• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3155-3160
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• 2010

Nowadays, most car manufactures have tried to improve fuel efficiency and corrosion resistance of car body. Therefore, use of high strength steels and coated steel becomes more and more increased. In this study, spot weld characteristics according to lap sequence of sheets were analyzed using simulation method for three different steel sheet of car body which were EDDQ class coated steel with 0.7t, high strength steel 440R with 1.2t and advanced high strength steel DP 590 with 1.0t. Using simulation, weldability was evaluated by nugget size of welded zone according to nugget growth curve and welding current with respect to lap sequence of sheets. Contact resistance of each sheets contact point was used to analyze formation of nugget and optimal lap sequence was suggested.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2012

Recently ultra high strength steels(UHSS) has been widely applied to the structural or safety components in the automotive industry. Specially, hot stamping boron steel 22MnB5 has shown the crash-resistant characteristics when applying to bumpers and pillars. Lap joint Laser welding of the hot stamped and die quenched sheets of Boron steel was carried out using 3kW Nd/YAG laser. The appropriate Lap joint laser welding conditions were founded separately for four lap joint combinations. The lower sheest is a hot stamped sheet in common and the upper sheet is selected among the hot stamped steel and high strength steels such as SPCC, 370MPa, and 590MPa grade high strength steels. Cross bead sections and local hardening and softening were observed as well as tensile-shear test results.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.12-23
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• 1996

승용차용 소재로 사용되는 철강재료의 구성비율은 국가별, 차종별로 큰 차이를 나타내기 때문에 일률적으로 표현하기는 곤란하다. 일본의 경우 열연강판, 냉연강판, 내식성 확보를 위해 냉연강판의 표면에 여러가지 종류의 도금을 한 표면처리강판등의 보통강판이 약 76%를 차지하고 있으며 나머지는 고탄소강, 고합금강, 스테인리스강, 스프링강, 베어링강 등의 특수강재와 주철이 차지하고 있다. 본 해설에서는 승용차 차체용 소재의 대부분을 차지하는 냉연강판을 중심으로 냉연강판의 제조공정, 연진 냉연강판을 중심으로 냉연강판의 제조공정, 연질 냉연강판의 개발현황과 개발방향, 인장강도 35kgf/$min^{2}$이상의 냉연강판을 의미하는 고장력 냉연강판의 개발현황과 개발방향을 소개한후 현재 세계철강협회(IISI) 주관으로 범세계적으로 추진중인 초경량 자동차 차체(ULSAB, Ultra Light Steel Auto Body)제조를 위한 프로젝트의 진행과정 설명을 통해 경량재료에 대한 철강업체의 대응전략을 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.263-272
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• 2004

High strength steels such as transformation induced plastic steel, dual phase and solid solution Hardening have been developed and continuously improved due to the intensified needs in the automotive industry. But silicon and manganese in transformation induced plastic steels were known to exhibit harmful effects on galvannealing reaction by oxide film formed during heat treatment. Therefore, in this work, the applicability of Zn-Ni electrodeposition instead of hot dip galvannealed coating to transformation induced plastic steels was evaluated and optimum electroplating condition was investigated. Based on these investigations optimized electroplating conditions were proposed and Zn-Ni electrogalvanized steel sheet was produced by EGL (electrogalvanized line). Its perfomance properties for automotive steel was evaluated.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.49-55
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• 2011

With the development of pre-painted steel sheets for automotive body application, a new joining method is required such as hybrid joining with combination of adhesive bonding and mechanical joining. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of pre- and post-baking of adhesive bonding on failure mode and strength of hybrid joining of automotive steel sheets. Experiments show that the hybrid joining exhibits better bonding strength and displacement than conventional adhesive joining and mechanical fastening each. Comparison of pre- and post-baked hybrid joining results suggested that baking at $160^{\circ}C$ after mechanical joining was found to have higher joining properties than pre-baking condition. The prebaking condition changed its fracture mode from interfacial to button fracture. The changes in fracture mode with post-baking of hybrid joining was attributed to variation in neck thickness and undercut of joint.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.603-609
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• 1998

An aluminium sandwich sheet is the material fabricated by adhering two aluminum panels to one plastic core. When it has the same bending stiffness as an steel panel it is 65% lighter than steel panel and 30% lighter than aluminum panel. Therefore it is notified exclusively as good substitutive materials for steel body to improve fuel efficiency. An aluminium sandwich sheet, however, has a problem of the lower formability than steel in automotive application. In this paper we intend to develop application technologies of an aluminum sandwich sheet for auto body panels from selecting composed materials of aluminium sandwich sheets to fabricating prototype. We selected aluminium sandwich panels fabricated by Hoogovens company. Through formability tests we have designed the hood part on auto body panels and fabricated a mould and a prototype.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1997.03a
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• pp.55-58
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• 1997

In automotive industries, stamping of laser-welded blank gives many merits which brings about dimensional accuracy, strong body assembly and high productivity. However the welding of blanks with different thickness or/and different strength materials introduces many challenging formability problems for process development and tool design. In this paper, the deformation characteristics for deep drawing process of laser-welded blank with different thickness sheets are investigated by experiment and FEM simulation. And also the optimal location of weld line in laser-welded blank with different thickness sheets is calculated to compensate for the movement of weld line on deep drawing process. In addition, the effect of location of weld line is clarified using FEM simulation.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.519-529
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• 1998

In automotive industries the stamping of laser-welded blank gives many merits which bring about dimensional accuracy, strong body assembly and high productivity. However the welding of blanks with different thickness or/and different strength materials introduces many challenging formability problems for process development and tool design. in this paper the deformation characteristics for deep drawing process of laser-welded blank with different thickness sheets are investigated by experiment as well as by FEM simulation. The blank holding force ratio to avoid the movement of weld line was suggested and compared with the experimental result for cylindrical and rectangular cup drawing process. The optimal location of weld line in laser-welded blank with different thickness sheets is calculated to compensate for the movement of weld line on deep drawing process. In addition the effect of location of weld line on formability is clarified using FEM simulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.131-139
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• 1998

An aluminium sandwich sheet is the material fabricated by adhering two aluminum panels to one plastic core. If it has the same bending stiffness as an steel panel, it is 65% lighter than steel panel and 30% lighter than aluminum panel. Therefore it is marked exclusively as god substitutive materials of steel body for improving fuel efficiency. But an aluminium sandwich sheet has problem of the lower formability than steel for automotive application. In this paper we intend to develop application technologies of an aluminum sandwich sheet for auto body panels from the selecting composed materials of aluminium sandwich sheets to fabricating prototype. We selected aluminium sandwich panels fabricated by Hoogovens company. Through formability tests we have finished the design and fabricated a mould and a prototype.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2005

This paper introduces a newly developed high speed material testing apparatus for tensile tests at the strain rate up to 500/sec. The tensile properties of sheet metals are indispensable for the accurate crashworthiness analysis of auto-bodies since the local strain rate reaches to 500/sec in the car crash. An appropriate experimental method has to be developed to acquire the tensile properties at the intermediate strain rate ranged from 0.003/sec to 200/sec. Tensile tests of various different steel sheets for an auto-body were perform ed to obtain the dynamic properties with respect to the strain rate. The dimensions of specimens that can provide the reasonable results were determined by the finite element analysis. A special jig fixture of a load cell is designed to reduce the load ringing phenomenon induced by unstable stress propagation at the high strain rate. Stress-strain curves were acquired for each steel sheet from the dynamic tensile test and utilized to obtain the relationship of the stress to the strain rate.