• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2002

The purpose of study was to suggest an investigation of citizen's attitude on harmful insects in house. This study was consisted of four parts, such as basic investigation (housing shape, housing material, the period of house constructed, a cleaning condition), condition of kitchen, condition of living room condition of bathroom. The environmental pollution was increased by the development of industry and urbanization in modern. And also the clean of house has related with air quality such as pollutants and harmful insects etc. Because dwelling shape of urban come to be crowded, shut tightly and high buildings, the air quality of indoor was gradually polluted by several irregular cause. In one of housing pollution, the harmful insects was important any other than indoor air pollution. The problems of kitchen were the odor of food waste, discharge system of sewage and harmful insects. The important issues of living room were mold and construction materials, then important them of bathroom were easing nature and discharge system of sewage. A kind of the harmful insects in house investigated cockroach> mosquito> ant>fly. Finally, it appeared that the control of harmful insects can be applied to the improvement of indoor air pollutant which are difficult to be controlled in house.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.81-93
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• 1995

Landscape Style would take various influences in general. In that of Korean Palaces religious thinking has been caused he most important factor. This conceptual attitude has been derived from Confucian philosophies and the doctrines of Taoism, the realm of ideas that had constituted the schema of culture through long times in the Orient. This paper has dealt with the influences of one's outlook on the universe, antropocentricism, and on the relationships of man and nature in those two major teachings upon the landscape style of palaces in Chosun Dynasty. The Confucian philosophies and the doctrines of Taoism in Taosim in palaces would be summarized as followings: 1. The composition of exterior spaces had been understood as a place for moral training and political morality in the world view of Confucious. 2. The view point on court circle with plants and trees had directed to the influences of beauty upon the human spirit, and it is clear in naming attitude. 3. The composition type of void and solid in palaces would focused on the completion of Confucian thoughts totally, and the method of a unit space is same. 4. The double symbolic ideas could be find out in the components of exterior space; one is Confucian in phenomena, the other is Taoism in meaning. This can be cleared in Pangji(方池), layout of natural features, and in planting methods. As a conclusion, the common spiritual base in landscape architecture of Korean old palaces can be understood as two major thinkings; Confucian philosophies and the doctrines of Taoism.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.72-83
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• 2013

This study suggests the necessity of landscaping alternatives for the succession of Takjok(濯足) culture by considering the background and meaning of Takjok's cultural phenomenon shown in old literatures and paintings and its result is as follows. An old idiom, 'Takyoung Takjok(濯纓濯足)' implying a disinterested living attitude from the mundane world and an attitude complying with nature, has been sublimated to 'Takjokjiyu(濯足之遊)' which means living in comfortable retirement through life in seclusion(隱逸). Classical scholars immerse their feet in soft-flowing(柔軟) water for 'Mulailche(物我一體; synchronized with nature)' which is a unified condition with 'Do(道; truth)' and connected to the stage of 'Yu(遊)', a free mental state, and its nature. The cultural phenomenon of Takjok appeared in the inherited landscape paintings in the Joseon dynasty period after the late stage of Koryo. Takjok shown in 'Pal Kyung Shi'(八景詩; poetry singing for the eight scenary) was described as not a transcendent scene, but as a scenery of daily life. Dense forest and water, such as a stream with clean water, rocks, and pine trees shown in Takjok paintings have been symbolized as a seclusion space for classical scholars with higher thinking and their mental states have been more emerged. Mental pleasures called as seclusion and Takjokjiyu have been relatively emphasized in the Takjok paintings of the Joseon Dynasty period contrary to the Chinese Takjok paintings emphasizing Chung Gye(淸溪; clean stream) and Chang Rang(滄浪; high and clean wave) and strongly representing the image of 'Chung Ryu'(淸流; clean flowing water) and the veneration for antiquity. The view of nature described in the Takjok paintings represents the provision of nature as a situation and attitudes of classical scholars and implies a Taoism perspective which describes the 'do' of nature. This view of nature itself remained intact(無爲自然) with the love of mountains and water, showing a side of the zeitgeist and aesthetic consciousness of China and Joseon. The 'Takjokjiyu' of both countries has be interpreted as a symbol of personality development, behavior, life in seclusion, or transcending the mundane world and has also been accepted as a method of summer vacation in the real world. It should be considered that Takjok includes ordinary people's wisdom to resist the hot weather, as well as the classical scholar's ideal and the veneration of antiquity. From this perspective, water space, Takjok rocks, and the use of water based on the environmental supportability should be newly focused as a recreational space and it reminds us that the spirit of Takjok is a classical mental healing method.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.237-244
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The current South Korean government policy on food irradiation technology should be reformed based on an in-depth investigation of the communications aspect, because the issue is no longer of a technological nature, given the proven safety and efficacy of the processes. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The target population of the education program consisted of elementary, middle, and high school students attending 310 schools in South Korea (2013: 63 schools, 2014: 104 schools, 2015: 143 schools). Data subjected to analysis were 13,327 pre-education and 12,641 post-education questionnaires received from 7,582 elementary, 2,671 middle, and 3,249 high school students who participated in the education program from May 2012 to April 2015 (n = 12,831), after the exclusion of inadequately filled-in questionnaires. RESULTS: Analysis of the three-year educational effect trend was conducted by comparing levels of variables before and after food radiation education. The analysis yielded the finding that the post-education levels were significantly higher for all variables. That is, for interest in education, perception (necessity, safety, subjective knowledge, and information acquisition), objective knowledge, and attitude, with the sole exception of objective knowledge in 2013. CONCLUSIONS: Given that post-education levels of perception, knowledge, and attitude concerning irradiated foods increased considerably compared to pre-education levels, behavior change should be induced by providing continuous education to enhance, these primary variables.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.23-33
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• 2022

Purpose: The objective of the study is to examine the role of approval goals, subjective norm, internal motivation, external motivation, attitude towards behavior, and perceived behavioral control on retail consumer's intention to consume fortified food in Pakistan. Research design, data, and methodology: The study was quantitative in nature. That is why the data were collected from 384 respondents approaching retail stores of Lahore, Gujranwala, and Faisalabad using mall intercept survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. Results: The results show that approval goals significantly influence subjective norms. Secondly, subjective norms positively influence internal and external motivation. Thirdly, attitude towards behavior and internal motivation significantly impacted on intention. However, the findings of the study show, non-significant relationship of external motivation and perceived behavioral control with intention to consume fortified food. Conclusion: Theory of reasoned goal pursuit was used to investigate consumer intention to consume fortified food in Pakistan. This study is helpful for the marketers to create a word-of-mouth strategy to enhance positive word of mouth for the company, which ultimately beneficial to develop the distribution strategy of the firm. Fortified food is full of health enriched ingredients which is beneficial for society at large.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.6 s.78
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• pp.88-95
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• 2006

The aim of apartment house remodeling should be accomplished by three courses; first, to reduce resources and environmental pollution, and second, to overcome social issue such as sick house syndrome on the point of residents' safety, and last, to secure life quality of apartment house healthy and nature friendly through satisfying residents' desire comfortable and safety course. Thus, this study aims to suggest the basic data to improve remodeling of apartment house considering residents' safety on the point of greenness, because of preventing social issue such as sick house syndrome, creating comfortable interior space, deducing indiscreet remodeling, and developing sustainable construction, through grasping customers' demand, and analyzing the correlation between remodeling status and residents' attitude survey of sick house syndrome.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.203-215
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to clarify the roles of laboratory work in school. Twenty-one literatures were identified about roles of laboratory work in school by applying criteria such as published in CI level journals or used as a reference over 100 times during 1960-2017. Twenty-one literatures were reviewed according to periods such as 1960-1989, 1990-2003, and 2004-2017, and identified the roles of laboratory work in school that commonly presented in more than two literature. Seven roles of laboratory work in school identified were as follows (a) learning scientific knowledge, (b) enhancing attitude toward science, (c) learning scientific inquiry methods, (d) acquiring skills to use specific laboratory instruments, (e) enhancing scientific attitude, (f) understanding the nature of science(NOS), and (g) providing opportunity to experience natural or scientific phenomena. The results of this study can be used to provide school teachers and students a clear meaning of the roles of laboratory work in school.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.491-498
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• 1997

This Research has been made through the questionnaire(enquete) sent to parents whose children are under cerebral palsy treatment in the hospitals of Daejon, Daegu and Pusan area and in other social welfare organizations such as Korea C.P. Welfare institution and Social Welfare Corporation during the period of Februay to August 1997. Form this research, we have obtained following results : 1. Mostly, the blood type of parents of cerebral palsy children is "0" type in father side (24 persons : 30%) and "A" type in mother side(28 persons : 35%), 2. For their(parents) baby-delivery, it shows that the nature delivery was adoped in most cases i. e. 50 persons(62.5%). 3. The birth weight of cerebral palsy children appears to be less than 2.4Kg in most cases(24 persons : 30%) 4. Most of parents positively want to take a medical treatment for their children with hope, but parents of 5 patients(6.3%) have a negative attitude against medical treatment and its cure. 5. Parents of 25 patients (31.7%) appear to have a sense of shame about the fact that their children are C.P. patients. 6. The 65 parents(81.3%) are depending on medical treatment and physical therapy as a means of cure.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.129-144
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the pre-service elementary teachers' perceptions and attitudes toward sustainable development. Subjects were 152 university students, who were surveyed by questionnaire. The instrument consisted of totally 41 items which were constructed by 3 components; 'the perception of concept of sustainable development', 'the attitude toward the relationship between economy and environment' and 'the practical intention of personal change for sustainable lifestyle'. The key findings suggest that most students associate strongly the concepts of sustainable development with their environmental as against economic and social aspect. Most of them incline toward eco-centrism but they had complex attitudes concerning the relationship between economy and environment. They have intention to act for sustainable lifestyle such as purchasing habits, recycling, energy water saving, forms of transportation, nature conservation and education. However, they prefer to act passively than actively in a certain aspect of sustainable lifestyle. Understanding of pre-service elementary teachers' perceptions of and attitudes toward sustainable development will be helpful to work out teaching and learning strategies in environmental education.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.12 no.2 s.31
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• pp.37-47
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• 2006

Recently, due to the growing concern of the public in rural amenities and hobby farming works, much more urbanites, especially near-retirees, have been interested in rural life style than before. However, in spite of popular preference to ruralities, little has been known about their demand on retired rural life. Therefore, this study examined urbanites' attitude to preparatory works for out-migration, preferred residential site conditions and life style in the countryside. For this purpose, data were collected from a survey with the sample of 386 urban residents aged 40 to 65 rho hoped moving into the countryside after retirement, through structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistical works were performed using SPSS/PC windows program. The major findings of this study were as follows; (1) Host of urbanites, who answered in this study, planned to prepare ex-urban movement in their fifties and to put into practice in their sixties. (2) Key factors of location decision on movement were proximity/accessibility to centre city, medical service level, and distance to their family or friends. And about a half of respondents wanted second home in the countryside. (3) Most favoured rural life styles were nature-friendly well-being and hobby/healthy firming. Generally, the respondents of this survey had the positive attitude to do works in their later life, especially preferred to farming and volunteering in their communities.