• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-119
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• 1999

The most common cause of death is ostrich chick fading syndrome(OCFS), which is due to bacterial infection during artificial incubation and hatching. Six farmed ostrich chicks aged 3 and 10 days in Chonbuk province, were submitted to Chonbuk Livestock Development and Research Institute for necropsy, Clinically, birds showed hair loss, ocular exudate, lethargy, diarrhea, and subsequently died 3-5 days after onset of clinical signs. Grossly, umbilicus was enlarged. White-yellowish purulent nodules were scattered on the lung and the membrane of air-sac was thickened and had inflamed exudate on the surface in two chicks that died 3 days after hatching. In 10 days-old chick, intestine was shown rodding segmentally. Yolk sac was still retarded and its surface was partially hemorrahgic. The synovial fluid of the leg was yellowish. Microscopically, multifocal purulent exudates were scattered on the lung. Capillary microthrombi in the glomerulus were prominent and tubular epithelia were necrotic. Necrotic hepatocytes were scattered and intestine were congested. Microbiologically, Pseudomonas sp and/or E coli were isolated from air-sac, lung and/or liver. This case suggests that poor hygiene during artificial incubation, hatching or in the first week after hatching may cause high mortality of the ostrich chicks.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.927-930
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• 2012

Background and Objectives: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are flexible and nonlinear models which can be used by clinical oncologists in medical research as decision making tools. This study aimed to predict distant metastasis (DM) of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients using an ANN model. Methods: The data of this study were gathered from 1219 registered CRC patients at the Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (January 2002 and October 2007). For prediction of DM in CRC patients, neural network (NN) and logistic regression (LR) models were used. Then, the concordance index (C index) and the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were used for comparison of neural network and logistic regression models. Data analysis was performed with R 2.14.1 software. Results: The C indices of ANN and LR models for colon cancer data were calculated to be 0.812 and 0.779, respectively. Based on testing dataset, the AUROC for ANN and LR models were 0.82 and 0.77, respectively. This means that the accuracy of ANN prediction was better than for LR prediction. Conclusion: The ANN model is a suitable method for predicting DM and in that case is suggested as a good classifier that usefulness to treatment goals.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.628-636
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• 2020

Streptococcosis in the olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus can be caused by Streptococcus parauberis. We compared three routes of administration for experimental injections of the S. parauberis 19FBSPa0003 strain in the olive flounder. Pathological changes were observed during the experimental infection. Inflammation of the serous membrane in the liver, intestine, spleen and heart was the major pathological change found in the infected olive flounder. No mortality was observed in fish that received intraperitoneal (IP) injection at less than 1×10⁴ colony-forming unit (CFU)/fish. The lethal dose 50 for olive flounder, given an intravenous (IV) injection, was 7.94×10⁴ CFU/fish. Fish with a higher concentration of IV injected S. parauberis (1×10⁸ CFU/fish) died within a maximum of two days. However, serious necrosis and bacterial proliferation in ellipsoidal cells of the spleen and heart tissues were found in moribund or dead fish, 1-2 days after IV injection. Similar histopathological signs were observed in olive flounder inoculated by subcutaneous (SC) infected and naturally infected. In addition, SC was also strongly associated with bacteria concentration and cumulative mortality rate. Based on these results, SC is the recommended method for artificial infection by S. parauberis in the olive flounder.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.423-427
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• 2001

Chitosan/alginate capsules were formed by electrostatic interactions and had appropriated mechanical strength, permeability to albumin, and stability to hepatocytes. Rat hepatocytes were isolated and immobilized in chitosan/alginate capsules. During the encapsulation process with hepatocyte, 10% of viability was decreased mainly due to the low pH of the chitosan solution. Among various capsule fabrication methods, the chitosan-alginate capsule showed the highest mechanical strength. Addition of collagen in the capsule with hepatocytes enhanced hepatic metabolism as well as the cell viability for 2 weeks of culture. The hepatocyte in the capsule without collagen decreased the viability to 10% for 2-week cultures.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.259-259
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• 2006

PAU is the block copolymer consists of a small amount of a small amount of poly(${\gamma}-methyl-L-glutamate$) (PMLG) and the polyurethane. The urethane segments are hydrophobic and then strongly interact with the other hydrophobic materials such as PTFE, and the PMLG segments with the ${\alpha}-helix$ structure possess the cytocompatibility. Therefore, PAU can be easily coated onto the PTFE fiber and acts as an artificial extracellular matrix with the high cytocompatibility Results shows, the immobilization, cultured and functions of porcine hepatocytes is greatly improved.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.638-639
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• 2000

Quinone reductase was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity from bovine liver by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The enzyme utilized either NADH or NADPH as the electron donor. The optimum pH of the enzyme was pH 8.5, and the activity of the enzyme was greatly inhibited by $Cu^{2+}$ and $Hg^{2+}$ ions, dicumarol and cibacron blue 3GA. The enzyme catalyzed the reduction of several quinones and other artificial electron acceptors. Furthermore, the enzyme catalyzed NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of azobenzene or 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline. The apparent $K_m$ for 1,4-benzoquinone, azobenzene, and 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline was 1.64mM, 0.524mM and 0.225mM, respectively. The reduction of azobenzene or 4-nitroso-N,N-dimethylaniline by quinone reductase was strongly inhibited by dicumarol or cibacron blue 3GA, potent inhibitors of quinone reductase.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.128-138
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• 1986

Three newly synthesized alkanol esters of d-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) propionic acid, NAPROXEN were examined for physicochemical properties and biopharmaceutical characteristics. These esters were very stable in solid state, but more than 90% of these esters were hydrolysed to the parent, naproxen in rabbit's liver hornogenates. They showed higher dissolution rate in the artificial gastric and intestinal juice, and significantly greater partition coefficient in n-octanol, when compared with naproxen. The absorption rate constants of these esters were increased, while the elimination rate constants were decreased, comparing with naproxen. The ulcerogenic doses on gastric and intestinal mucosa were increased remarkably, and the antiinflammatory dose against carrageenininduced edema on rat hind paw was decreased markedly in these esters, and thus the safety indexes of these esters were higher than that of naproxen.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.82 no.5
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• pp.1196-1206
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• 2021

Purpose To construct a standard dataset of contrast-enhanced CT images of liver tumors to test the performance and safety of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms for clinical decision support systems (CDSSs). Materials and Methods A consensus group of medical experts in gastrointestinal radiology from four national tertiary institutions discussed the conditions to be included in a standard dataset. Seventy-five cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 75 cases of metastasis, and 30-50 cases of benign lesions were retrieved from each institution, and the final dataset consisted of 300 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 300 cases of metastasis, and 183 cases of benign lesions. Only pathologically confirmed cases of hepatocellular carcinomas and metastases were enrolled. The medical experts retrieved the medical records of the patients and manually labeled the CT images. The CT images were saved as Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files. Results The medical experts in gastrointestinal radiology constructed the standard dataset of contrast-enhanced CT images for 783 cases of liver tumors. The performance and safety of the AI algorithm can be evaluated by calculating the sensitivity and specificity for detecting and characterizing the lesions. Conclusion The constructed standard dataset can be utilized for evaluating the machine-learning-based AI algorithm for CDSS.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.361-366
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• 2010

This study was practiced to investigate the existing study trends for Injinho that is numerously used for hepatobiliary diseases in oriental medicine. The studies selected from the domestic academic database included the following keywords in the title or abstract; 'Artemisia capillaris', 'Artemisia iwayomogi', 'Artemisia scoparia'. The studies considered were those published from January 1990 to May 2009. 198 studies were found to include the keywords related to the study subjects either in their title of contents or abstracts, and 104 studies among them were finally selected as subjects for this study. 81 studies among 104 studies(78%) were published between 2000 and 2009, while 23 studies(22%) were published between 1990 and 1999. Classification was proceeded according to study subjects as followed; 23 studies confirming hepatoprotective effect after artificial liver damage in a number of cells or the organ itself, 18 studies on anti-tumor effect, 12 studies on hyperlipidemia and fatty liver disease, and 4 studies on liver cirrhosis and hepatocyte regeneration. Furthermore, classification was conducted according to study methods as followed; 56 studies practicing in vitro, 33 studies practicing in vivo, 11 studies practicing both in vitro and in vivo. 2 studies on specific cases and 1 study on documentary records. The majority of studies report the affirmative effects of Injinho. However most study methods were restricted to in vitro and in vivo. Hereafter, case reports on various fields and multicenter clinical trials on Injinho is necessary.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2003

Fournier's gangrene is a synergistic necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal, perirectal and urogenital area and can be fatal unless treated in early stage. Perianal and urogenital infections are common causes of the disease but it can occur after artificial procedure on perineal area using by surgical instruments. It is mixed aerobic and anaerobic infection and E. coli is the most common causative bacteria. Untill now many investigators have focused on early diagnosis, preserving hemodynamic stability, broad-spectrum systemic antibiotics and treatment of underlying disease in management of Fournier's gangrene. The authors have experienced five patients of chronic liver disease whose necrotizing perineal infections developed spontaneously and treated them aggressively as described above and reconstructed perineal soft tissue defects using by various surgical methods, then we got good results both functionary and cosmetically. From now on, we would better reconstruct soft tissue defect of perineum with skin graft or pedicled flap in early stage when treat Fournier's gangrene, thereafter we can get an ultimate increase in patient's life quality.