• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.19-28
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• 2000

Now in order to overcome the weakest points of the rural areas of the city of Kimje and, transform them into rural cultural villages which have local governing systems suitable to new localization age and activate this plan, we selected Daesan Village as a model village which had shown a lot of potentials in the basic research and studied it dividing it into the former part and the latter part. We studied Daesan village in the former part focusing on state analysis and basic ideas and in the latter part focusing on master plan and detail planning. We can summarize the conclusion like the followings. 1. Daesan Village located 8 kilometer away from the downtown Kimje and the city of Iksan respectably has comparatively good environment of good sunny place as an open field whose surrounding configuration of the ground consists of farming lands and low hills in front and rear. It has 38 farming households in all. 2. Human environment(인문환경); the village road whose width is about 4 meters is forming a flow system forking off into three. There is a route bus which operates three times a day even into the inside of the village. The main sources of revenue are vegetables in facilities, fruits and floriculture. Their average revenue is about 10.5 million won. 3. Here in DaeSan Village a legend dealing with Teasan literally meaning a big mountain consist of th village's tradition and you can see the tombs of a very faithful son and Anwi an army general in the age of the Japanese Invasion of Korea of 1592 to 1598 inside the village. 4. 85 out of the eitire population 141 whose age are over 20 showed very positive attitudes in a questionnaire about, making the village a cultural one and its development. 5. The basic of planned ideas is to increase the revenue of the farming household by making the village a professional farming one which has a state-of the-art production facility and agricultural technique. It is to make the village the one where people can enjoy the sense of the rural life and the farmer can enjoy their lives through consumptive and consistant leisure and resting activities. 6. We are planning to make entrance space, life space, rest and sport space, and cultural space considering the characteristics of the village and the demand of the resident. We are also planning to make tile entire city of Kimje an information transmitting base in short and long term perspectives. 7. DaeSan Village was planned as a place where tradition and the future exist together. On the basis of this concept we planned future programs for Daesan Village and in the latter part of the study master plans and detail plans will be continued.the regional agricultural condition. The development permissions were only during the period of restricted to use ($1979.12{\sim}1993.11$). We propose that the authority of development permission should be given to the local autonomy government, because the local government has the knowledge of its individual agricultural conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.398-412
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• 2000

The purposes of this study are : (a) to investigate the attitude to various coffee and tea of women, (b) to analyze the characteristics of each classified group according to eating frequency, and (c) to abstract the factors which can influence the consumption of coffee and tea. Questionnaires were hand delivered to 1,200 women residing in Seoul. A total of 1012 was usable: resulting in 84% response rate. Statistical data analysis was completed using SAS Package program for the one way-analysis of variance(ANOVA), Duncan's multiple comparison test, factor analysis and analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA). (a) Instant coffee was most consumed(22.1 times a month), green tea in tea bag(8.7), Donggulre tea(8.3), Coffee (72) in order of frequency. Among Korean traditional tea Donggulre tea(8.3) and Yuja tea (2.0) were most prefered but still a minute quantity of Korean traditional tea was enjoyed. (b) Coffee and Black tea was regarded unhealthful but habitual, delicious and familiar beverage. Green tea was regarded good for health but not so habitual, practical and familiar. The consumer awareness can be grouped into 3 clases : Healthy factor, Habitual Practical factor, Familiar factor. (c) The sociodemographic characteristics of women influenced the beverage consumption. Women in their 30s and 40s consumed much of instant coffee and coffee. 10s and 20s consumed much of canned coffee. Working women drank much of instant coffee and green tea in tea bag. Women in highest income group$({\geq}\;4,000,000\;won/month)$ consumed much of coffee. (d) The factors which influenced the eating frquency of those beverages were various. The eating frequency of instant coffee was influenced by the age, familiar factor and habitual practical factor. And coffee were influenced by income level, habitual practical factor. The frequency of green tea in tea bag was influenced by habitual practical factor and familiar factor, green tea was influenced by healthy factor and habitual practical factor, Donggulre tea was influenced by habitual practical factor.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.163-171
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• 2016

This study derived the policy implications and market strategies by analysis the e-book companies requirements & the CPND value chain structure, in order to revitalize the e-book market in Korea. Specifically, we examined the prospect of e-book market in Korea, current situations of production and distribution, awareness of service utilization and requirements for support policy with targets of 30 companies. As a research, the most needed item for e-book companies is 'PR and marketing support to enter and open the markets'(27%), which is the highest. 'Financial support such as labor costs and business expenses', 'support for retraining personnel to develop the expertise in respective fields' are followed and they account for 22%. Currently, the most effective support item is the external support program(35%) and funding power(30%) is followed. Unlike a paper book market, e-book is turned into a platform business in terms of the value chain. Based on these research content, e-book market activation and corporate competitive strategy was derived as follows : 1)literacy reinforcement about SNS marketing and e-pub3 authoring tool. 2)statistical DB construction of retail sales channels. 3)diversification of the billing system. 4)The quality of the e-book content certification.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.303-310
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• 2002

Objective s: To estimate the frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in the Korean population of infertile men and to evaluate the relationship between microdeletion on the Y chromosome and clinical phenotypes of infertile men with idiopathic azoospermia and oligozoospermia. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples collected from 330 infertile men attending the Infertility Clinic at Samsung Cheil Hospital, Korea. Six sequence tagged sites (STSs) spanning the azoospermia factor (AZF) regions of the Y chromosome were amplified by polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). Results: Microdeletions on Y chromosome were detected in 35 (10.6%) of the 330 infertile men. Most of the microdeletions (91.4%) involved AZFb or AZFc. The high incidence of microdeletions were found in AZFc region (57.1%), but the low in AZFa (8.6%) and AZFb (5.7%). Larger microdeletions involving two or three AZF regions were detected in 28.6% of cases. All patients (6 patients) with deletion of AZFa region showed no germ cell phenotypes, Sertoli cell only syndrome or Leydig cell hyperplasia in histopathologic examinations. Conclusion: Microdeletions on the Y chromosome, especially, at AZFc/DAZ regions may be the major cause of azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia. We suggest that idiopathic infertile men have genetic counselling and microdeletion analysis on the Y chromosome before IVF-ET and ART program.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.35-51
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• 2017

Street gardens, a series of streetscape improvement projects led by Seoul City Government, are initiated for the purpose of providing aesthetic satisfaction and mental refreshment to pedestrians. In order to investigate whether street gardens indeed promote the psychological health of the users, questionnaire surveys were conducted on three selected street gardens - at Gangnam-daero, Digital-ro, and Teheranro - and their comparison sites located on the same streets, which have a similar physical environment but without a street garden. The survey questionnaires, based on Attention Restoration Theory, were composed of Perceived Restorativeness Scale-11 with the eleven individual questions grouped into four categories: 'Fascination', 'Being away', 'Coherence', and 'Scope'. The survey questionnaires also ask about physical components that promote psychological improvement in the aforementioned categories. The collected data was analyzed with factor analysis, reliability analysis, and independent t-test. The results suggested that street gardens had a relatively positive effect on the psychological restorativeness of the users. In particular, they gave fascination and interest to the users. However, they did not offer a feeling of being away to the users, which revealed the limitation in the psychological improvement effect of street gardens. The physical components of the street garden that have led the psychological restorativeness effect were wooden bench, tree, and flower. This result corresponds to an extant theory that natural factors have a positive effect on the psychological restorativeness within a hardscape. This research will shed light on the planning and design guidelines for the street garden project.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.185-192
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• 1999

The present study was performed to investigate the efficacy and safety of laser assisted hatching (AH) on mouse embryos. Non-contact $1.48{\mu}m$ diode laser system used to create a precise hole on zona pellucida. 2-cell embryos were collected from the mice (ICR) that had the coitus vaginal plug confirmed at 48 hours after hCG injection. Collected 2-cell embryos were cultured in the HTF medium supplemented with 0.4% BSA. For experiments, embryos at 8-cell stage were used after 18-22 hours in culture. After assisted hatching, the embryos were further cultured in HTF medium containing 0.1% PVP (anti-hatching system) for 3 days. For evaluate efficiency of laser on mouse embryo hatching, the effect of AH methods (acidic tyrode, pronase and laser), the number of artificial holes (1, 2 and 3 hole) and the irradiation time of laser (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 ms) were examined. Hatching rates of laser AH group (95.2%) was significantly higher than that of control group (50.8%), but there was no differences among the laser (95.2%), acidic tyrode (100%) and pronase (98.5%) groups. Hatching rates of the number of zona pellucida opening by laser, there were no differences among the 1 hole (87.5%),2 hole (92.1%) and 3 hole (85.9%) groups. Developmental and hatching rates of embryos according to laser irradiation time were similar in the treatment groups. Therefore, these results suggest that laser AH using non-contact $1.48{\mu}m$ diode laser is a simple and accurate and effective procedure for AH. Based on these results, laser AH could be use safely for human ART program.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.55-71
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• 2015

The purpose of current study is to identify moderator effects of a number of use in terms of the influences of selection properties as perceived by college foodservice. This study was collected 297 survey from college students in Busan and Gyeongnam using the statistics program SPSS (18.0). Result shown that the selection properties of the institutional food service were analyzed with four elements: physical environments, service of worker, diversity of menu, and quality of food. All of the selection properties were found to have significant effects on satisfaction. Although there was no significant effect on the second stage, partial moderating effects were found in the third stage only when the interaction term of physical environments ${\times}$ the number of use is applied. Considering these results, it can be considered that a number of use of foodservice facilities are moderated by physical environments. Therefore, it implies that institutional foodservice operators should improve physical environments including interior, tableware, and cleanliness. In addition, satisfaction and preference were found to be closely related each other, which indicates that preference is improved as satisfaction increases.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.13-24
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• 2014

Objective : The purpose of this research is to choose scissoring, handling chopsticks, wearing a jacket with buttons as a significant subject in order to understand relations between writing ability of a preschool child and functional achievement ability. Methods : The subjects are 66 preschool children under the age of 5. The research has conducted for 1 week by using writing test, scissoring, handling chopsticks, wearing a jacket with buttons as an indicator of valuation. We collected statistics by using program called SPSS WIN 14.0 for the process of analysis. Results : The score of writing ability which is one of the common characteristic of subject has a significant difference in terms of statistics according to the gender. the score of girls are higher($13.33{\pm}2.55$) than boys($11.92{\pm}2.52$). Writing ability has a significant relativity with the achievement ability of scissoring(r=0.244, p=0.048),handling chopsticks(r=0.403, p=0.001), achievement ability in terms of statistics. Conclusion : A significant difference between writing ability according common characteristics of children is showed based on the gender. writing ability has a significant relativity with the achievement ability of scissoring, handling chopsticks, achievement ability.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.596-602
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate the changes of major components and bioactivities of tea produce. The tea produce were made by various methods, with different degree of fermentation during manufacturing process. Except green tea, degrees of fermentation in Wizo Tea, Ilsoae Tea, and Hwang Tea were $5{\sim}10%,\;50{\sim}60%$ and $70{\sim}80%$ respectively. The result are as follows : The general component(moisture, crude ash, crude lipid, and crude protein) and the content of total polyphenol in tea products were not shown significant difference during the fermentation process. The content of caffeine in tea extracts decreased sharply as degree of fermentation of tea. In comparison of hunter values in tea extract, lightness was decreased as fermentation redness (a) was all (-), and yellowness(b) was increased sharpy with degree of fermentation. Radical scavenging activity using DPPH of tow kinds of tea was potent and decreased generally with degree of feimentation. Inhibitory effects of tea extracts against angiotensin I converting enzyme were also potent.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3131-3138
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• 2015

At a dermatology during the skin care, photodynamic therapy(PDT) is carried after 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA), light sensitive material, is applied. At a skin care shop, using drug is prohibited. Thus, the aim of this research was to see the effect of the acne skin by irradiating PDT to the skin without applying ALA. The research method was that 24 female undergraduates who had acne on their face at the level of mild or comedonal, and the participants were divided into four groups(group1: no treatment, group 2: 420 nm of blue visible light, group 3: 660 nm of red visible light and group 4: blue and red visible light). The participants of group 2, 3 and 4 were irradiated with visible light for 20 minutes per week for 6 weeks, and they were compared to group 1. As a result of the research, the number of erythema, sebum, papules and pustules of those who were irradiated with visible light decreased, and the pore size of those also decreased while the amount of moisture increased. If an skin care shop applies PDT to the existing acne skin care, that PDT will influence on the program of a skin care shop is expected.