• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.153-164
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect on mother-fetus attachment through mother-fetus interaction promotion program of talking and tactual stimulation aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primipara Non-equivalent control group posttest design was used. Fifty primiparas (26 mothers for intervention group and 24 mothers for control group) were recruited from three general hospital and an OBGY clinic located in Gang Nung city. Data was collected from January 30th to December 20th in 2001. For the intervention group, programed education which focused on mother-fetus interaction promotion of talking and tactile stimulation in the 1st trimester. Telephone counselling was provided with interval of two weeks. For two groups, home visiting for data collection of mother-fetus attachment was conducted at 36 to 38 weeks of gestational age. The data were analyzed using chi-square test and Fisher' Exact test to test the equivalence of two groups, and the effect of intervention program was determined with t- test. The result was as follow: The significant difference was found in mother-fetus attachment between two groups(t= 2.772, P= 0.0079). It indicated that intervention program was effective in improving mother-fetus attachment. In conclusion, this study has shown that the applied nursing intervention aimed at enhancing sensitivity of primiparas to fetus's movement promoted mother-fetus attachment. Therefore, this study suggests that this nursing intervention to increase maternal sensitivity to the fetus's movement should be broadly applied to primiparas, which can be beneficial for formation of mother-infant relationship, and for promotion of the social, affective, and cognitive developments of their children.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.481-486
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• 1998

This paper discussed about the effect of Zoogloea ramigera on the initial microorganism attachment and the biofilm growth. The additions of 5, 10 and 15%(w/w) of Zoogoea ramigera were facilitated for the initial attachment on the surface of the acryl disk. At biofilm growth, the more Zoogoea ramikera added to the activated sludge, the more biofilm dry weight was obtained. In order to get the stable blofllm and to mlnlmlze the start-up periods, Initial biofilm formation using activated sludge with floe forming microorganisms like Zoogloea ramigera was recommended rather than that without floe forming microorganisms.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.153-171
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of modified calcium sulfate paste on periodontal regeneration. l-wall intrabony defect(mesio-distal width: 4mm, depth: 4mm) was surgically created on the distal side of P2 and mesial side of p4 in four dogs. The control group(GFS) was treated with conventional flap operation alone, and the experimental group(CS) was treated with conventional flap operation with modified calcium sulfate paste application. Both control and experimental groups were sacrificed after 8weeks of healing period, The results of histological and histometric observations were as follows. 1. The length of the junctional epithelium was 0.41${\pm}$0.01mm in the control groups, 0.47${\pm}$0.01mm in the experimental group. 2. The connective tissue attachment was 0.28${\pm}$0.02mm(6.15${\pm}$0.28%) in the control group, 0.18${\pm}$0.01mm(3.41${\pm}$0.14%) in the experimental group. The control group showed more connective tissue attachment. 3. The new cementum formation was 3.80${\pm}$0.06mm(84.80${\pm}$0.33%) in the control group, 4.49${\pm}$0.06mm(87.57${\pm}$0.15%) in the experimental group. Both groups showed a lot of new cementum formation. 4. The new bone formation was 1.43${\pm}$0.03mm(32.37%) in the control group, 2.04${\pm}$O.09mm(40.94%) in the experimental group. 5. The inflamatory cells were observed partially around resorbed calcium sulfate in the connective tissue of the experimental group. 6. Partially resorbed calcium sulfate were found within the connective tissue, around alveolar bone, and in the newly formed alveolar bone, On the basis of these results, newly formed calcium sulfate paste enhanced new bone formation and new cementum formation. The resorption rate of calcium sulfate seems to be controlled by the add-in compounds. Thus research about biocompatibility and adequate resorptionrate is required to develop a improved material.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.145-150
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• 2012

This study was accomplished using packed bed column reactors that contain nonsurface-modified polypropylene media and surface-modified media from hydrophobic surface property into hydrophilic property by ion beam irradiation. The objectives of this research was investigated the characteristics of organic compounds removal and microbe attachment from sewage of school cafeteria in these reactors. In 736.8 mg/L of the average inflow $COD_{Cr}$ concentration the reactors with and without surface modification showed 81.8% and 70.3% of average $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiencies, respectively, which proves the $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency of surface-modified media reactor is higher than that of nonsurface-modified media reactor. After 90 days, there were maximum differences between modified system and non-modified system. In that time the maximum removal efficiency of $COD_{Cr}$ was 96.5% in modified system and was 85.2% in non-modified system that showed removal efficiency of surface-modified media system is 11.3% higher than that of nonsurface-modified media system. The average removal efficiency of SS was 80.4% for the surface modified system and 61.6% for the non-modified system under same condition. Also, the reactor of surface-modified media has advantage on microbe attachment and biofilm formation.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.109-119
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• 1994

An essential fact in the regeneration of new periodontal tissue after periodontal therapy is the reattachment of collagen fibers to the tooth. Two phenomena play a fundamental role in preventing new connective tissue attachment to the exposed root surface ; 1) The apical migration of the junctional epithelium 2) The contamination of cementum by toxic substances, especially endotoxins. Authors have used rat submucosal implantation of root sections to study the connective tissue healing to periodontally diseaed root, previously planed and demineralized with citric acid and tetracycline- HCl. The results were obtained as follows. 1. The connective tissue attachment was increased in tetracycline, citric acid, non disease, scaling and root planing order and inflammatory reaction was seen in the rat teeth, no treatment group. 2. Collagen fiber attachment at the dentin surface was more increased than cementum surface 3. In 2 week of citric acid and tetracycline-HCl specimens, osteoid was seen near the fibrotic band. 4. In the MT view, collagen fiber formation was increased with time and the numerous collagen fiber and connective tissue was more densly attached to the tooth surfaces in the tetracycline-HCl group than the citric acid group.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.507-516
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• 1993

The Chlorhexidine(CHX) has been a widely used adjunt in periodontal therapy due to its bactericidal effect. In spite of the effects of CHX exhibits cytotoxic to human cells and delays granulation tissue formation. Therefore, understanding the effects of CHX on fibroblast attachment and cell growth will provide the rationale for its use during healing phase of periodontal surgery. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of standardized CHX-pretreated dentin slices and direct CHX exposure on human gingival fibroblasts. The results were as follow : 1. In experiment 1, there was a significant reduction in the number of fibroblast attachment in 0.12, 1%-pretreated groups relative to the control, 0.05%-pretreated groups(P<0.05). 2. In experiment 1, the control, 0.05%-pretreated groups showed considerable attachment and typical fibroblastic morphology, but 0.12, 1%-pretreated groups showed irregular, round-up (unattached) fibroblastic morphology. 3. In experiment 2, it appeared that all experimental groups exhibits significant inhibition of cell growth when compared with the control group.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.193-201
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• 2022

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are major causes of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The treatment of biofilm-related infections caused by these bacteria is a global healthcare challenge. Therefore, the development of alternative therapeutics is required. An essential oil extracted from Curcuma zedoaria (CZ) Rosc, also known as white turmeric, has been reported to possess various antimicrobial activities. In the present study, we evaluated the antibiofilm activities of an ethanolic extract of the CZ rhizome against MRSA and MSSA. The results showed that the CZ extract with the highest sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC), 1/2 MIC (0.312 mg/ml), significantly inhibited biofilm production by up to 80-90% in both tested strains. Subsequently, we evaluated the ability of the CZ extract to prevent cell-surface attachment to a 96-well plate and extracellular DNA (eDNA) release from the biofilm. The CZ extract demonstrated an inhibitory effect on bacterial attachment and eDNA release from the biofilm biomass. The CZ extract may inhibit biofilm formation by preventing eDNA release and cell-surface attachment. Therefore, this CZ extract is a potential candidate for the development of alternative treatments for biofilm-associated MRSA and MSSA infections.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.733-737
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• 1996

The formation of microbial films(biofilm) by a non-sulfur phototrophic bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas capsulata, on inorganic media was studied. Porous ceramic beads(PCB) were superior to other immobilizing media for the biofilm formation in a packed-bed reactor. It was found that the formation of microbial films favored a lower hydraulic retention time, showing a higher ratio of cells attatched to the media to those suspended in the solution. The cell concentration in the biofilm reactor was as high as 11,400mg/l, which is 8-folds of the cell concentration in an ordinary suspended treatment. It was observed that the formation of micribial film by R. capsulata followed a general serial process of cell attachment, microcolony formation, and biofilm formation. The microbial films thus formed was very stable even for an extremely high volumetric BOD loading rate of 15gBOD/l day. The scanning electron micrographs of the microbial films showed that the cells were attached to both the surface and pores of the media.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.386-397
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the difference of maternal attachment and the maternal role confidence between mother who feeds the child with mother's milk in sanitary pack by a nurse instead of her and mother who feeds the child with artificial milk. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of mothers of premature baby who was in NICU and can not be fed with mother's milk directly. In the sample, 21 mothers were the breast feeding group and 20 were the bottle feeding group. Data were collected from April 3, 2004 to November 2, 2005, and were analyzed using SPSS WIN 10.0. Results: The degree of maternal attachment and maternal role confidence of the breast milk feeding group was higher than that of the bottle feeding group. In accordance with general characteristics, the difference was found in maternal attachment and maternal role confidence both breast feeding group and bottle feeding group. Conclusion: More systematic nursing mediation is required for the lactation of mother's milk in sanitary pack is planned to do positive interaction between mother and the child, which has an influence on the formation of maternal attachment and the of maternal role confidence after hospitalization.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.650-661
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• 2005

Statement of problem: It could be hypothesised that attachments, which provide more retention against vortical and horizontal dislodgement, will be associated with more favorable parameters of oral function. Purpose: This study was to provide data of initial retentive force and retention loss of different bar attachment systems recommended for use with maxillary implant overdentures. Material and method: 4 implants were placed in the anterior region of edentulous maxilla, five different systems of bar attachment were fabricated as follows: cantilevered Hader bar using clips (Type 1), Hader bar using clips without cantilever (Type 2), Hader bar using clip and ERA attachment orange male (Type 3), Hader bar using clip and ERA attachment white male (Type 4), and Bar using magnets (Type 5). Each samples were placed in the universal testing machine for determination of retentive forces(at initial and after every 200 cycles up to 1,000 cycles). Results and Conclusion 1. Attachment type 1 showed the biggest initial retentive force followed by type 3, type 2, type 4, and lastly type 5(P<0.001). 2. After 1,000 cycles of repeated removals of attachments, significant loss of retentive forces was taken place except for attachment type 5. 3. After 1,000 cycles of repeated removals, the loss of retentive force between type 1 and type 2, which used Hader bar and clip attachments. was greater in type 1 that had wider clip formation. And between type 3 and type 4, which used ERA attachments, the loss of retentive force was greater in type 4 that had white male attached (P<0.001). 4. After 1.000 cycles of repeated removals, attachment type 3 showed the biggest retentive force followed by type 2, type 4, type 1 and lastly type. 5. There was no significant difference between attachment type 3 and 4, and type 4 and 1(P<0.001).