• Plant Journal
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to improve the classification structure of commodity code for piping material management which is considered as the fundamental of commodity code and piping material management system. It enhances the efficiency of piping material management directly or indirectly affecting the engineering, procurement and construction in a petrochemical plant projects. To establish an improved code classification structure, this study identifies the problems of former code classification structure in details, as well as the characteristics of other domestic and global EPC company's code classification structures and presents the improved direction considering the recently mega-sized and specialized projects. Accordingly, to efficiently enhance piping material management, the improved code classification structures have been derived from defining suitable code classification structure for specific piping component, adding more standard attribute, expanding the number of code digits and classifying code hierarchy. The results of applying the improved classification structure of commodity code to on-going project have led to reduce the rate of rework from 4.98% to 2.48% for developing purchase description and also have saved working time for executing piping design by 3D modeling from 6 months by two persons to 4 months by a person which is decreased 67% consequently. In addition, the structures of pyramid code management have resulted to accumulation and analysis of the various piping data for other disciplines such as procurement and estimation team which require commodity code information through the company's material control system.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.101-113
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• 2013

The concern on environmental quality makes the landscape analysis more important than before ever. For the landscape analysis, selection of viewpoint is one of most important stage. Because of its subjectiveness, the conventional viewpoint selection method often missed some viewpoints of importance. The purpose of this study is to develop a viewpoint selection method for landscape analysis using GIS data and techniques. During the viewpoint selection process, spatial and attribute data from several GIS systems were hired. Query and overlay methods were mainly adapted for analysis to find out meaningful viewpoints. The 3D simulation analysis on DEM(Digital Elevation Model) was used for every selected viewpoint to examine wether the view target is screened out or not. Application study at a sample site showed some omissions of good viewpoints without any screening. It also exhibited the possibility to reduce time and cost for the viewpoint selection process of landscape analysis. For the progress of applicability, GIS data analysis process have to be improved and more modules such as automatic screening analysis system on selected viewpoint have to be developed.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.7
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• pp.319-326
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• 2016

Given the attributes of mobile apps that shorten the time to make purchase decisions while enabling easy purchase cancellations, usability can be regarded to be a highly prioritized quality attribute among the diverse quality attributes that must be provided by mobile apps. With that backdrop, mobile app developers have been making great effort to minimize usability hampering elements that degrade the merchantability of apps in many ways. Most elements that hamper the convenience in use of mobile apps stem from those potential errors that occur when GUIs are designed. In our previous study, we have proposed a technique to analyze the usability of mobile apps using user behavior logs. We proposes a technique to detect usability hampering elements lying dormant in mobile apps' GUI models by expressing user behavior logs with finite state models, combining user behavior models extracted from multiple users, and comparing the combined user behavior model with the expected behavior model on which the designer's intention is reflected. In addition, to reduce the burden of the repeated test operations that have been conducted by existing developers to detect usability errors, the present paper also proposes a mobile usability error detection automation tool that enables automatic application of the proposed technique. The utility of the proposed technique and tool is being discussed through comparison between the GUI issue reports presented by actual open source app developers and the symptoms detected by the proposed technique.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.33
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• pp.1-29
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• 2013

Surrealism with the excavation of unconsciousness, seeking for the infinity etc. has established views on aesthetics that conflict traditional western rationalism. The main concern of surrealism is problem of identity and difference. They attempted their own mysterious concept such as 'the marvelous', 'convulsive beauty', 'object chance' etc. These unique views on aesthetics was expressed as various style of art. It is the d$\acute{e}$paysemant that exists one of the typical style in surrealism. D$\acute{e}$paysemant means that objects are taken from be originally place. Therefore, The real world's objects is to leave and change environment from real space as use, ability, meaning of origin. or it is the technique to create surreal illusion that combined to a strange place where relates to extraneous attribute of objects. Namely, objects are newly arranged in expression space. Reconstitutive objects by positioning object over the time and space have given us the marvelous and psychological shock and get unfamiliar meaning and feeling over. This paper is tried to look at the way to use the d$\acute{e}$paysemant which applicated in the media, Especially, focusing on animation. Unlike the other media, animation has its unique artistic characters. First, One of the media characteristics of the animation is creativity images of the hand drawn animation by shooting of frame by frame. The animation image which is created through arrangement obtain life force by unique motility. Works of Norman McLaren and Harry Smith are very interesting that the structural characteristics of the d$\acute{e}$paysemant. It consists with abstract forms and various moving images to let audience the feel characteristics of film. We can experience from these cases, numerous illusion fantasy like change over from creature to inanimate object, space and time, creation and extinction, repetition and metamorphosis etc. One of the main apparat is the emphasis of d$\acute{e}$paysemant in space of frame. In conclusion, d$\acute{e}$paysemant is one of the most characteristic expression technique of surrealism while having inevitable linkage with animation.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-23
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• 2018

From the 21st century, various high-quality services have come up with the growth of the internet or 'Information and Communication Technologies'. Especially, the scale of E-commerce industry in which Amazon and E-bay are standing out is exploding in a large way. As E-commerce grows, Customers could get what they want to buy easily while comparing various products because more products have been registered at online shopping malls. However, a problem has arisen with the growth of E-commerce. As too many products have been registered, it has become difficult for customers to search what they really need in the flood of products. When customers search for desired products with a generalized keyword, too many products have come out as a result. On the contrary, few products have been searched if customers type in details of products because concrete product-attributes have been registered rarely. In this situation, recognizing texts in images automatically with a machine can be a solution. Because bulk of product details are written in catalogs as image format, most of product information are not searched with text inputs in the current text-based searching system. It means if information in images can be converted to text format, customers can search products with product-details, which make them shop more conveniently. There are various existing OCR(Optical Character Recognition) programs which can recognize texts in images. But existing OCR programs are hard to be applied to catalog because they have problems in recognizing texts in certain circumstances, like texts are not big enough or fonts are not consistent. Therefore, this research suggests the way to recognize keywords in catalog with the Deep Learning algorithm which is state of the art in image-recognition area from 2010s. Single Shot Multibox Detector(SSD), which is a credited model for object-detection performance, can be used with structures re-designed to take into account the difference of text from object. But there is an issue that SSD model needs a lot of labeled-train data to be trained, because of the characteristic of deep learning algorithms, that it should be trained by supervised-learning. To collect data, we can try labelling location and classification information to texts in catalog manually. But if data are collected manually, many problems would come up. Some keywords would be missed because human can make mistakes while labelling train data. And it becomes too time-consuming to collect train data considering the scale of data needed or costly if a lot of workers are hired to shorten the time. Furthermore, if some specific keywords are needed to be trained, searching images that have the words would be difficult, as well. To solve the data issue, this research developed a program which create train data automatically. This program can make images which have various keywords and pictures like catalog and save location-information of keywords at the same time. With this program, not only data can be collected efficiently, but also the performance of SSD model becomes better. The SSD model recorded 81.99% of recognition rate with 20,000 data created by the program. Moreover, this research had an efficiency test of SSD model according to data differences to analyze what feature of data exert influence upon the performance of recognizing texts in images. As a result, it is figured out that the number of labeled keywords, the addition of overlapped keyword label, the existence of keywords that is not labeled, the spaces among keywords and the differences of background images are related to the performance of SSD model. This test can lead performance improvement of SSD model or other text-recognizing machine based on deep learning algorithm with high-quality data. SSD model which is re-designed to recognize texts in images and the program developed for creating train data are expected to contribute to improvement of searching system in E-commerce. Suppliers can put less time to register keywords for products and customers can search products with product-details which is written on the catalog.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.85-98
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• 2005

About the phenomenon of being imaged of everything, the scholars of the humanities who had studied on the simple reason structure in a text have been in a big agony how accept it. Especially, semiologists have studied about this for a long time and the points at issues of Saussure, Peirce as well as Umbeto Eco are more outstanding. Being based upon his philosophic interesting from medieval esthetics to modern semiotics, Eco was very concerned about the field of general esthetics and poputar arts like television and cartoons. He connected the mutual open-relations between 'signifier' and 'signified' debated in Semiotics with the open and vague modern arts and regarding it as a deviation from the custom, intensively studied the film-media. Saussure is a representative figure of semiotics and explained Sign and the character of semiotics as the division into two parts such as signifier/ signified, form/ substance, langue/ parole, synchrony/ diachrony. The triadic semiotics (the theory that Sign is composed of the triadic structure like sign, referent and interpretant) of Peirce put the new item- 'interpretant' in sign and referent to connect them and open the possibility to introduce time in to the Sign. In this paper, I try to analyze a cartoon film in the semiotic structure with the systemic, reasonable and logical approach and analysis as as possible. While the images shown through a film were depended on the romantic and impressional judge in the past, due to semiotics, it' s quite possible to correlate the procedure of symbolization to social coherence so that we analyze the incredible power of images to suck audiences with the systemetic Sign. I accept all ot film-images including a cartoon film as not the simple esthetic arts but a social custom and system, want to serve as a aid to properly understand world and humanbeings and prevent the film-image from being mystic. A cartoon and a cartoon film which were begun with the link of a text and an illustration give shape to all of images such as materials, places and even thoughts with a cartoon icon existed in only a cartoon. A cartoon and a cartoon film simply and exquistely conceptualize the complex and vague attribute of an organic creature and extend them infinetly beyond language. However, it can be exploited as a mysticism to temptate the general public and a faking material. In addition to that, it can distort our world-knowledge engaging a political power and the massive power of mass media. In this paper, being based on semiotics to approach a cartoon film in a scientific and organic system, I conclude that a non-linguistic cartoon expression is entangled with the manifold signs and implies the supplementary meanings just like a regular linguistic expression. It remarks that the iconic images of a cartoon film are composed of the social codes and can be analyzed on grounds of a linguistic system.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2016

Purpose The importance of quality control by the error to a minimum, which for the purpose of enhancing the reliability of the examination is not be emphasized excess. Currently, most nuclear medicine laboratory are conducting the internal and external quality control, and they are applying the Levey-Jennings or Westgard Multi-Rules by using the commercialized quality control materials. The reliability of the nuclear medicine blood test which affects the diagnosis of patients and the treatment policy is being secured through this quality control activity. Therefore, researchers will evaluate the utility of the statistic quality control using the population distribution of the nuclear medicine blood test conducted targeting the checkup examinees by the additional technique of the reliability improvement. Materials and Methods A statistic analysis was performed about 12 items of the nuclear medicine blood test targeting 41,341 peoples who used the health screening and promotion center in Asan Medical Center from January, 2014 to December, 2014. The results of 12 items of the nuclear medicine blood test was divided into the monthly percentage of three groups: within reference values, over reference, and under reference to analyze the average value of the population distribution, standard deviation, and standard deviation index (SDI). Results The standard deviation of the population distribution mostly showed a result within ${\pm}2SD$ in all groups. However, When the standard deviation of the population distribution represented a result over ${\pm}2SD$, it was confirmed SDI was showing a result of SDI > -2 or SDI > 2. As a result of analyzing the population distribution of 12 items(AFP, CEA, CA19-9, CA125, PSA, TSH, FT4, Anti-Tg-Ab, Anti-TPO-Ab, Calcitonin, 25-OH-VitD3, Insulin) of the nuclear medicine blood part basic test, when SDI of the monthly percentage which deviated from the reference values was over ${\pm}2.0$, CA19-9 September was 2.2, Anti-Tg-Ab may was 2.2, Insulin January was 2.3, Insulin March was 2.4. It was confirmed these cases were attributed to the abnormality of the test reagent (maximum combination rate of isotope reagent declined) and the decline of the test response time. Conclusion The population distribution includes the entire attribute which becomes the study object. It is expected the statistic quality management using the population distribution which was conducted targeting the checkup examinees by dividing into three groups: within reference values, over reference, and under reference by means of this characteristics will be able to play a role of complementing the internal quality control program which is being carried out in the laboratory.