• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the preschoolers' hostile attributional bias and the narrative representation profiles. Forty five 4-year-old preschoolers (24 boys, 21 girls) participated in this study. In order to measure the children's narrative responses, MacArthur Story Stem Battery (MSSB) was used, and "a cartoon-based social perception task" was used to obtain preschoolers' hostile attributional bias. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and cluster analysis. The results were as follows. First, the rate of hostile attributional style of the subjects was 28.89%. Second, four profiles regarding the narrative representations of 4-year olds were found including: Prosocial (33.3%), Constrained (42.2%), Anxious/Restricted (6.7%), and Dysregulated (17.8%). Third, the rate of preschoolers' hostile attributional style differed by the preschoolers' narrative representation profile. Children with a Prosocial profile showed a less hostile attributional style than children with an Anxious/Restricted profile and Dysregulated profile. In conclusion, preschoolers' hostile attributional bias is related to the narrative representation profile.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.177-203
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• 2015

The aims of this study were 1) to compare irrational gambling beliefs of gamblers and non-gamblers, 2) to investigate the role of cognitive error on winning probability thinking error, and 3) to examine the relationship between attributional bias and gambling behavior. A total of 248 subjects were recruited for this study. All subjects were classified into non-gamblers, social gamblers and pathological gamblers, and administered self-report questionnaires to measure irrational gambling beliefs, the probability inference error, the attriburional style, and the attributional bias. A pathological gambler group scored highest on irrational gambling beliefs, especially the overestimation of self-ability factor, and a social gambler group and a non-gambler group follow. All three groups scored higher on the magnification of gambling skills than the mean (4.0) of the scale. Pathological gamblers and social gamblers scored higher on the probability thinking error than non-gamblers. Pathological gamblers displayed higher external attribution, lower internal attribution in their daily life events and higher internal attribution in failure situation than social gamblers and non-gamblers. The results indicate that cognitive errors would be a factor that differentiates pathological gamblers from social gamblers and non-gamblers. In predicting gambling behaviors, overestimation of self-ability of irrational gambling beliefs, internal attribution in failure situation, external attribution in daily live event, and probability thinking error were identified as significant factors. It is concluded that a public education about common cognitive bias featured in gamblers might be important in prevention of pathological gambling behaviors.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.96-102
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of applying a program to enhance social information processing ability in schizophrenic patients. We confirmed the positive effects of the program on the theories of mind and attribution style, which are the social information elements of patients, and confirmed the effect of decreasing paranoid ideation. We used the theory of mind(hinting task, the false belief task), the attributional style questionnaire(external bias, personal bias), and the paranoia scale to test the effectiveness of the program. Specifically, in theory of mind, hinting task performance was improved(t=4.14, p=.000),. The scores of personal bias(t=-7.9, p=.000) and paranoid ideation(t=-2.98, p=.004) decreased. Further research is needed to verify the effectiveness of meta - cognitive training to enhance social information processing.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.275-281
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• 2001

This study examined the relationship between psychopathology(depression, anxiety, aggression), maladaptive cognitions(negative cognitive errors, attributional biases), and age of children with ADHD. 40 ADHD children and their mother completed questionnaires assessing depression, anxiety, aggression level and maladaptive cognitions of children. The results showed that maladaptive cognitions of children with ADHD was not significantly associated with their depression, anxiety, aggression level. Age was negatively related to internal stable attributions for negative events that was characteristic in depression, and had significantly effect on internal stable attributions for negative events. As age of ADHD children increased, their internal attribution for negative events reduced. It seems that their depression and anxiety level is associated with current stress event rather than maladaptive cognitions. Suggestions and limitations of this study, and the directions for future study were discussed.