• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.19-29
• /
• 2010

나무가 갖는 특유의 향인 피톤치드는 휘발성 화학물질로서, 식물이 방어를 위해 스스로 생성하여 발산하는 물질이며, 항균, 방충, 소취 등 다양한 기능을 가지고 있는 천연 물질이다. 편백나무(Chamaecyparis obtusa Sieb. et Zucc.; Japanese cypress)에서 추출한 피톤치드 정유가 구강 내 상주균주이면서 구강 캔디다증을 일으키는 Candida albicans에 미치는 효과를 알아보기 위해 편백 피톤치드와 함께 C. albicans 를 배양한 후, 성장정도, 생존력 및 형태적 변화를 관찰한 결과, 피톤치드는 C. albicans에 강한 항진균력을 보였고, C. albicans에 대한 피톤치드의 최소억제농도(MIC)는 0.25%, 최소살균농도(MFC)는 0.5%였으며, 성장 곡선 상에서, MIC에 근접한 농도의 피톤치드는 C. albicans의 성장을 억제하였다. 피톤치드를 첨가하여 배양한 C. albicans는 투과전자현미경 상에서, MIC 농도에서 대다수의 세포가 세포질 내 전자밀도가 높은 과립물질과 공포를 보이는 비전형적인 형태를 보였다. 이상의 결과로, 피톤치드는 C. albicans에 대해 살균작용에 의한 항진균효과를 갖고 있는 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 피톤치드의 항진균력은 구강 내 상주균주이면서 특별한 경우에 구강 캔디다증을 일으키는 C. albicans에 유효하게 작용하며, 이를 이용한 구강 위생용품의 적용으로 구강 캔디다증의 예방과 치료 및 예후관리에도 매우 유용하게 사용되리라고 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제45권8호
• /
• pp.1028-1032
• /
• 2002

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma는 흔하지 않은 피하 림프종이다. 이 질환은 사지와 몸통을 침범하는 다수의 종괴나 판 등의 피부소견을 보이며 발열, 불쾌감, 피로, 근육통, 오한 그리고 체중 감소 같은 증상을 나타낸다. 조직학적 소견은 피하지방층염과 유사하며 크고 작은 비정형의 림프구들이 지방세포들 사이에 침윤되어 있는 양상을 보인다. 이 질환은 세포독성 T 림프구로부터 유래한, 특징적인 임상병리학적 소견을 가지며 피하지방층을 침범하는 다른 양성 그리고 악성 림프종과 감별을 요한다. 이 질환의 치료는 아직 정립된 것이 없으며, 다른 진행된 림프종에서 사용되어 온 복합화학요법으로 치료를 하여도 예후가 그다지 좋지 않은 것으로 보고되고 있다. 좋지 않은 예후를 시사하는 소견으로는 혈구탐식을 나타내는 소견들로 빈혈, 백혈구감소증, 간비종대, 전신림프절종대, 그리고 응고장애 등이 있다. 이 질환으로 인한 사망 원인은 림프종의 전신적인 침범에 의한 장기부전보다는 혈구탐식증후군과 연관된 혈구감소의 합병증에 의한 것이다. 저자들은 발열과 다수의 피하결절을 주소로 내원한 12세 남자 환아에서 subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma로 진단 받고 치료 중인 환아 1례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권9호
• /
• pp.4409-4413
• /
• 2016

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common of malignancy found in Thai women. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major cause. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of HPV infection and association with abnormal cervical cytology in Thai women. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at the Gynecologic Clinic, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand. A total of 2,144 cases who underwent annual cervical cancer screening by co-testing (liquid based cytology and HPV testing, DNA versus mRNA) during the priod from July 2013 to June 2016 were recruited in this study. Results: Prevalence of positive high risk (HR) HPV DNA and mRNA test were 19.7 and 8.4%, respectively with a statistically significant difference. Majority of cases of abnormal cytology in this study were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US). In patients with ASC-US, positive HR HPV DNA was greater than in the mRNA group (10.1 and 4.5%, p<0.001). Nonetheless, there was no significant difference in participants with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). HPV mRNA test had slightly lower sensitivity but higher negative predictive value (NPV) than the DNA test to detect abnormal cytology during cervical cancer screening (p<0.001). Both HPV test (DNA and mRNA) had equally efficacy to detect high grade precancerous lesion or higher (CIN 2+). Conclusions: Prevalence of HR HPV DNA and mRNA were 19.7 and 8.4 percent, respectively. NPV of HPV mRNA was higher than DNA test. Both tests had equal efficacy to detect CIN 2+ with sensitivity and specificity of 63% vs 55.7% and 83% vs 92%, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권24호
• /
• pp.10961-10966
• /
• 2015

Background: Minor cervical cytologic abnormalities include atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). Approximately 10-20% of women with minor cytologic abnormalities have histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial or worse lesions (HSIL+). In Thailand, women with minor cytologic abnormalities have a relatively high risk of cervical cancer, and referral for colposcopy has been suggested. A triage test is useful in the selection of women at risk for histologic HSIL+ to reduce the colposcopy burden. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of high-risk HPV DNA test in triage of women with minor cytologic abnormalities in northern Thailand. Materials and Methods: All women with ASC-US/LSIL cytology who were referred to our colposcopy clinic from October 2010 to February 2014 were included. HPV DNA testing was performed using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). All patients received colposcopic examination. Accuracy values of HC2 in predicting the presence of histologic HSIL+ were calculated. Results: There were 238 women in this study (121 ASC-US and 117 LSIL). The HC2 positivity rate was significantly higher in the LSIL group than in ASC-US group (74.8% versus 41.0%, p<0.001). Histologic HSIL+ was detected in 9 women (7.4%) in the ASC-US group and 16 women (13.7%) in the LSIL group (p=0.141). There was no histologic HSIL+ detected among HC2-negative cases (sensitivity and negative predictive value of 100%). The performance of HC2 triage was highest among women aged >50 years with ASC-US cytology. An increase in the cut-off threshold for positive HC2 resulted in a substantial decrease of sensitivity and negative predictive value. Conclusions: HPV DNA testing with HC2 shows very high sensitivity and negative predictive value in triage of women with minor cervical cytologic abnormalities in northern Thailand. An increase of the cut-off threshold for HC2 triage is not recommended in this region.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.5519-5525
• /
• 2013

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in Thai women after breast cancer. Currently, the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is the recommended procedure for cervical cancer screening in Thailand, but only a relatively small percentage of women follow this screening program. An alternative method to detect HPV genotypes associated with cervical cancer is self-sampling of urine, which is a more widely accepted method. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV in Thai women using urine and cervical swabs and prevalence of HPV in Thai men using urine samples. Materials and Methods: Tumorigenic HPV detection was accomplished by electrochemical DNA chip and PCR/direct sequencing. In addition to HPV prevalence, we report the concordance between different methods and sample types. One-hundred and sixteen women and 100 men were recruited. Histological examination revealed normal cytology in 52 women, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) in 9, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) in 24, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in 31. One-hundred men were classified as heterosexuals (n=45) and homosexuals (n=55). Results: The most prevalent HPV genotype in our study was HPV16. The HPV detection rate was generally lower in urine samples compared with cervical samples. Overall, there was good agreement for the detection of carcinogenic HPV from female cervical samples between the DNA chip and PCR/sequencing, with 88.8% total agreement and a kappa value of 0.76. In male urine samples, the level of agreement was higher in heterosexuals compared with homosexuals. Conclusions: Further improvement is required to increase an overall yield of HPV DNA detection in urine samples before clinical application of a urine-based HPV screening program. The electrochemical DNA chip test is a promising technique for carcinogenic HPV detection.

• 대한세포병리학회지
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2008

Background : Cervicovaginal cytology is a screening test of uterine cervical cancer. The sensitivity of cervicovaginal cytology is less than 50%, but studies of cytologic/histologic correlation are limited. We analyzed the diagnostic accuracy of cervicovaginal cytology in the detection of the squamous epithelial lesions of the uterine cervix and investigate the cause of diagnostic discordance. Materials and Methods : We collected a total of 481 sets of cervicovaginal cytology and biopsies over 5 years. The cytologic diagnoses were categorized based on The Bethesda System and the histologic diagnoses were classified as negative, flat condyloma, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I, CIN II, CIN III, or squamous cell carcinoma. Cytohistologic discrepancies were reviewed. Results: The concordance rate between the cytological and the histological diagnosis was 79.0%. The sensitivity and specificity of cervicovaginal cytology were 80.6% and 92.6%, respectively. Its positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 93.7% and 77.7%, respectively. The false negative rate was 19.4%. Among 54 false negative cytology cases, they were confirmed by histology as 50 flat condylomas, 2 CIN I, 1 CIN III, and 1 squamous cell carcinoma. The causes of false negative cytology were sampling errors in 75.6% and interpretation errors in 24.4%. The false positive rate was 7.4%. Among 15 false positive cytology cases, they were confirmed by histology as 12 atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and 3 low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). The cause of error was interpretation error in all cases. The overall diagnostic accuracy of cervicovaginal cytology was 85.7%. Conclusions : Cervicovaginal cytology shows high overall diagnostic accuracy and is a useful primary screen of uterine cervical cancer.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.100-113
• /
• 2017

Objectives: Bee Venom has been used to relieve pain and to treat various diseases, such as arthritis, cancer and skin disease. Although Bee Venom has used extensively in gynecological fields, we don't have enough evidence with it. This study is to investigate efficacy and safety of Bee Venom on women by investigating papers, then we are going to suggest the direction of research. Methods: We searched for papers which had Bee Venom from Pubmed, OASIS, Journal of Korean Obstetrics & Gynecology, Journal of Korean Medicine up to August 2017, then classified according to the type of studies. Results: Eleven papers have been finally selected. One paper was a case report about atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. Four papers were in vivo studies about 1 endometriosis and 1 polycystic ovarian syndrome and 2 human cervical cancer. Among eight papers that were in vitro studies, four papers were reported about ovarian cancer and four papers reported about human cervical cancer. Among ten papers that were experimental studies, two papers have been studied both in vivo and in vitro. Most of studies have shown that Bee Venom is useful for gynecological disorders. Conclusions: It has been identified that Bee Venom could be a good treatment for female disorder. However, more clinical reports and well-designed studies will be needed.

• Obstetrics & gynecology science
• /
• 제61권6호
• /
• pp.662-668
• /
• 2018

Objective This study was to identify the risk factors for cytological progression in women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). Methods We analyzed data from women infected with the human papillomavirus (HPV) who participated in the Korean HPV cohort study. The cohort recruited women aged 20-60 years with abnormal cervical cytology (ASC-US or LSIL) from April 2010. All women were followed-up at every 6-month intervals with cervical cytology and HPV DNA testing. Results Of the 1,158 women included, 654 (56.5%) and 504 (43.5%) women showed ASC-US and LSIL, respectively. At the time of enrollment, 143 women tested positive for HPV 16 (85 single and 58 multiple infections). Cervical cytology performed in the HPV 16-positive women showed progression in 27%, no change in 23%, and regression in 50% of the women at the six-month follow-up. The progression rate associated with HPV 16 infection was higher than that with infection caused by other HPV types (relative risk [RR], 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-2.84; P=0.028). The cytological progression rate in women with persistent HPV 16 infection was higher than that in women with incidental or cleared infections (P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between cigarette smoking and cytological progression (RR, 4.15; 95% CI, 1.01-17.00). Conclusion The cytological progression rate in HPV 16-positive women with ASC-US or LSIL is higher than that in women infected with other HPV types. Additionally, cigarette smoking may play a role in cytological progression.

• 대한영상의학회지
• /
• 제83권3호
• /
• pp.508-526
• /
• 2022

파킨슨병은 중뇌 흑질에 위치한 도파민성 신경세포의 퇴행성 소실로 인해 발생하는 이상운동질환이다. 최근 다양한 자기공명영상기법의 발전으로 파킨슨병에서 일어나는 병리생태학적인 변화를 반영하는 여러 영상 소견들이 보고되었다. 여러 연구에서 이러한 영상 소견들은 파킨슨병의 진단 및 비정형 파킨슨증과의 감별 등에 유의미한 도움을 줄 수 있는 것이 밝혀졌다. 본 종설에서는, 파킨슨병에서 일어나는 흑질선조체 변성의 병태생리를 나타낼 수 있는 나이그로좀 영상 및 뉴로멜라닌 영상 등을 포함한 자기공명영상기법들과 각 영상에서 나타나는 소견에 대하여 자세히 다루었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제61권6호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2006

배 경: 액상 세포학 검사법(Liquid-based cytology)은 최근들어 각광을 받고있는 검사방법으로 여러 연구, 특히 산부인과적 영역에서 암진단에 높은 효율성을 보여주고 있다. 본 저자들은 기관지내시경상 이상병변을 보이는 환자에서 세척세포진, 솔질세포진, 액상 세포학 검사법인 Thinprep을 시행하여 진단율 및 효용성을 비교하여 보았다. 방법 및 대상: 본원에서 2005년 6월부터 9월까지 호흡기적 증상을 보여 내원한 환자 중 기관지내시경을 시행하여 병변이 발견된 30명의 환자에서 Thinprep과 기존세포검사를 시행하였다. 결 과: 이상병변을 보였던 30명의 환자 중 조직검사를 통해 암을 진단받은 환자는 24명이었으며 4명은 결핵, 각각 1명씩은 기관지확장증, 기관지-폐누공을 진단받았다. Thinprep에서 암인 24명의 환자 중 19명이, 기존세포검사에서 기관지솔질검사(brushing)을 통해 얻은 결과가 17명, 세척액(washing)은 12명에서 암세포나 비전형세포가 보였다. 두 방법 모두 암이 아닌 환자에서는 비전형세포는 보이지 않았다. 세척세포진검사는 민감도 50%, 특이도 100%, 양성예측도 100%, 음성예측도 33.3%, 솔질세포진검사는 민감도 70.8%, 특이도 100%, 양성예측도 100%, 음성예측도 46.2%, Thinprep에서는 민감도 79.2%, 특이도 100%, 양성예측도 100%, 음성예측도 54%를 보였다. 결 론: 액상 세포학 검사법인 Thinprep은 기존의 검사법보다 민감도, 음성예측도가 큰 검사로 폐암의 진단률을 높이는데 도움을 줄 수 있으며 앞으로 대단위의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.