• 농업과학연구
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.341-350
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• 2024

According to various negative effects of antibiotic growth promoters, the effects of nature-derived alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters are mainly investigated in livestock industry these days. The effects of nature-derived alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters are mainly investigated in livestock industry these days. This study was conducted to estimate the efficiency of natural-derived alternatives to antimicrobial and antioxidant such as oregano oil (OGO), sulfide type antimicrobial peptides derived from Bacillus or Yeast (SAPBY), antimicrobial peptides derived from yeast (APY). The lactic acid bacteria growth effects were found to be minimal. The antibacterial activity of SAPBY was minimal, but OGO and APY showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium, and APY also showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus. Antioxidant effects were observed in all SAPBY, OGO, and APY, and when comparing the radical scavenging rate at 10 mg·mL^-1 for each sample, OGO showed the highest at 84.9%, followed by SAPBY at 48.7%. Therefore, the substances that can be used as natural antibiotics are SAPBY, APY, and OGO. It is believed that adding these substances to feed and feeding them to livestock will greatly contribute to improving the health of livestock and the productivity of safe livestock products. In further, research focused on various nature-derived alternatives to antibiotic growth promoter in livestock industry is needed.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.113-122
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• 2017

본 연구는 항생제 대체제(유산균, 약용식물 추출물, 허브 추출물)가 Salmonella gallinarum(SG)에 대하여 육계의 생산성, 장내 미생물 균총 및 혈액 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 수행하였다. 5주령 육계(Ross) 100수를 공시하였으며, 평균 체중($2,512{\pm}4.3g$)에 해당하는 개체를 처리당 20수씩 선발하고, 10수씩 나누어 배치하였다. 시험처리는 항생제 무첨가구(NC)와 항생제 첨가구(PC)를 대조구로 하였으며, 유산균 0.1% 첨가구(LB), 약용식물 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(MPE) 및 허브 추출물 100 ppm 첨가구(HE)를 처리구로 두었다. 배치 후 1주 동안 시험사료를 급여하고, 이후 SG를 음수 내 $1.0{\times}10^6cfu/L$로 첨가하여 경구투여하고 2주간 사육하였다. 시험사료는 옥수수, 대두박을 기초로 대사에너지 3,100 kcal/kg, 조단백질 함량 20%가 되도록 배합하였다. SG 공격접종 시종료 체중 및 증체량이 유의적으로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 반면에, 유산균, 약용식물 추출물 및 허브 추출물 첨가 급여 시육계의 생산성은 무항생제 처리구에 비해 향상되었으며, SG 공격접종에 따른 생산성 저하가 감소되었다(P<0.05). SG를 공격접종한 경우, coliform bacteria와 Salmonella 수가 증가하였으나(P<0.05), 유산균 수에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 유산균 첨가 급여 시 장내 유산균 수는 무항생제 및 항생제 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). SG 공격접종 시간, 비장 및 F낭의 상대적 중량이 유의하게 증가하였고(P<0.05), 공격접종 후 4일차에 WBC가 급격히 감소하였으며, 시간이 경과함에 따라 정상 수준으로 돌아왔다. Coliform bacteria와 Salmonella 수, 조직 중량, WBC의 수에 대한 유산균, 약용식물 추출물 및 허브 추출물의 첨가에 따른 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결과적으로, 유산균이나 식물 추출물은 항생제 대체제로서 이용이 가능하며, 이들의 복합사용에 대하여 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.166-171
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• 2022

Commercial products with antibiotics like streptomycin as active ingredients have been used to control soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium species for a long time. In this study, antibiotic resistance of twenty-seven Korean strains of Pectobacterium species including P. carotovorum, P. odoriferum, P. brasiliense, and P. parmenteri, which were previously shown to be susceptible to the bacteriophage phiPccP-1 was surveyed using a disk diffusion assay. While all strains were highly susceptible to ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and rifampicin, some strains showed weak susceptibility to 300 ㎍/ml of streptomycin. Furthermore, some of them are partially or completely resistant to commercial pesticides-Buramycinand streptomycin at the concentration of 250 ㎍/ml that is recommended by the manufacturer for streptomycin-based pesticides. These results indicate the presence of streptomycin-resistant Pectobacterium strains in South Korea, and the development of antibiotic alternatives to control soft rot is needed.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2014

A total of 150 growing ducks were assigned to five dietary treatments to study the effect of sea tangle and charcoal (STC) supplementation on growth performance and meat characteristics in a completely randomized design. There were six replicates and five ducklings in each replication. The five dietary treatments were control, antibiotic, and 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% STC supplemented diets. No significant differences were found on ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed among treatments in different weeks. The overall (0 to 3 weeks) ADFI decreased in antibiotic treatment (p<0.05) whereas the gain:feed increased significantly upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to control (p<0.05). No significant variation was found in meat chemical composition except crude fat content which was high in 1.0% STC dietary group (p<0.05). Meat cholesterol was reduced in 0.1% STC group (p<0.05) compared to other dose levels while serum cholesterol was unaffected. High density lipoprotein (HDL) content was high in 1.0% STC (p<0.05) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) was low in 0.1% and 1.0% STC dietary groups (p = 0.06). No significant effect was found on the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of fresh meat, whereas the TBARS value of meat preserved for 1 week was reduced significantly in STC dietary groups (p<0.05). The 0.1% STC dietary group showed an increased myristic acid (p = 0.07) content whereas, the content of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids increased in STC supplementation than antibiotic group (p<0.05). An increased concentration of omega-3 fatty acids and a reduced ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was found upon 1.0% STC supplementation compared to antibiotic dietary group (p<0.05). Therefore, 1.0% STC dietary supplementation can be used as alternatives to antibiotics in duck production.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.131-148
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• 2010

Piglet health at weaning is compromised due to several stress factors. Following the ban of antibiotic growth promoters new alternatives are required to control these problems. This paper reviews the evidence available for the use of spray dried animal plasma (SDAP) as an alternative to antibiotics in weaning pigs. Data from 75 trials in 43 publications involving over 12,000 piglets (mean values) have been used to calculate the performance responses of piglets according to several factors including SDAP origin, protein source from the control diet being replaced, dose of inclusion, age and weight of the piglets at weaning, sanitary conditions and simultaneous use or not of medication. Although the use of SDAP of all origins results in positive responses, it appears that plasma from porcine origin has the highest efficacy. This could be explained by the specificity of its IgG against porcine pathogens. During the first week post-weaning the response to plasma appears to increase with the inclusion dose, although over the two-week pre-starter period an optimal inclusion level of 4-8% is suggested. SDAP improves feed efficiency more markedly when the piglets are challenged with an experimental infection or when feed does not contain medication, which could be indicative of a lower expenditure of energy and nutrients to build an immune response against the challenge. There is evidence supporting that SDAP IgG and other bioactive substances therein prevent the binding of pathogens to the gut wall and reduce the incidence of diarrhoea in the post-weaning phase. Overall, plasma can be postulated as an excellent alternative to in-feed antimicrobials for piglets in the post-weaning phase.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.57-78
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• 2024

In a global context, bacterial diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria have inflicted sustained damage on both humans and animals. Although antibiotics initially appeared to offer an easy treatment for most bacterial infections, the recent rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria, stemming from antibiotic misuse, has prompted regulatory measures to control antibiotic usage. Consequently, various alternatives to antibiotics are being explored, with a particular focus on bacteriophage (phage) therapy for treating bacterial diseases in animals. Animals are broadly categorized into livestock, closely associated with human dietary habits, and companion animals, which have attracted increasing attention. This study highlights phage therapy cases targeting prominent bacterial strains in various animals. In recent years, research on bacteriophages has gained considerable attention, suggesting a promising avenue for developing alternative substances to antibiotics, particularly crucial for addressing challenging bacterial diseases in the future.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.93-101
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• 1985

Much of the progress in genetic engineering has been accomplished by employing Escherichia coli as the host organism. For many reasons, however, some other organisms have greater potential as alternatives to E. coli. In particular, streptomycetes are attractive organisms as hosts especially for the producation of various secondary metabolites such as antibiotics. In this article, therefore, we reviewed the techniques for development of vector system and expression of genes for antibiotic biosynthesis in streptomycete hosts.

• 대한암한의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2023

Objectives: With antibiotic resistance one of the biggest threats to global health, we report a case of surgical site infection (SSI) after breast cancer surgery that improved only with the treatment of Taglisodog-eum (托裏消毒飮), Korean herbal medicine, without the use of antibiotics. Methods: The patient diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ of left breast underwent nipple areola skin sparing mastectomy and reconstruction using deep inferior epigastric perforator flap. About a month later, superficial SSI occurred at the incision site of breast cancer surgery with general weakness, and Taglisodog-eum treatment was started. To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment, we compared the infection site conditions before and after treatment. Results: About three weeks after taking Taglisodog-eum, the SSI improved along with the improvement of general weakness. Conclusions: This study shows that Taglisodog-eum may be effective for SSI after breast cancer surgery, and the potential for alternatives to reduce antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.886-893
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• 2012

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a cephalosporin and beta-lactam antibiotic-resistant strain. In most cases, MRSA is spread from infected patients and infection rates are growing increasingly. Furthermore, increased resistance to antibiotics is causing serious problems in the world. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for both nosocomial and community-based infections that range from relatively minor skin and soft tissue infections to life-threatening systemic infections. Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated antimicrobial activity of oriental medicine prescription against MRSA. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Sohamhyung-tang water extract against S. aureus strains ranged from 500 to 2,000 ${\mu}g/mL$, so we have it confirmed that a strong antibacterial effect. Also, the combinations of Sohamhyung-tang water extract and conventional antibiotics exhibited improved inhibition of MRSA with synergy effect. We suggest that Sohamhyung-tang water extract against MRSA have antibacterial activity, it has potential as alternatives to antibiotic agent. We suggest that the Sohamhyung-tang water extract lead the treatment of bacterial infection to solve the resistance and remaining side-effect problems that are the major weak points of traditional antibiotics.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1699-1713
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• 2020

Bovine mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most common disease of dairy cattle causing economic losses due to reduced yield and poor quality of milk. The etiological agents include a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, and can be either contagious (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma spp.) or environmental (e.g., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus uberis). Improving sanitation such as enhanced milking hygiene, implementation of post-milking teat disinfection, maintenance of milking machines are general measures to prevent new cases of mastitis, but treatment of active mastitis infection is dependant mainly on antibiotics. However, the extensive use of antibiotics increased concerns about emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens and that led the dairy industries to reduce the use of antibiotics. Therefore, alternative therapies for prevention and treatment of bovine mastitis, particularly natural products from plants and animals, have been sought. This review provides an overview of bovine mastitis in the aspects of risk factors, control and treatments, and emerging therapeutic alternatives in the control of bovine mastitis.