• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.338-347
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• 2023

Objectives: Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoleaceae) is cultivated to produce "yerba mate". Due to its nutritional, energizing, hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects, it is used in the elaboration of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. The oxidative stress related to protein glycation and production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leads to the development of several diseases. The objective of this work was to compare the antioxidant and anti-AGEs activity of a decoction of fruits (F) and leaves (L). Methods: The antioxidant activity was assayed by the DPPH assay and the inhibition of egg yolk lipid peroxidation (ILP), and anti-AGEs activity, through the inhibition of the formation of fructosamine (IF), β-amyloid (Iβ), protein carbonylation (IC) and AGEs (IA). Polyphenols were quantified by HPLC. Results: Maximum response ± SEM: For F 0.01 ㎍/mL: IF = 42 ± 4%, IC = 17 ± 2% and for 10 ㎍/mL: IA = 38 ± 4%, Iβ = 67 ± 7%. For L 0.1 ㎍/mL: IF = 35 ± 2%, IC = 19 ± 2% and for 100 ㎍/mL: IA = 26 ± 3%, Iβ = 63.04 ± 2%. The DPPH IC₅₀ = 134.8 ± 14 ㎍/mL for F and 34.67 ± 3 ㎍/mL for L. The ILP IC₅₀ = 512.86 ± 50 ㎍/mL for F and 154.8 ± 15 ㎍/mL for L. By HPLC L presented the highest amounts of flavonoids and caffeoylquinic acids. F and L showed strong anti-AGEs activity, affecting the early stages of glycation at low concentrations and the late stages of glycation at high concentrations. The highest activity for both F and L was seen in the IF and Iβ. F presented the highest anti-AGEs potency. L presented the highest antioxidant potency, which was related to the highest content of polyphenols. Conclusion: The fruits of I. paraguariensis could be a source of antioxidant and anti-AGEs compounds to be used with medicinal purposes or as functional food.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.435-441
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• 2017

The present study was carried out to evaluate the applicability of Tenebrio molitor larvae (mealworm) as a health functional food material in order to contribute to the development of the domestic insect industry and health functional food industry. Protein hydrolysates were prepared from mealworm powder by enzymatic hydrolysis using five different proteases (alcalase, bromelain, flavourzyme, neutrase, and papain), and the hydrolysates were then tested for their antioxidant activities. Based on available amino group contents and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses, mealworms treated with alcalase ($4,781.39{\mu}g/mL$), flavourzyme ($5,429.35{\mu}g/mL$), or neutrase ($3,155.55{\mu}g/mL$) for 24 h showed high degree of hydrolysis (HD) value, whereas HD values of bromelain ($1,800{\mu}g/mL$) and papain-treated ($1,782.61{\mu}g/mL$) mealworms were much lower. Protein hydrolysates showing high HD values were further separated into > 3 kDa and ${\leq}3kDa$ fractions by a centrifugal filter system and then lyophilized, and the production yields of the low molecular weight protein hydrolysates (${\leq}3kDa$) by alcalase, flavourzyme, and neutrase were 42.05%, 26.27%, and 30.01%, respectively. According to the RC_{50} values of the protein hydrolysates (${\leq}3kDa$) obtained from three different antioxidant analyses, all three hydrolysates showed similar antioxidant activities. Thus, alcalase hydrolysates showing the highest production yield of low molecular weight protein hydrolysates were further tested for their inhibitory effects on peroxidation of linoleic acid by measuring thiobarbituric acid values, and the results show that peroxidation of untreated linoleic acid increased dramatically during 6 days of incubation. However, pretreatment with the hydrolysates ($100{\sim}800{\mu}g/mL$) significantly inhibited linoleic acid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner over 6 days.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.871-876
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• 2011

In the present study, we investigated the compositions, antioxidant activities and anti-tumor effects of Artemisia princeps Pampanini (APD) as well as blanched leaves (CNBD) and dried leaves (CND) from Cirsium setidens Nakai on HepG2 cells. Water and ash contents were increased in CND. Protein and lipid contents were increased in CNBD. K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Cu contents of CND were higher than those of CNDB and APD. P contents was significantly decreased in CND. Yields of CND was reached high levels, but TPC, TFC, acacetin, apigenin, cynarin contents, and antioxidant activity were higher in APD. Viability of HepG2 liver cells was significantly decreased in APD. Therefore, extracts of APD are more effective preventing the liver cancer than extracts of CND and CNBD.

• Journal of Marine Bioscience and Biotechnology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2010

Seaweed has been consumed especially in the Asia since centuries ago as a vegetable (Matsukawa, 1997; Burtin, 2000; Raghavendran 2003). Seaweed has many valuable nutrients i.e. as a mineral resources, vitamin, and non-caloric fiber, also has potential antioxidant resources. Such of nutrition consists in the Seaweed is Chlorophyll, Carotene, Fucoxantine, Luteen and Zeaxantine, Polysaccharide and Diet Fiber, Mineral, Protein and Amino Acid, Fat and Fatty Acid, Vitamin, Polifenol, also Methanol. The benefits of some nutrition content on seaweed are as an antioxidant, slimmer agent, anti-diabetes, healthy for heart, eyes health, Iodium source, and some kind of vitamins functions. As a conclusion, developing research about seaweed we believe it would be a part of medicine material and food processing, also cosmetic industrial.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2000

Phosvitin, an iron chelating protein in egg yolk, was measured for its ability to inhibit lipid oxidation in egg oil model system. Phosvitin(75$\mu$M) could inhibit both iron(50∼150$\mu$M) and copper(5∼15$\mu$M) catalyzed oxidation of egg oil, and much more effective in the presence of iron than copper. The antioxidant activity of phosvitin in egg oil decreased with increasing temperature up to 121$\^{C}$. But phosvitin was relatively heat stable maintaining 79 and 73% of its antioxidant activity after being heated for 6 min at 100$\^{C}$ and 2 min at 121$\^{C}$, respectively.

• BMB Reports
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.657-663
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• 2008

The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective role of taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) against cadmium (Cd) induced oxidative stress in murine erythrocytes. Cadmium chloride ($CdCl_2$) was chosen as the source of Cd. Experimental animals were treated with either $CdCl_2$ alone or taurine, followed by Cd exposure. Cd intoxication reduced hemoglobin content and the intracellular Ferric Reducing/Antioxidant Power of erythrocytes, along with the activities of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione content, and total thiols. Conversely, intracellular Cd content, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and glutathione disulphides were significantly enhanced in these cells. Treatment with taurine before Cd intoxication prevented the toxin-induced oxidative impairments in the erythrocytes of the experimental animals. Overall, the results suggest that Cd could cause oxidative damage in murine erythrocytes and that taurine may play a protective role in reducing the toxic effects of this particular metal.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 2010

The methanolic extract of natural roots of Mucuna pruriens was screened for hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects in carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$) induced hepatotoxicity in Albino rats. The degree of protection was measured by estimating biochemical parameters like serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase, total protein and level of serum bilirubin (both total and direct). The extract also reduced $CCl_4$ induced lipid peroxidation both in-vitro and in-vivo. Hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract at dose 300 mg/kg body weight, i.p., was comparable with standard drug Silymarin (25 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, histopathological experiments were also carried out to support the study.

• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.230-235
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• 2006

Fruiting bodies of Phellinus linteus were extracted by hot water and alkali methods. Sugar contents of PL-H (hot water extract) and PL-A (alkali water extract) were 81.1%, 37.4% and protein contents were 6.2%, 21.8%, respectively. Amino acid pattern showed that two extracts contained large amount of aspartic acid and alanine. Two extracts showed characteristic IR absorption pattern for glycosidic bond at $890\;cm^{-1}$. PL-H was divided two fractions by gel filtration chromatography and the molecular weights of each fraction were estimated to be about 10 kD and 225 kD, respectively and also PL-A was estimated 10 kD. Two extracts showed strong antitumor, immunomodulating and antioxidant activities, and were compared with commercialized glycopeptide anticancer drugs.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.04a
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• pp.74-74
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• 2018

Abeliophyllum distichum is Korea Endemic Plants and its genetic resources found from Korea only. Bioactivities of A. distichum such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory studies have been proved through many researches. Whereas, there are no studies on the biological activity of its callus extracts. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant activities of callus extracts derived from A. distichum and its inhibitory effect on oxidative DNA damage. The antioxidant activities were assessed using radical scavenging assays with DPPH, ABTS, and reducing power assay and the inhibitory effects on oxidative DNA damage were measured using ${\varphi}-174$ RF I plasmid DNA cleavage assay. In addition, callus extracts derived from A. distichum showed high antioxidant acitivties and no cytotoxicity in NIH/3T3. Also, it has significantly suppressed expression of ${\gamma}$-H2AX and p53 protein and mRNA levels in NIH/3T3 cells exposed to oxidative stress. Therefore, the callus extracts derived from A. distichum has potential antioxidant activity that can provide protective effects against the oxidative DNA damage caused by free radicals. This study suggest that it is valuable as cosmetics and medicine for antioxidant and cancer preventive materials.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.211-214
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• 2004

The inhibitory effect of dl-puerol A as but-2-enolide isolated from Sophora japonica was investigated on copper ion-induced protein oxidative modification in vitro. It inhibited copper-induced protein oxidative modification. However, its inhibitory effect was a little weaker than that of $dl-{\alpha}-tocopherol$ as an antioxidant. The results demonstrated that dl-puerol A, one of but-2-enolides, might be of use in the oxidative stress.