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Study on roof tiles of Iksan featuring Stamped-Roof Tiles (인각와를 통해 본 익산의 기와에 대한 연구)

  • Lee, Da-Un
    • KOMUNHWA
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    • no.70
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    • pp.89-108
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    • 2007
  • Stamped-Roof Tiles, the characteristics of Baekje Tiles are one of the most frequently excavated tiles in Iksan. Considering the types and amount of excavation of the Stamped-Roof Tiles unearthed in Iksan area, it seems that these are closely related with a Royal family. The tiles might be manufactured by a particular gorup of file maker since they are produced with same way. Referring the Ganji carved in the Stamped-Roof Tiles, I suppose that the tiles were produced and used in two time periods, the time around enthronement of The King Mu and the second quarter of the 7th century around Gichuk, AD. 629. In addition, Convex Tiles used in Wanggung-ri Site and Mireuk Site was also produced in same time as the Stamped-Roof Tiles, considering there pattern and the amount of excavation. The social background of tile production was analogized based on the technology and the time of the tile manufacture as well as the characteristics of the Stamped-Roof Tiles which represent the Obu and the Ohang. The production of the tiles was supported by Obu which aided the King Mu-oriented construction project the economic capacity of the Royal family was not enough to promote. The tile production system was totally controled by the Royal family and the inspector, neither producer nor donator, examined the quantitation of the tiles and generated the imprint of a seal with the Stamped-Roof Tiles.

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Student-Centered Discrete Mathematics Class with Cyber Lab (학생중심의 대학 이산수학 강의 운영사례)

  • Lee, Sang-Gu;Lee, Jae Hwa
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.1-19
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    • 2019
  • This study deals with the case of student-centered discrete mathematics class with cyber lab. First, we provided lecture notes and cyber labs we developed. In particular, discrete mathematics is a course that covers the principles of algorithms. The purpose of this study is to provide students with basic mathematics, aiming to actively participate in the learning process, to improve their abilities and to reach the ultimate goal of student success with confidence. Second, based on interactions, students were able to prepare for the lectures, review, question, answer, and discussion through an usual learning management system of the school. Third, all the students generated materials through one semester, which were reported, submitted, presented and evaluated. It was possible to improve the learning effectiveness through the discussions and implementation of using some easy open source programming language and codes. Our discrete math laboratory could be practiced without any special knowledge of coding. These lecture models allow students to develop critical thinking skills while describing and presenting their learning and problem-solving processes. We share our experience and our materials including lecture note and cyber lab as well as a possible model of student-centered mathematics class that does not give too much of work load for instructors. This study shares a model that demonstrates that any professor will be able to have an individualized, customized, and creative discrete education without spending much of extra time and assistant, unlike previous research.

The impact of influencer characteristics on consumer behavior through coexistence of buyers (인플루언서의 특성이 구매자의 공존성을 통해 소비자 행동에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim Do-Eui;Ku Yeong-Ae;Lee Sin-Bok
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.193-204
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    • 2023
  • In recent years, the concept of influencer marketing has experienced rapid growth in both academia and industry, leading to its emergence as a crucial consideration in the marketing strategies of many businesses. Despite the significance and expansion of the influencer market, however, research on the topic has not kept pace with its growth. Thus, this study seeks to address this gap by empirically analyzing the impact of influencer characteristics on consumer behavior through the coexistence of buyers and providing an empirical contribution to expand the relevant literature. To accomplish this, a survey was conducted with a sample of 400 individuals who had purchased a product through an influencer, and 384 responses were ultimately utilized in the analysis. The results revealed that the attractiveness and empathy of influencers had a positive impact on satisfaction among coexisting buyers, while also having a negative impact on dissatisfaction. In contrast, expertise had no impact on satisfaction, but a positive impact on dissatisfaction. Moreover, satisfaction was found to have a positive impact on brand image and recommendation intention, whereas dissatisfaction had a negative impact on both. Overall, this study adds to the growing body of literature on influencer marketing by providing empirical evidence of the impact of influencer characteristics on consumer behavior, specifically through the lens of coexistence with buyers. These findings hold important implications for businesses looking to develop effective influencer marketing strategies that can enhance their brand image and recommendation intention among consumers.

The Effects of Nursing Students' Experience of Verbal Abuse on Major Satusfaction, Practice Satisfaction, and Nursing Professionalism (간호대학생의 언어폭력 경험이 전공만족도, 실습만족도, 간호전문직관에 미치는 영향)

  • Young Chae Kwon;Young Hee, Kim;Hyeon Jeom Heo
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.5
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    • pp.357-365
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    • 2023
  • Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of nursing students' experience of verbal violence on major satisfaction, practice satisfaction, and nursing professionalism. Data were collected 237 237 3rd and 4th grade nursing students from two nursing colleges located in G and P cities, and the structured questionnaire was analyzed The results of the study showed that major satisfaction was significantly different according to gender (F=1,50, p<.001), grade (F=-2.38, p<.001), and motivation for choosing nursing (t=6.79, p<.000). appeared to have a difference. The experiences of verbal violence were related to major satisfaction (r=-.298, p<.001), practice satisfaction (r=.-.348, p<.001), and professionalism (r=.-.4071, p<.001). It was found that there was a statistically significant negative (-) correlation. Factors influencing the subject's experience of verbal violence include professionalism (β=.305, p<.001), satisfaction with major (β=259, p<.001), and satisfaction with practice (β=142, p=.003). ), and the explanatory power of these variables was 25.9%. It is necessary to develop a program that can cope with verbal violence of nursing students.

Ginseng Research in Natural Products Research Institute (NPRI) and the Pharmaceutical Industry Complex in Gaesong (생약연구소의 인삼연구와 약도개성)

  • Park, Ju-young
    • Journal of Ginseng Culture
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    • v.3
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    • pp.54-73
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    • 2021
  • The Natural Products Research Institute (NPRI, 生藥硏究所), an institution affiliated with Keijo Imperial University (京城帝國大學), was the predecessor of the NPRI at Seoul National University and a comprehensive research institute that focused on ginseng research during the Japanese colonial era. It was established under the leadership of Noriyuki Sugihara (杉原德行), a professor of the second lecture in pharmacology at the College of Medicine in Keijo Imperial University. Prof. Sugihara concentrated on studying Korean ginseng and herbal medicine beginning in 1926 when the second lecture of pharmacology was established. In addition to Prof. Sugihara, who majored in medicine and pharmacology, Kaku Tenmin (加來天民), an assistant professor who majored in pharmacy; Tsutomu Ishidoya (石戶谷勉), a lecturer who majored in agriculture and forestry; and about 36 researchers actively worked in the laboratory before the establishment of the NPRI in 1939. Among these personnel, approximately 14 Korean researchers had basic medical knowledge, derived mostly from specialized schools, such as medical, dental, and pharmaceutical institutions. As part of the initiative to explore the medicinal herbs of Joseon, the number of Korean researchers increased beginning in 1930. This increase started with Min Byung-Ki (閔丙祺) and Kim Ha-sik (金夏植). The second lecture of pharmacology presented various research results in areas covering medicinal plants in Joseon as well as pharmacological actions and component analyses of herbal medicines. It also conducted joint research with variousinstitutions. Meanwhile, in Gaesong (開城), the largest ginseng-producing area in Korea, the plan for the Pharmaceutical Industry Complex was established in 1935. This was a large-scale project aimed at generating profits through research on and the mass production of drugs and the reformation of the ginseng industry under collaboration among the Gaesong Ministry, Kwandong (關東) military forces, Keijo Imperial University, and private organizations. In 1936 and 1938, the Gyeonggi Provincial Medicinal Plant Research Institute (京畿道立 藥用植物硏究所) and the Herb Garden of Keijo Imperial University (京城帝國大學 藥草園) and Pharmaceutical Factory were established, respectively. These institutions merged to become Keijo Imperial University's NPRI, which wasthen overseen by Prof. Sugihara as director. Aside from conducting pharmacological research on ginseng, the NPRI devoted efforts to the development and sale of ginseng-based drugs, such as Sunryosam (鮮麗蔘), and the cultivation of ginseng. In 1941, the Jeju Urban Test Center (濟州島試驗場) was established, and an insecticide called Pancy (パンシ) was produced using Jeju-do medicinal herbs. However, even before research results were published in earnest, Japanese researchers, including Prof. Sugihara, hurriedly returned to Japan in 1945 because of the surrender of Japanese forces and the liberation of Korea. The NPRI was handed over to Seoul National University and led by Prof. Oh Jin-Sup (吳鎭燮), a former medical student at Keijo Imperial University. Scholars such as Woo Lin-Keun (禹麟根) and Seok Joo-Myung (石宙明) worked diligently to deal with the Korean pharmaceutical industry.

Comparison of early tertiary mathematics in USA and Korea (미국과 한국의 초기 고등수학 발전과정 비교연구)

  • Lee, Sang-Gu;Seol, Han-Guk;Ham, Yoon-Mee
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.23 no.4
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    • pp.977-998
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    • 2009
  • In this article, we give a comparative study on the last 300 years of USA and Korean tertiary mathematics. The first mathematics classes in United States were offered before July, 1638, but the real founding of tertiary mathematics courses was in 1640 when Henry Dunster assumed the duties of the presidency at Harvard. President Dunster read arithmetics and geometry on Mondays and Tuesdays to the third year students during the first three quarters, and astronomy in the last quarter. So tertiary mathematics education in United States began at Harvard which is the oldest college in USA. After 230 years since then, Benjamin Peirce in 1870 made a major and first American contribution to mathematics and got an attention from European mathematicians. Major change on the role of Harvard mathematics from teaching to research made by G.D. Birkhoff when he joined as an assistant professor in 1912. Tertiary mathematics education in Korea started long before Chosun Dynasty. But it was given to only small number of government actuarial officers. Modern mathematics education of tertiary level in Korea was given at Sungkyunkwan, Ewha, Paichai, and Soongsil. But all college level education opportunity, particularly in mathematics, was taken over by colonial government after 1920. And some technical and normal schools offered some tertiary mathematics courses. There was no college mathematics department in Korea until 1945. After the World War II, the first college mathematics department was established, and Rimhak Ree in 1949 made a major and first Korean contribution to modern mathematics, and later found Ree group. He got an attention from western mathematicians for the first time as a Korean. It can be compared with Benjamin Peirce's contribution for USA.

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Mediating Roles of Attachment for Information Sharing in Social Media: Social Capital Theory Perspective (소셜 미디어에서 정보공유를 위한 애착의 매개역할: 사회적 자본이론 관점)

  • Chung, Namho;Han, Hee Jeong;Koo, Chulmo
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.101-123
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    • 2012
  • Currently, Social Media, it has widely a renown keyword and its related social trends and businesses have been fastly applied into various contexts. Social media has become an important research area for scholars interested in online technologies and cyber space and their social impacts. Social media is not only including web-based services but also mobile-based application services that allow people to share various style information and knowledge through online connection. Social media users have tendency to common identity- and bond-attachment through interactions such as 'thumbs up', 'reply note', 'forwarding', which may have driven from various factors and may result in delivering information, sharing knowledge, and specific experiences et al. Even further, almost of all social media sites provide and connect unknown strangers depending on shared interests, political views, or enjoyable activities, and other stuffs incorporating the creation of contents, which provides benefits to users. As fast developing digital devices including smartphone, tablet PC, internet based blogging, and photo and video clips, scholars desperately have began to study regarding diverse issues connecting human beings' motivations and the behavioral results which may be articulated by the format of antecedents as well as consequences related to contents that people create via social media. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, or Cyworld users are more and more getting close each other and build up their relationships by a different style. In this sense, people use social media as tools for maintain pre-existing network, creating new people socially, and at the same time, explicitly find some business opportunities using personal and unlimited public networks. In terms of theory in explaining this phenomenon, social capital is a concept that describes the benefits one receives from one's relationship with others. Thereby, social media use is closely related to the form and connected of people, which is a bridge that can be able to achieve informational benefits of a heterogeneous network of people and common identity- and bonding-attachment which emphasizes emotional benefits from community members or friend group. Social capital would be resources accumulated through the relationships among people, which can be considered as an investment in social relations with expected returns and may achieve benefits from the greater access to and use of resources embedded in social networks. Social media using for their social capital has vastly been adopted in a cyber world, however, there has been little explaining the phenomenon theoretically how people may take advantages or opportunities through interaction among people, why people may interactively give willingness to help or their answers. The individual consciously express themselves in an online space, so called, common identity- or bonding-attachments. Common-identity attachment is the focus of the weak ties, which are loose connections between individuals who may provide useful information or new perspectives for one another but typically not emotional support, whereas common-bonding attachment is explained that between individuals in tightly-knit, emotionally close relationship such as family and close friends. The common identify- and bonding-attachment are mainly studying on-offline setting, which individual convey an impression to others that are expressed to own interest to others. Thus, individuals expect to meet other people and are trying to behave self-presentation engaging in opposite partners accordingly. As developing social media, individuals are motivated to disclose self-disclosures of open and honest using diverse cues such as verbal and nonverbal and pictorial and video files to their friends as well as passing strangers. Social media context, common identity- and bond-attachment for self-presentation seems different compared with face-to-face context. In the realm of social media, social users look for self-impression by posting text messages, pictures, video files. Under the digital environments, people interact to work, shop, learn, entertain, and be played. Social media provides increasingly the kinds of intention and behavior in online. Typically, identity and bond social capital through self-presentation is the intentional and tangible component of identity. At social media, people try to engage in others via a desired impression, which can maintain through performing coherent and complementary communications including displaying signs, symbols, brands made of digital stuffs(information, interest, pictures, etc,). In marketing area, consumers traditionally show common-identity as they select clothes, hairstyles, automobiles, logos, and so on, to impress others in any given context in a shopping mall or opera. To examine these social capital and attachment, we combined a social capital theory with an attachment theory into our research model. Our research model focuses on the common identity- and bond-attachment how they are formulated through social capitals: cognitive capital, structural capital, relational capital, and individual characteristics. Thus, we examined that individual online kindness, self-rated expertise, and social relation influence to build common identity- and bond-attachment, and the attachment effects make an impact on both the willingness to help, however, common bond seems not to show directly impact on information sharing. As a result, we discover that the social capital and attachment theories are mainly applicable to the context of social media and usage in the individual networks. We collected sample data of 256 who are using social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and Cyworld and analyzed the suggested hypotheses through the Structural Equation Model by AMOS. This study analyzes the direct and indirect relationship between the social network service usage and outcomes. Antecedents of kindness, confidence of knowledge, social relations are significantly affected to the mediators common identity-and bond attachments, however, interestingly, network externality does not impact, which we assumed that a size of network was a negative because group members would not significantly contribute if the members do not intend to actively interact with each other. The mediating variables had a positive effect on toward willingness to help. Further, common identity attachment has stronger significant on shared information.

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