• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2017

Background: Red-skin root disease has seriously decreased the quality and production of Panax ginseng (ginseng). Methods: To explore the disease's origin, comparative analysis was performed in different parts of the plant, particularly the epidermis, cortex, and/or fibrous roots of 5-yr-old healthy and diseased red-skin ginseng. The inorganic element composition, phenolic compound concentration, reactive oxidation system, antioxidant concentrations such as ascorbate and glutathione, activities of enzymes related to phenolic metabolism and oxidation, and antioxidative system particularly the ascorbate-glutathione cycle were examined using conventional methods. Results: Aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), magnesium, and phosphorus were increased, whereas manganese was unchanged and calcium was decreased in the epidermis and fibrous root of red-skin ginseng, which also contained higher levels of phenolic compounds, higher activities of the phenolic compound-synthesizing enzyme phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and the phenolic compound oxidation-related enzymes guaiacol peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase. As the substrate of guaiacol peroxidase, higher levels of $H_2O_2$ and correspondingly higher activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were found in red-skin ginseng. Increased levels of ascorbate and glutathione; increased activities of $\text\tiny L$-galactose 1-dehydrogenase, ascorbate peroxidase, ascorbic acid oxidase, and glutathione reductase; and lower activities of dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione peroxidase were found in red-skin ginseng. Glutathione-S-transferase activity remained constant. Conclusion: Hence, higher element accumulation, particularly Al and Fe, activated multiple enzymes related to accumulation of phenolic compounds and their oxidation. This might contribute to red-skin symptoms in ginseng. It is proposed that antioxidant and antioxidative enzymes, especially those involved in ascorbate-glutathione cycles, are activated to protect against phenolic compound oxidation.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.32-41
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• 2000

천연살균제나 식품보존제 개발을 위한 항균 및 항산화물질 검색을 목적으로, 느티나무 심재 에탄올 추출물을 용매 분획하여 얻은 석유에테르분획, 디에틸에테르분획, 에틸뭘아세테이트분획 충 항균활성이 가장 우수한 석유에테르분획으로부터 활성물질을 분리하였다. 이 물질의 화학구조는 EI-MS, $^1H$- 및 $^{13}C$- NMR 로 분석한 결과, 나프탈렌 구조를 기본 골격으로 하는 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene으로 동정되었다. 그리고, 이 물질의 항진균활성은 배지점적법을 이용하여 hinokitiol과 비교 검정한 결과, 활성이 hinokitiol보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 탁도측정법을 이용한 항세균 활성은 그람양성균의 경우 hinokiliol의 80%로 나타나, 세균보다 진균에 대한 항균활성이 우수한 것으로 판명되었다. 또한, 항산화활성을 과산화물가 및 프리라디칼 소거능을 측정하여 천연 항산화제인 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 및 합성항산화제 인 butylated hydroxytoluene(BHT)과 비교 검정한 결과, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol보다 우수하였으며, BHT와 동등한 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과, 느티나무 심재로부터 단리된 7-hydroxy-3-methoxycadalene은 항균 및 항산화 활성이 우수한 물질로 판명되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.95-105
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• 1992

This study was carried on the Seasoning Oil production by Autoclaving Method in order to research a developed method. The Raw, Extract states of seasoning vegetables-Garlic, Onion and Ginger were added 40, 60% (w/w) of total amounts to corn salad oil. All samples treated with various conditions were determined physicochemical characteristics by Acid value, Peroxide value, Iodine value, Refractive Index, and Volatile Carbonyl Compound Content during incubating $(40{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$ and heating $(185{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$. The results were obtained as follws; 1. During incubation at $40{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, the order of antioxidative effects among seasoning vegetables was Ginger>Garlic>BHA>Onion and Extract state were more effective man Raw state. also the antioxidative effects of the seasoning vegetables were increased proportionally with the concentration in the Seasoning Oils. 2. In the case of heat treatment $(185{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$, AV, POV, IV and RI of each Seasoning Oil were changed very sharply. The antioxidative effect and Carbonyl Compound Content according to heat treatment differed from the type and concentration of seasoning vegetables in oil. Ginger had the most excellent antioxidative effect among seasoning vegetables, and m any case, the adding states of seasoning vegetables into oils were more effective in Extract man Raw states. 3. According to those results, each Seasoning Oil made from Garlic, Onion, Ginger was shown to have antioxidative properties specially in Ginger-Extract-Seasoning Oil. also the Autoclaving Method was thought to be rational method in preparation of Seasoning Oil.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.62-70
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was carried out to analyze the cytotoxicity of cadmium sulfate ($CdSO_4$) and the antioxidative effect of Typha orientalis L. (TO) extract on the oxidative stress induced by cytotoxicity of $CdSO_4$ in the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Methods: For this study, the cell viability and the antioxidative effects such as the inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation (LP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and xanthine oxidase (XO)-inhibitory activity were assessed. Results: The cadmium sulfate significantly decreased cell viability in dose-dependently, and $XTT_{50}$ value was measured at $47.4{\mu}M$ of $CdSO_4$. The cytotoxicity of $CdSO_4$ was determined as highly toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as antioxidant significantly increased cell viability injured by $CdSO_4$-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. In the protective effect of TO extract on $CdSO_4$-induced cytotoxicity, TO extract remarkably increased the inhibitory ability of LP and XO as well as SOD-like ability. Conclusions: From the above results, it is suggested that the oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of $CdSO_4$, and TO extract effectively protected $CdSO_4$-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidative effects. The natural component like TO extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for treatment of the toxicity induced by heavy metallic compound like $CdSO_4$ correlated with the oxidative stress.

• 생약학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.130-138
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• 1995

Phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Solanum lyratum (Solanaceae) was carried out. On the basis of phytochemical and spectroscopic evidences, compound I was identified as mixtures of hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, 2,6,10,15-tetramethyl heptadecane, tricosane, tetracosane, pentacosane, docosanoic acid methyl ester, docosane, tricosanoic acid methyl ester, 8-hexyl pentadecane, tetracosanoic acid methyl ester, pentatriacontane, hexatriacontane, eicosane, hexacosane, hentriacontane and stigmasta-5,23-dien $3-{\beta}-ol$, and compound II, III, IV and V were identified as hexacosanoic acid methyl ester, ${\beta}-sitosterol-{\beta}-{_D}-glucoside$, $3-O-{\alpha}-{_L}-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-{\beta}-{_D}-glucuronopyranosyl$ diosgenin and $3-O-{\alpha}-{_L}-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->6)-{\beta}-{_D}-glucopyranosyl$ quercetin (rutin), respectively. Rutin was identified as one of the active principles having antioxidative effect from S. lyratum.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2001

천연물 유래의 보다 안전하고 활성이 우수한 항균 및 항산화물질을 탐색할 목적으로 산벚나무 심재로부터 분리한 pinostrobin, eriodictyol, naringenin. pinocembrin, taxifolin, verecundin의 항균 및 항산화활성을 검정 하였다. 배지점적법을 이용하여 항진균활성을 조사한 결과, pinocembrin(5,7-dihydroxyflavanone)이 공시균주 모두에 대해 80% 이상의 균사생장억제율을 나타내어 가장 활성이 우수한 것으로 나타났으며 그 다음이 naringenin(4',5,7-trihydroxyflavanone), 그리고 verecundin(7-hydroxyflavanone 5-O-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside)은 활성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, pinocembrin의 경우 현재 천연물로부터 분리되어 실용화되고 있는 항균물질인 히노키치올에 비견될 수 있는 항진균활성을 나타내었다. 한천배지확산법을 이용한 항세균활성 조사에서는 단리물질 모두 생육저지환을 형성하지 않아 활성이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 항산화활성 검정을 위해 프리라디칼소거능 및 과산화물가를 조사한 결과, taxifolin(3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavanone)과 eriodictyol(3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavanone)이 천연항산화제인 ${\alpha}$-tocopherol의 2배의 프리라디칼소거능을 나타내었으며, 항산화지수도 천연항산화제보다 높은 것으로 나타나 항산화활성이 우수한 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과 산벚나무 심재 에탄올 추출물의 높은 항균활성은 pinocembrin에, 항산화활성은 taxifolin과 eriodictyol에 기인하는 것으로 사료되었다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.196-201
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• 1999

Four antioxidative flavonoids were isolated from the aerial parts of Hypericum erectum. Their structures were identified as quercitrin (I), isoquercitrin (Ⅱ), hyperoside (Ⅲ) and orientin (IV) on the basis of spectroscopic means. Antioxidative activities for flavonoids $I{\sim}IV$ were determined by measuring lipid peroxide using 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method and by evaluation the radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Compound IV, orientin, was found to have strong antioxidative potency.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.208-212
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• 2017

In this study, analysis of active compounds that are believed to be highly relevant to antioxidant activity was carried out on the methanol extract and its solvent fractions of Corni fructus. The DPPH radical scavenging activity for the comparison of antioxidant activity was higher in order of aqueous fraction > methanol extract > ethyl acetate fraction > n-hexane fraction. It is similar to the order of total polyphenol contents in the samples. As a result of LC-MS analysis, phenolic acid compounds such as caffeic acid, gallic acid and chlorogenic acid and lognin, which is known as a representative active ingredient of Corni fructus, were identified as active compounds. And the antioxidative activity and the total polyphenol content of the extracts and solvent fractions were found to be related to the contents of the compounds. Particularly, it was confirmed that phenolic acid such as caffeic acid contributes to the antioxidative activity of the aqueous fraction of Corni fructus methanol extract.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant and synergistic effects upon different concentrations(0.02, 0.1, l%) of histidine and alanine in soybean oil during incubation at 6$0^{\circ}C$. Acid value(AV), peroxide value (POV) and thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value of each oil was monitored. Histidine and alanine showed antioxidative effects in all concentrations. In the case of the incubating antioxidative effect of histidine was lower than that of TBHQ. That of alanine was considerably higher than that of $\alpha$-tocopherol, but was lower than that of histidine. Synergistic effects among histidine, alanine and some food antioxidants were shown to exist available in all substrates and the best effect was shown in substrate added compound of histidine and $\alpha$-tocopherol.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.378.2-378.2
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• 2002

Phellinus linteus has been used as anti-tumor and immuno stimulating agents in folk remedies. From precipitate of MeOH ex. by activited guided fractionation. 5.8-epidioxy ergosta-6.22-dien-3ol. palmitic acid. linoleic acid, and methyl linolate. 3.4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methylester and 4-(3'4'-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-butene-2one were isolated. DPPH method was used to examine of antioxidative activity of the isolated compounds. As the result, 3.4-dihydroxybenzoic acid methylester, and phenolic compound. 4-(3'4'-Dihydroxyphenyl) -3-butene-2one were found to be a scavenger of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl radical. (omitted)