• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.16-25
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• 2015

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between physical activity and growth indices. Methods 5963 of 12 years old adolescents were participated in the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBWS-V) project in 2014. These data was analyzed to show the relationship between physical activity and height, BMI. Results According to the Physical Activity guidelines, the mean height was higher in the each male and female group with 'moderate physical activity for at least 60 min ${\geq}7$ days/week', 'vigorous physical activity ${\geq}3$ days/week', and 'muscle-strengthening activity ${\geq}3$ days/week' compare to the group who did not. The mean BMI was lower in the male group of 'sitting for watching TV or computer, etc on a weekday < 3 hr/day' compare to group who did not. Conclusions These results showed that physical activity in adolescence is correlated to growth. Therefore, this research can be one of the reference data to show the proper physical activity is important in the growth.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.279-286
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• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to provide the basic data for establishing countermeasures for preventing injury by analyzing the incidence rates, the risk factors, the characteristics of the injury and the utilization of medical care for mild injury that lasted for two weeks. Methods: We examined the injury survey data among the National Health and Nutrition Survey data. The definition of mild injury that lasted for two weeks was that the injury that caused pain at least once a day for two weeks or the injury for which the usual daily activity of the injured person was severely affected. We used statistical analysis methods such as chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence rate of injury that lasted for two weeks was 4.7 per 1,000 persons. On the multiple logistic regression, the children and adolescents (OR=3.80, 95%CI=1.63-8.84) had higher rates of injuries than the adults, and the middle and high school (OR=0.51, 95%CI=0.31-0.85) and college(OR=0.34, 95%CI=0.17-0.68) students had lower rates of injuries than the elementary school students. The unemployed (OR=0.39, 95%CI=0.20-0.73) and others (OR=0.38, 95%CI=0.21-0,70) had lower rates of injuries than the blue collar workers. The major causes of injuries were found to be falling and slipping, and the most prevalent place of occurrence was near or at home. Conclusions: A prevention program needs to be developed and continuous education must be offered to the children, adolescents and blue collar workers.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.11
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• pp.425-431
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• 2016

The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), calculated by dividing the waist circumference (WC) by height, has recently gained attention as an anthropometric index for central adiposity. It is an easy-to-use and less age-dependent index to identify individuals with increased cardiometabolic risk. A WHtR cutoff of 0.5 can be used in different sex and ethnic groups and is generally accepted as a universal cutoff for central obesity in children (aged ${\geq}6$ years) and adults. However, the WHtR has not been validated in preschool children, and the routine use of WHtR in children under age 6 is not recommended. Prospective studies and meta-analysis in adults revealed that the WHtR is equivalent to or slightly better than WC and superior to body mass index (BMI) in predicting higher cardiometabolic risk. In children and adolescents, studies have shown that the WHtR is similar to both BMI and WC in identifying those at an increased cardiometabolic risk. Additional use of WHtR with BMI or WC may be helpful because WHtR considers both height and central obesity. WHtR may be preferred because of its simplicity and because it does not require sex- and age-dependent cutoffs; additionally, the simple message 'keep your WC to less than half your height' may be particularly useful. This review article summarizes recent publications on the usefulness of using WHtR especially when compared to BMI and WC as a screening tool for obesity and related cardiometabolic risks, and recommends the use of WHtR in clinical practice for obesity screening in children and adolescents.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.14-26
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• 2022

Objectives: Handwashing is one of the most effective methods to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. This study assessed the related factors and reasons for not practicing handwashing at school among adolescents. Methods: We analyzed data collected from 57,303 adolescents who participated in the 15th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2019. Results: The proportions of not washing hands "before meals at school" and "after using the toilet at school" were 15.9% and 4.4%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for not washing hands before meals at school was significantly higher in girls (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.52, 95% Confidence Intervals [CI]=1.42-1.63), metropolitan city (OR=1.32, 95% CI=1.11-1.56), city (OR=1.29, 95% CI=1.08-1.54), higher grade, higher academic performance, lower economic status, not handwashing at home (OR=14.36, 95% CI=13.37-15.42), and without annual personal hygiene education (OR=1.41, 95% CI=1.33-1.49). Reasons for not washing hands at school among adolescents who do not wash their hands before meals at school included 'it is bothersome (52.3%)', 'there is no soap or hand sanitizer (13.8%)', and 'I do not feel the need (9.5%)'. Conclusions: Improving handwashing before meals at school among adolescents requires raising awareness of the importance of handwashing before meals and establishing a suitable environment and handwashing-encouraging culture.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6273-6278
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• 2015

Objective: This study assessed the association between subjective body image or objective body mass index (BMI) and the risk of daily smoking in Korean adolescents, with a purpose of identifying the most suitable models. Materials and Methods: Using the 2013 9th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data for 72,435 students, odds ratios were calculated for daily smoking in the past month, according to the subjective body image and calculated BMI using a respective multiple logistic regression model. The combined effect of these two factors was also analyzed by pairing a BMI category with a subjective body image category, using odds ratios for the same event within each sex group. Results: Among the surveyed students, 7.2% of boys and 1.8% of girls were classified as daily smokers. Students who perceived themselves as being very obese tended to be at lower risk of daily smoking (OR=0.61 in boys with 95% CI=0.47 to 0.79; OR=0.66 in women with 95% CI=0.47 to 0.93). In addition, boys within the obese or overweight BMI category showed a lower risk of daily smoking (OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.77-0.96). Lean BMI was significantly associated with higher odds ratios for daily smoking only in female students (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.02-1.52). When pairing these two objective and subjective factors, results suggested that subjective body image has a greater effect on daily smoking than BMI in both boys and girls. Conclusions: In both male and female students, subjective body image had a greater effect on daily smoking than body mass index. A model using the combination of BMI and subjective body image was the best fit in girls, in contrast to the model using subjective body image only best suitable in boys, for the prediction of daily smoking. These results including several factors associated with daily smoking in Korean students, provide useful data for the development and implementation of smoking intervention and cessation programs for adolescents.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.536-547
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• 2020

This study analyzed the correlation between adolescents' smartphone addiction as well as depression, self-esteem, and self-regulation based on QEEG (Quantitative Electroencephalogram) analysis. The study period was from March 19 to July 12, 2019, and the subjects were 76 students at P Middle School in Gyeonggi-do (normal group 47, risk group 29) who filled out a questionnaire and were subjected to quantitative EEG. The data analysis was performed via frequency analysis, independent t-test, correlation analysis, and path analysis of the IBM SPSS Statics 21.0 program. First, smartphone addiction had a positive correlation with depression. Second, smartphone addiction showed a negative correlation with self-esteem and α wave. Third, depression showed a negative correlation with self-esteem, which did not show a significant correlation with self-regulation. Fourth, depression was higher in the risk group than the normal group. For self-esteem, the normal group scored higher than the risk group. Self-regulation showed higher significant differences with the normal group than the risk group. Fifth, for α wave and SMR, the normal group scored higher than the risk group. Sixth, α waves had a negative effect on smartphone addiction. This study is meaningful in that it applied a brain science approach using quantitative analysis for objective evaluation of smartphone addiction.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2014

With regard to recently emerged problems of smartphone addiction among adults and adolescents, this paper researched upper-grade elementary students depending on various demographic factors that have not been studied thoroughly so far. The survey was conducted on 1570 students in grades 4~6 of schools in Gyeonggi province. Results showed that, first, the average rate of smartphone ownership was about 66%. Second, about 1% of the students belonged to high-risk group, 5.7% to at-risk group, and normal user group was 93.3%. Third, based on the demographic factors, grade and academic achievements each was significantly correlated to the type of addiction group. For example, students with poor academic performance or in higher grade were more likely to be highly addictive. Fourth, both groups of at-risk and of normal-user pertaining to these factors - in urban areas, male students, sixth-grade, in dual income families - showed higher addictiveness score. But they were contrasted in the aspects of household economy and academic performance: at-risk group was more addictive in affluent families or excellent academic performance, whereas normal-user group had higher level of addictiveness in case of poor families or lower academic performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of secondhand smoke on depression and suicidal ideation in adolescents. Methods: The study used the raw data of the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (2018). Age, academic achievement, living with family, economic status, and stress were adjusted and the relationship between secondhand smoke and depression and suicidal thoughts was analyzed by gender. Results: The results showed that secondhand smoke had a significant effect on mental health of adolescents. Male students who experienced secondhand smoke at school and at public places had 1.41 times and 1.37 times higher depression rates, respectively. Female students who experienced secondhand smoke at home, school, and public places had 1.27 times, 1.35 times, and 1.39 times higher depression rates, respectively. Suicidal thoughts were 1.17 times and 1.22 times higher among male students who experienced secondhand smoke at school and at public places. Female students who experienced secondhand smoke at home, school, and public places had 1.12 times, 1.08 times, and 1.21 times more suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: Secondhand smoke has a significant effect on adolescent depression and suicidal thoughts. Therefore, efforts should be made to have institutional changes and increased awareness across the country, such as homes, schools, and communities, to prevent exposure to secondhand smoke.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.1135-1144
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• 2003

Purpose. This study was conducted to understand the degree of internet addiction tendency and to find out the factors influencing this addiction tendency among middle school students in Gyeong-buk area. Methods. A total of 450 middle school students in the Daegu and Gyeong-buk area were surveyed in this study. Data collection was conducted through the use of questionnaires. Results. Internet addiction among middle school students was relatively low (Average user). In the overall ratio distribution, however, students who were classified as either addicted or at risk of addiction accounted for a high percentage, 27%. A positive correlation was found between Internet addiction and Internet expectation, depression and parent control over Internet use. A negative correlation was found between Internet addiction and interpersonal relationship, parent support and self-control. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of Internet addiction tendency was depression. Conclusion. Through the above results, it would be necessary to develop an Internet addiction prevention program for adolescents taking into account for the psychological factors such as depression and Internet use habits. In the future study, the need assessment will be useful for developing this prevention program.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the degree of Internet addiction and factors influencing this addiction among high school students in Korea. Method: A total of 405 high school students in the Gyeoung-gi, Daegu and Gyeoung-buk areas were surveyed using questionnaires for data collection. Results: Internet addiction among high school students in Korea was relatively low. In the overall ratio distribution, however, the students who were classified as either addicted or at risk of addiction accounted for a high percentage of the students, 31.1%. Positive or negative relationships were found between internet addiction and the research variables but multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of Internet addiction was depression. Conclusion: Using the above results, it is necessary to develop Internet addiction prevention programs for adolescents. There should be a more comprehensive study in the future for an in-depth understanding of internet addiction of adolescents.