• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.213-216
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• 2006

The present study was aimed to determine whether nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the regulation of aquaporin (AQP) channels in the kidney. Male Brattleboro rats ($250{\sim}300\;g$ body weight) were used. The experimental group was treated with $N^G$-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 mg/L drinking water) for 1 week, and cotreated with indomethacin (5 mg/kg, twice a day, i.p.) for the last two days. Control groups were treated with either L-NAME for 1 week, indomethacin for 2 days, or without any drug treatment. The abundance of AQP1, AQP2 and AQP3 proteins in the kidney was determined by Western blot analysis. Indomethacin downregulated AQP channels, whereas L-NAME by itself showed no significant effects on them. The indomethacin-induced downregulation of AQP2 and AQP3 was significantly blunted in L-NAME-treated rats, while that of AQP1 was not affected. These results suggest that endogenous NO, when stimulated, may downregulate AQP channels that are specifically regulated by AVP/cAMP pathway in the kidney.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1825-1828
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• 2013

Overexpression of several aquaporins (AQPS) has been reported in different types of human cancer but roles in human carcinogenesis have yet to be clearly defined. Here, we up-regulated expression of the AQP8 gene in SiHa human cervical cancer cells with a lentivirus transfection system and investigated its effects as a potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer. Results showed AQP8 overexpression did not affect their substrate adherence and proliferation, but accelerated migration as assessed by transwell migration and wound healing assays. Moreover, AQP8 overexpression significantly enhanced local invasion of SiHa cells in nude mice. These findings altogether indicate that AQP8 overexpression increases migration of SiHa cells and probably participates in the process of tumor local invasion.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.331-336
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• 2008

The present study was aimed to determine whether there is an altered regulation of tubular transporters in gentamicin-induced nephropathy. Sprague-Dawley male rats ($200{\sim}250\;g$) were subcutaneously injected with gentamicin (100 mg/kg per day) for 7 days, and the expression of tubular transporters was determined by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The mRNA and protein expression of OAT was also determined. Gentamicin-treated rats exhibited significantly decreased creatinine clearance along with increased plasma creatinine levels. Accordingly, the fractional excretion of sodium increased. Urine volume was increased, while urine osmolality and free water reabsorption were decreased. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase, NHE3, NBC1, and AQP1 in the kidney of gentamicin-treated rats. The expression of OAT1 and OAT3 was also decreased. Gentamicin-induced nephropathy may at least in part be causally related with a decreased expression of $Na^+/K^+$-ATPase, NHE3, NBC1, AQP1 and OAT.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.175-193
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• 2016

Objective : Diuretics are effective on the patients with hypertension and heart failure, as well as edema by regulating the function of kidney, which is key organ to maintain the balance of the different electrolytes in the body. The present review article is designed to review the diuretic effect of Korean medicinal prescription base on the experimental studies.Method : For this purpose, every article related to ‘diuresis’ and 'Korean medicinal prescription' were analysed from articles which published at domestic and international journals.Results : 1. Representative Korean medicine prescriptions showed diuretic effect along with electrolyte excretion were Oryeong-san, Paeryung-tang, Hwangryungbokryung-tang and Daeganghwal-tang. 2. Some Korean medicinal prescription including Oryeong-san, Jueryeong-tang, Sipcho-tang distribute diuresis through the inhibition of renin-angiotensin-system. 3. Oryeong-san, Bojungchiseup-tang had a diuretic effect on the down-regulation of aquaporin water channel in the renal collecting duct.Conclusion : Korean medicinal transcriptions have a diuretic effect through several types of mechanism such as along with electrolytes excretion, inhibition of renin-angiotensin system, and down-regulation of water channels.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.65-69
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• 2006

The present study was undertaken to explore the role of autonomic nerves in the regulation of sodium transporters and water channels in the salivary gland. Rats were denervated of their sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves to the submandibular gland. One week later, the expression of Na,K-ATPase, epithelial sodium channels (ENaC), and aquaporins (AQP) was examined in the denervated and contralateral glands. The sympathetic denervation slightly but significantly decreased the expression of ${\alpha}1$ subunit of Na,K-ATPase, whereas the parasympathetic denervation increased it. The expression of ${\alpha}$-subunit of ENaC was significantly increased in both the denervated and contralateral glands either by the sympathetic or parasympathetic denervation. The sympathetic denervation significantly increased the expression of AQP5 in both the denervated and contralateral glands, whereas the parasympathetic denervation decreased it. It is suggested that the autonomic nerves have a tonic effect on the regulation of sodium transporters and AQP water channels in the salivary gland.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2019

The transport systems for metals play crucial roles in both the physiological functions of essential metals and the toxic effects of hazardous metals in mammals and plants. In mammalian cells, Zn transporters such as ZIP8 and ZIP14 have been found to function as the transporters for Mn(II) and Cd(II), contributing to the maintenance of Mn homeostasis and metallothionein-independent transports of Cd, respectively. In rice, the Mn transporter OsNramp5 expressed in the root is used for the uptake of Cd from the soil. Japan began to cultivate OsNramp5 mutant rice, which was found to accumulate little Cd, to prevent Cd accumulation. Inorganic trivalent arsenic (As(III)) is absorbed into mammalian cells via aquaglyceroporin, a water and glycerol channel. The ortholog of aquaporin in rice, OsLsi1, was found to be an Si transporter expressed in rice root, and is responsible for the absorption of soil As(III) into the root. Since rice is a hyperaccumulator of Si, higher amounts of As(III) are incorporated into rice compared to other plants. Thus, the transporters of essential metals are also utilized to incorporate toxic metals in both mammals and plants, and understanding the mechanisms of metal transports is important for the development of mitigation strategies against food contamination.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.676-684
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• 2021

Euryhaline teleost have extraordinary ability to deal with a wide range of salinity changes. To study the seawater adaptability of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (body weight 638±54 g, length 38.6±2 cm) to salinity increase fish were transferred from freshwater to 7, 14, 21, 28 and 32 psu and checked for mortality over 5 days. No mortality was observed in 0-32 psu. In fish transferred to 0-32 psu, blood osmolality was maintained within physiological range. The changes of serum enzyme activities (aspartate transaminase, AST and alanine transaminase, ALT) showed no significant level during experimental period. To explore the underlying molecular physiology of gill and kidney responsible for body fluid regulation, we measured mRNA expression of five genes, Na⁺/K⁺/2Cl^- cotransporter1 (NKCC1), aquaporin3 (AQP3), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) in response to salt stress. Based on our result, rainbow trout could tolerate gradual transfer up to 32 psu for 5 days without mortality under physiological stress. This study suggests to alleviate osmotic stress to fish, a gradually acclimation to increasing salinity is recommended.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2022

Many efforts have been made to study the expression of aquaporins (AQP) in the mammalian reproductive system, but there are not enough data available regarding their localized expression to fully understand their specific roles in male reproduction. The present study investigated the expression and localization patterns of different AQP subtypes in the adult mouse testes and testicular spermatozoa using an immunofluorescence assay. All the studied AQPs were expressed in the testes and revealed subtype-specific patterns in the intensity and localization depending on the cell types of the testes. AQP7 was the most abundant and intensive AQP subtype in the seminiferous tubules, expressing in Leydig cells and Sertoli cells as well as all stages of germ cells, especially the spermatids and testicular spermatozoa. The expression pattern of AQP3 was similar to that of AQP7, but with higher expression in the basal and lower adluminal compartments rather than the upper adluminalcompartment. AQP8 expression was limited to the spermatogonia and Leydig cells whereas AQP9 expression was exclusive to tails of the testicular spermatozoa and elongated spermatids. Taken together, the abundance and distribution of the AQPs across the different cell types in the testes indicating to their relavance in spermatogenesis, as well as in sperm maturation, transition, and function.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.74-74
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• 2020

Skin is continuously exposed to a variety of environmental stresses, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UVB is an inherent component of sunlight that crosses the epidermis and reaches the upper dermis, leading to increased oxidative stress, activation of inflammatory response and accumulation of DNA damage among other effects. In the present study, the anti-wrinkle mechanism of Acorus gramineus callus culture supernatant (GB-AGS-PSC) was elucidated in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes. GB-AGS-PSC prevented the matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP-1), elastin, and pro-collagen product and cytotoxicity and SOD inhibition. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that GB-AGS-PSC-treated cells displayed dose-dependent increase in messenger RNA expression levels of Aquaporin 3 (AQP3), Keratin 1(KRT1), fillagrin, and hyaluronan synthase-2 (HAS 2) and decreased expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3, -9, and -13 in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes. Additionally, GB-AGS-PSC suppressed TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 product for inflammatory responses in UVB treated HaCaT keratinocytes. Therefore, GB-AGS-PSC may be useful as an anti-photoaging resource for the skin.

• BMB Reports
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2024

We investigated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (BMSC-CM) on immortalized renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC/TERT1) in a fibrotic environment. To replicate the increased stiffness characteristic of kidneys in chronic kidney disease, we utilized polyacrylamide gel platforms. A stiff matrix was shown to increase α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels, indicating fibrogenic activation in RPTEC/TERT1 cells. Interestingly, treatment with BMSC-CM resulted in significant reductions in the levels of fibrotic markers (α-SMA and vimentin) and increases in the levels of the epithelial marker E-cadherin and aquaporin 7, particularly under stiff conditions. Furthermore, BMSC-CM modified microRNA (miRNA) expression and reduced oxidative stress levels in these cells. Our findings suggest that BMSC-CM can modulate cellular morphology, miRNA expression, and oxidative stress in RPTEC/TERT1 cells, highlighting its therapeutic potential in fibrotic kidney disease.