• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.133-147
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect on the evaluation of a female teachers' role-performance based on appearance according to the clothing attitude of students and their parents. Based on the results of this study a female teachers' role-performance evaluation can be broken down into four ability areas: leaning guidance, living guidance, human relations, and learning management. Likewise the clothing attitudes of students and their parents can be divided into three groups, the clothing oriented group, the trend-individuality group, and the chastity oriented group. The trend-individuality group of students felt that female teachers' appearances have a significant effect on learning guidance and human relations ability while parents thought that there was little relationship or that it has a moderate effect on the role of learning guidance. Because the concerns of students and parents about female teachers' clothing has an effect on female teachers' role performance evaluation, when directing a student group with a high concern for clothing, female teachers need to be sensitive about their appearances and it's affect on learning guidance, human relations, and class management. Based on these results, students and parents felt that female teachers' appearances have an effect on their role performance according to their clothing attitudes.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.21-31
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• 1968

The appearance rates of antipyrine and urea into cerebrospinal fluid from blood were studied in the rabbits which were in the state of hypotension and of high permeability in the capillary beds following injection of histamine. The alteration in the distribution of electrolytes among various compartments of the brain and the permeability characteristics in the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier were also observed. Adult male rabbits, weighing around 2 kg, were used. Twenty four rabbits were divided into 3 groups. Besides the control group, histamine treated rabbits were categorized into 2 groups. $H_1$ consisted of the rabbits showing moderate responses to histamine and ranging from 62 to 80 mmHg in their mean anterial blood pressure. The animals which belong to $H_2-group$ showed severe responses to histamine and the mean anterial blood pressures dropped to 30-50 mmHg. Animals were anesthetized with nembutal, 30mg/kg i.v. The mean arterial blood pressure was read by means of the mercury manometer connected to the femoral artery. The animals, treated with histamine, were kept in hypotensive state at least for 40 minutes before the administration of the test-substances. The test-substances, 300 mg of urea and 200 mg of antipyrine, were dissolved in 3 ml of distilled water and were injected into the ear vein of the rabbit. After 10 minutes elapsed arterial blood sample was taken from the femoral artery and cerebrospinal fluid from the cisterna magna. Brain tissues were also analysed with respect to electrolytes in order to observe the disturbances in the electrolytes balance as well as in the function of the central nervous system. The results obtained were as follow: 1. The ratio of antipyrine concentration in cerebrospinal fluid to that of arterial blood plasma, that was the distribution ratio, was close to unity, revealing a well established equilibrium between the compartments of blood and cerebrospinal fluid in 10 minutes. In other words, there was no diffusion barrier with regard to antipyrine. The ratios over unity which were frequently seen in the histamine treated animals were attributable to the early penetration of the substance into the cerebrospinal fluid. 2. The appearance rates of urea into the cerebrospinal fluid in the histamine treated rabbits were higher in comparison with those of in the control animals. The increasing tendency in the rates was particularly remarkable in the $H_2-group$, showing the enhanced penetration of urea across the boondary. 3. In the htisamine treated $H_2-group$ the concentration of potassium in the blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid well exceeded the control values and showed 8.5 and 9.0 mEq/l in average, respectively. Simultaneous drops in the brain tissue water were noticed, suggesting the leakage of intracellular potassium. 4. There was a coincidence in the rising pattern of potassium in the blood plasma and in the cerebrospinal fluid of $H_2-group$ and at least partial removal of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier with respect to potassium was suggested in these animals. 5. The concentration of sodium in the blood plasma or in the cerebrospinal fluid showed no significant changes following histamine injection. However, sodium in the brain tissue revealed slight elevation in the histamine treated groups. 6. The ratios of the concentrations of potassium to those of sodium, [K]/[Na] in the brain tissues, were 1.92 in the control 1.82 in the $H_1$ and 1.52 in the $H_2-group$, respectively. The marked drop in the $H_2-group$ might represent neural dysfunction in the extremely hypotensive rabbits.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.253-262
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to find out optimum conditions for zinc crystalline glaze under variables of firing: maximum firing temperature, crystal growth temperature, temperature increasing speed, annealing speed, holding time at maximum temperature and holding time at crystal growth temperature. Ferro Frit3110, ZnO and Quartz were used as starting materials and tested by three component system. The best result of test was selected and extended to its vicinity as five glaze formulas. And then the specimens were experimented by variable firing conditions and analyzed by crystal appearance observation, XRD, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. In result, main crystal was willemite in the zinc glazes. Some gahnite was detected in specimens which were fired at $1230^{\circ}C$, $1250^{\circ}C$ and $1270^{\circ}C$, however gahnite was not identified at $1300^{\circ}C$. Optimum zinc crystalline glaze was gained by following firing condition: temperature increasing speed $5^{\circ}C$/min, holding 1 h at $1270^{\circ}C$, annealing speed $3^{\circ}C$/min till $1170^{\circ}C$, holding 2 h at $1170^{\circ}C$ then naturally annealed.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2020

This paper looks into how the shape of headed bars may influence the durability of reinforced concrete structures. Nowadays the only heads used in site works are cylindrical in shape. An alternative shape of head is studied in this piece of work. The new head reduces the concentration of stresses and so the appearance of cracks. In this work durability is studied based on both, first cracking and failure mode. An experimental campaign of 12 specimens and finite element modelling are described. The specimens were subjected to an accelerated corrosion process using an electrical current supply. Direct current was impressed on the specimens until breaking. Test results and the results obtained from numerical models are presented. Results are presented in term of comparison between the two shapes of heads studied. It was shown that the shape of the head has a significant influence on durability of reinforced concrete structures with headed reinforcing bars.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

This study was conducted in order to promote the utilization of Hovenia dulcis Thunb as food. The physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics of the extracts from the leaf, fruit, stalk and stem were examined. The extract of stem was the brightest in L value (p<0.05), but the lowest in b value (p<0.01). By the sensory evaluation, the external appearance was the best in the extract of stem. The extract of leaf was the darkest in color and that of stem the lightest. The bitter and astringent taste was stronger from the leaf compared with other parts. The extract of fruits stalk of Korean Hovenia dulcis was preferred in most of attributes. The total sugar content was the highest from the fruits stalk. Among free amino acids, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine were rich in order. Potassium contents were the highest among minerals from the fruits stalk, leaf and stem. Ca and Mg followed the next. The results were the same both in Korean and in Chinese tree. Among organic acids, malic acid was the most in the fruits stalk, leaf and stem. It was followed by citric acid. In the test of free sugar, glucose was the most and followed by sucrose and fructose in the fruits stalk. Fructose was contained the most in leaf and stem.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

A laser speckle is a random pattern that has a granular appearance produced by reflected light when a coherent laser illuminates an irregular course surface. Laser speckle system has many advantages. It can detect some animals functional parts. Moreover, it relatively consists of simple and in-expensive system. It is very important that detecting micro-vessels through image processed image. Current study is to improve image quality through variable image processing method. But this paper made laser speckle endoscope for miniaturization and commercialization laser speckle system. We had endoscope test through goldfish's tail. We will compare the processed speckle image and halogen image.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.472-483
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of knit samples' mechanical properties on changes of skirt length of knit flared skirt, and to compare it to the knitting method of a seamless knitted flare skirt. So, I compared the appearance and 3-dimensional shape of a seamless knitted flare skirt with those of a fully cut knit flared skirt. For this study, 18 kinds of cut and sew or seamless knitted test garment were made. The data analysis methods used in this study were descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results are as follows: The result of the evaluation of knit samples' mechanical properties by the KES-FB system showed that elongation decreased as gauge increased and course direction was greatest among grain directions. The length change after wearing the knitted flare skirts appeared wholly equal to the seamless knitted, compared with the cut and sew. The change was biggest at $180^{\circ}$, 7G of the cut and sew. In grain direction, bias cut showed more than 1.2cm of length change. As the weight and thickness increased, the length changes become larger. The regression analysis indicated that the greatest contributive variables on the length changes were elongation, weight, and thickness.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.91-105
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to segment consumers by life style groups and to investigate the differences among the segmented groups in regard to Korean image preferences in casual wear. The subjects of the study were 653 women consumers who lived in Seoul. Data were collected from July to September, 2007. Statistical analyses used in the study were factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Scheffe test. The results showed that there were seven factors of life style: fashion and appearance interest, pride in Korea, sociability, interest in foreign culture, family centered, sports/culture, and interest in Korean food. Based on the seven factors, the consumers were segmented into three groups. They were fashion/diverse culture interest group, family/recreation oriented group, and sociability/family oriented group. The results showed that there were significant differences among the lifestyle segmented groups in regard to Korean image preferences for color, fabric, pattern, and categories of casual wear, and the intention to purchase the casual wear. For example, fashion/diverse culture interest group preferred diverse Korean prints, red, orange, blue and white colors, natural fabrics, and various types of casual wear. Also, the group has the highest interest and intention in wearing Korean image casual wear.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.737-752
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• 2018

The frequency of breast augmentation surgery continues to increase annually; however, the method of follow-up care varies from hospital to hospital. In particular, many different types of post-operative bras are available in the market. This study evaluated the wearing comfort of various commercial bras that were worn immediately after breast enlargement surgery prior to the manufacture of the bra. According to interviews of medical professionals and market research, five types of brassiere were selected and evaluated by wearing satisfaction, functional performance, and an external appearance test for 6 subjects with breast augmentation surgery. The evaluation questionnaires were based on a 5 point Likert scale with data analyzed using SPSS 20.0. The study results revealed that the bra with the highest degree of satisfaction was CNB (without bra cup) type. However, the use of CNB type showed dissatisfaction in functional evaluation questions regarding breast shaking and material & tactile sensation. In the future, it is necessary to develop a new post-operative brassiere based on a CNB type bra that showed the best evaluation. However, it is also necessary to identify the merits of the other four experimental bras and reflect these advantages.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.981-997
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• 2016

To avoid the cracks of cast-in-place concrete in shear pockets and seams in the traditional composite beam with precast decks, this paper proposed a new type of prefabricated steel truss-concrete composite beam (ab. PSTC beam) with pre-embedded shear studs (ab. PSS connector). To study the initial cracking load of concrete deck, the development and distribution laws of the cracks, 3 PSTC beams were tested under hogging moment. And the crack behavior of the deck was compared with traditional precast composite beam, which was assembled by shear pockets and cast-in-place joints. Results show that: (i) the initial crack appears on the deck, thus avoid the appearance of the cracks in the traditional shear pockets; (ii) the crack of the seam appears later than that of the deck, which verifies the reliability of epoxy cement mortar seam, thus solves the complex structure and easily crack behavior of the traditional cast-in-place joints; (iii) the development and the distribution laws of the cracks in PSTC beam are different from the conventional composite beam. Therefore, in the deduction of crack calculation theory, all the above factors should be considered.