• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2016년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.107-108
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• 2016

When the construction in a low temperature, the concrete performance is deteriorated by frost damage at early age. In this study, the form utilizing heating sheet and insulation is measured the performance to prevent frost damage at 10 below zero. It produced five types of the form and to measure the temperature history and compressive strength. At first, form attached heating sheet showed the highest temperature. But the form attached vacuum insulation showed the highest temperature ever since 12hours. In the case of compressive strength, the form attached heating sheet + isopink(polystyrene foam board) showed the highest compressive strength. It was followed by vacuum insulation. As a result, the form utilizing insulation and heating sheet helped to prevent frost damage.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to evaluate possibility of using indirect composite resin instead of porcelain through the measurement of shear bond strength between zirconia core and indirect composite resin under treatment of $Rocatec^{TM}$ system for improving the adhesion of indirect composite resin. 20 cylindrical zirconia core specimens were divided into 2 groups, according to zirconia surface treatment and attached materials: 1) treated with sandblast and attached with indirect composite resin, 2) treated with sandblast + $Rocatec^{TM}$ system and attached with indirect composite resin. The shear bond strength of each experimental group was measured by MTS and the changes of zirconia core surface according to surface treatments were obtained by SEM observation and measurements of surface roughness. The mean shear bond strength values are $0.55\;{\pm}\;0.11MPa$(Group SC) and $1.16\;{\pm}\;0.46MPa$(Group SRC). The mean Ra values for the surface treatments were follows: $0.39\;{\pm}\;0.13$($100{\beta}_{{\mu}m}$ sandblast) and $0.50\;{\pm}\;0.03$($100{\beta}_{{\mu}m}$ sandblast + $Rocatec^{TM}$ system). In the analysis of EDS, Si element was detected in the Group SC. The shear bond strength between zirconia core and indirect composite resin was improved significantly by using $Rocatec^{TM}$ system.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2009

목적: 사체의 원위 대퇴골을 이용하여 각각의 인대가 붙는 부위의 골 강도를 비교함으로서 재건술이나 인대 보강 술식시 고정에 참고할 수 있는 지표로 삼고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 10구의 사체, 15개의 원위 대퇴골을 이용하여 골밀도 측정 후 5 개의 원위 대퇴골에 5.0 mm 유관나사를 각각의 인대 부착부, 즉 전방 십자 인대, 후방 십자 인대, 내측 측부 인대, 외측 측부 인대의 부착부에 삽입하고 최대 인장 강도를 측정하였고(실험 1), 10개의 원위 대퇴골을 이용하여 돼지의 신전건을 각각의 인대 부착부, 즉 전방 십자 인대, 후방 십자 인대, 내측 측부 인대, 외측 측부 인대의 부착부에 삽입하고 흡수성 간섭 나사로 고정 후 최대 인장 강도를 측정하였다(실험 2). 결과: 골밀도 검사는 실험 1이 $1.205{\pm}0.137\;g/cm^2$, 실험 2가 평균 $1.236{\pm}0.089\;g/cm^2$로 양 군간의 차이는 없었으며, 실험 1의 최대 인장 강도는 전방 십자 인대 군이 평균 $519.1{\pm}111.7$ N, 후방 십자 인대 군이 평균 $638.9{\pm}144.4$ N, 내측 측부 인대군이 평균 $169.7{\pm}56.0$ N, 외측 측부 인대 군이 평균 $225.6{\pm}61.5$ N으로 후방 십자 인대 군, 전방 십자 인대 군, 외측 측부 인대 군, 내측 측부 인대 군 순이었고, 실험 2의 최대 인장 강도는 전방 십자 인대 군이 평균 $310.6{\pm}31.0$ N, 후방 십자 인대 군이 평균 $379.9{\pm}47.4$ N, 내측 측부 인대 군이 평균 $104.01{\pm}14.4$ N, 외측 측부 인대 군이 평균 $131.5{\pm}21.9$ N으로 실험 1과 동일한 순이었다. 양 실험 모두 전방 십자 인대 군과 후방 십자 인대 군 간, 내측 측부 인대 군과 외측 측부 인대 군 간 강도의 유의한 차이는 없었으며, 내측 측부 인대 군과 외측 측부 인대 군이 전방 십자 인대 군과 후방 십자 인대 군에 비해 강도가 유의하게 낮았다. 결론: 대퇴 터널과 동일한 두께, 최소 길이의 간섭 나사못 고정은 불충분한 고정력을 제공하므로 전방 십자인대, 후방 십자인대, 내, 외측 측부 인대 재건술시 부가적인 술식이 필요하며 특히 외측 측부 인대와 내측 측부 인대 부착 부위의 강도는 후방십자 인대와 전방 십자 인대 부착 부위의 강도에 비해 현저히 약하므로 외측 또는 내측 측부 인대 재건술 및 보강술시 고정 방법에 대해 주의를 요하며 이를 보강할 수 있는 술식이 필요로 하다고 사료된다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2004

In this paper, we analyzed on the characteristics of the stranded wire disconnected by repeated stress. The stranded wires that were used in the experiment are PVC insulated flexible cords(VCTFK: Vinyl Insulated Vinyl Cabtyre Cord Flat-type) of $0.75mm^2,\;1.25mm^2,\;and\;2.0mm^2$. They are used to connect the load in low voltage. The stranded wires disconnected by repeated stress were magnified with optical microscope. Using X-ray, the disconnected wire were photo-graphed. we compared mechanical characteristics of the stranded wire between disconnected tendency and allowable current. On the mechanical strength of vinyl cap tire ellipse type cords under bending stress, VCTFK of $1.25mm^2$ was the strongest of them. When it was bent $826.3\pm7$ times, it appeared the disconnected tendency that element wires of VCTFK of $1.25mm^2$ are more about 1.67 times than element wires of VCTFK of $0.75mm^2$. In mechanical strength, VCTFK of $1.25mm^2$ is higher about 1.7 times than VCTFK of $0.75mm^2$. Therefore, we found out that mechanical strength was higher, when the wire had a lot of element wires. In comparison with bending stress, VCTFK of $1.25mm^2$ is the strongest among samples, and it is the most useful in wires of movable type.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2003

In a nonlinear finite element study on the mechanical behavior of simple beam connections to continuous concrete-filled steel tube columns, two principally different connection types were analyzed: one with plates attached to the outside of the tube wall, relying on shear transfer, and one with an extended plate inserted through the steel section to ensure bearing on the concrete core. The load was applied partly at the connection within the column length and partly at the top, representing the load from upper stories of a multistory building. The primary focus was on the increased demand for load transfer to ensure composite action when concrete with higher compressive strength is used. The results obtained from the analyses showed that the design bond strength derived from push tests is very conservative, mainly due to the high frictional shear resistance offered by pinching and contraction effects caused by connection rotation. However, with higher concrete strength the demand for load transfer increases, and is hard to fulfill for higher loads when connections are attached only to the steel section. Instead, the connection should penetrate into the concrete core to distribute load to the concrete by direct bearing.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.290-298
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• 1996

The effects of impression tray disinfection procedures on the bond strength of impression-material adhesive to two of types resin trays were evaluated with a tensile test. Autopolyme-rizing acrylic resin was formed into 1x1x1 cm cubes. A hook was attached to each cube with autopolymerizing acrylic resin. Perforated trays were fabricated with stops to maintain an even 3 cm of impression material over the resin block. Hook on the opposite side of the perforated tray permitted attachment of the metal plate to a mechanical testing machine. Before adhesive was applied, one third of the resin specimens were immersed in a 5% sodium hypochlorite solution : one third in a 2% glutaradehyde solution, and one third were kept in the "as fabricated" condition. Three products(Perfect ups, Exafine, and Exp-ress) of polyvynil siloxane impression material-adhesive system were evaluated. The resin-impression material-metal plate couples were attached to a mechanical testing machine and tensile forces were applied at a separation rate of 10 centimeters per second. The results were as follows; 1. Both disinfectant and adhesive had effects on bond strength values, but adhesive had more effect than disinfectant(p<0.01). However, there was no interaction between dinin-fectant and adhesive(p>0.01). 2. Mean bond strength values for the Perfect materials were about 85% less than that of the Exafine or the Express materials. However, there was no stastically significant difference between the mean bond strength values of the Exafine materials and the Express materials(p>0.05). 3. The use of disinfectants produced significant reduction in bond strength values(p<0.05). But there was no stastically significant difference between the mean bond strength values of the groups treated with disinfectants(p>0.05).

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.402-413
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• 2006

Strength evaluation of soft soils is a formidable task because of difficulties in sampling, specimen preparation and setting in triaxial cells. In undrained triaxial testing, sampling disturbance, verticality of specimen and bedding effect give a great influence on shear strength measurements. In the other hand, shear wave measurements of specimens are less influenced by these factors. In this research, the bender elements were attached top cap and base pedestal of triaxial cell and shear wave velocities were measured. To initiate a methodology to evaluate shear strength indirectly by measuring shear wave velocity, a relationship between shear strength and shear wave velocity was developed with kaolinite specimens consolidated in the laboratory. Undrained shear strength turns out to increase linearly with shear wave velocity. Stress-strain curves can also be predicted with a hyperbolic model and shear wave measurements.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2007

Aluminum plates of the same materials as the foam were attached by the casting process inserting the foam as a core to investigate the tensile property of open cell foams. Tensile properties of the open cell 6063 aluminum alloy foam of $10{\sim}30$ PPI were measured before and after heat treatment. Densities of test specimens were between 0.14 and $0.29g/cm^3$. Tensile strength of the 6063 aluminum foam after heat treatment showed little change. C values were in the range of $0.41{\sim}0.87$ for as cast foams and $0.11{\sim}0.27$ for T6 heat treated foams in the eq. of ${\sigma}^* _{pl}/{\sigma}_{ys}=C({\rho}/{\rho}_s)^{1.5}$, and increased with increase in the cell size.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2017

Purpose: this study was conducted on female university students in supine position and preformed the 2 bridge positions exercises, which are the bridge position exercise and the bridge exercise preformed with form rollers attached between their knees, in order to research the effects lumbar stabilization exercise has on lower extremity muscular strength. Method: In order for the participants to fully understand the topic and procedures of the experiment, they were given a 20 minutes of briefing and practice before the experiment. Result: Bridge exercise group and foam roller group were improved the knee flexion and extension strength. Conclusion: This research studied the difference of each lumbar stabilization positions and the effects they have on the fortification of the leg's flexion extension muscular strength, and by comparing which different exercise methods increase muscular strength the most works to plan a more optimal exercise method for lumbar stabilization.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.325-342
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• 2020

The current study is focused on the evaluation of the ultimate strength of stiffened panels found in ship hull structures that are subjected to combined uniaxial thrust, in-plane and out-of-plane bending moments. This loading condition, which is in general ignored when performing buckling checks, applies to representative control geometries (stiffener with attached plating) as a consequence of the linearly varying normal stresses along the ship's depth induced by the hull-girder vertical bending moment. The problem is generalized by introducing a non-uniform thrust described by a displacement ratio and rotation angle and by introducing the slenderness ratios, within the practical range of interest. The formed design space is explored through methods sourcing from Design of Experiments and by applying non-linear finite element procedures. Surrogate empirical models have been constructed through regression analysis and Response Surface Methods. An additional empirical model is provided to the literature for predicting the ultimate strength under uniaxial thrust. The numerical experimentation has shown that is a significant influence on the ultimate strength of stiffened panels as the thrust non-uniformity increases.