI(n)) 및 amonoalkyl(ALC(n))기를 가지는 저분자 액정 들의 합성을 하였으며 IR, NMR 및 원소분석을 통하여 이를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 DSC thermogram 및 편광현미경 관찰로부터 이들 저분자 액정들은 모두 일정한 온도 영역에서 네마틱 상의 액정성을 발현하는 것을 알았다. 또한, 저분자 액정 분자들이 spacer 길이, 즉 $-(CH_2)n-$의 n이 짝수 및 홀수로 변화함에 따라 분자 내의 conformation 변화에 따른 $T_{KN}$과 $T_{NI}$의 값이 전형적인 even-odd 변화 현상을 나타내었다.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.297-305
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• 2005

A series of new direct dyes based on benzidine congeners, 2,2'-dimethyl-5,5'-dipropoxybenzidine and 5,5'-dipropoxybenzidine, were evaluated for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. All of the dyes examined were judged to be non-mutagenic with and without metabolic activation while toxicity was seen in some dyes at high doses. The study also suggested that the standard Salmonella mutagenicity plate-incorporated assay was an excellent method for evaluation of direct dyes for mutagenicity.