• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2021

Objectives: Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat several bacterial infections. Specifically, it is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and sepsis. It is given by injection into either a vein or muscle. Antibacterial polymers prepared by chemical bonding and simple blending of antibacterials into polymers has attracted much interest because of their long-lasting antibacterial activity. This study attempted to review the possibility of hydrogel films as functional antibacterial materials by antimicrobial activity. Methods: In this study, CTX-PAA was synthesized by the chemical reaction of polyacrylic acid with cefotaxime by N,N'-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) method. Synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films were then prepared with PVA and CTX-PAA for functional application. Results: The increase in the cefotaxime content of the hydrogel films showed a similar decrease in tensile strength and elongation. The values of films impregnated with chemically bonded cefotaxime showed no significant difference. Antibacterial susceptibility was determined against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli using a standardized disc test. Conclusion: The synthetic antibacterial hydrogel films exhibited broad susceptibility against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Notably, the antibacterial effect of antibacterial hydrogel films against Grampositive (Streptococcus pneumoniae) was superior to that against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.597-602
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• 2017

A method is proposed to secure the reliability of the antibacterial test method for textile materials used in the military. Antibacterial activity refers to the inhibition of bacterial growth and removal of harmful bacteria. Through KS K 0693 'Antibacterial Test Method for Textile Material', it is considered that there is a high possibility of error due to the human eye measurement. Therefore, the measurement reliability is improved by applying the image processing. As a result of the measurement, the proposed method showed a difference of about 0.9% compared with the results by conventional test method. The proposed method has the merits that the reliability can be secured by eliminating the error of the measurer, and the measurement time can be reduced.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.106-111
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• 2001

Recently there were many studies not only to enhance drug delevery effect but to reduce side effect. Drug delivery system efficiency with decreasing side effect of drug dosage. It made possibility to use for a long term. Polymer drug was prepared by acid halide method with polymer in such of polyacylic acid and sulfacetamide. Its chemical properties were identified by means of IR, TGA. The antibacterial activities of polymer drug were studied by MICs and disk susceptivility test. The antibacterial activities by clean zone were increased in order of Staphyloccus aures

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.246-253
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• 2016

The antibacterial activities of thirty mushroom species belonging to Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, cultivated on two liquid media, were evaluated against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria by the disk diffusion method. All of the mushrooms, except Auriporia aurea, Fomes fomentarius, and Lyophyllum shimeji, showed different antibacterial activity levels—from 9.5 mm in diameter of the inhibition zone to full inhibition of growth of the test bacteria. The antibacterial activities of Crinipellis schevczenkovi, Hohenbuehelia myxotricha, Oxyporus obducens, and Spongipellis litschaueri were observed for the first time. The antibacterial potential of culture liquids of the investigated species was higher than that of their mycelia activity. Dependence of the intensity of antibacterial activity on the culture medium was shown. The antibacterial efficiency of the most active species (Lentinus edodes, Piptoporus betulinus, and Phellinus igniarius) was verified and compared with those of some commercial antibiotics and natural essential oils of Salvia and Eucalyptus. The culture liquid of Piptoporus betulinus, obtained after cultivation on glucose-peptone-yeast culture medium, is a potential substance for further creation of antibacterial products.

• Carbon letters
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2003

Antibacterial behaviors of PAN-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) containing silver metal were investigated. The effects of surface and pore structures of the ACFs were studied by $N_2$/77 K adsorption and D-R plot as a function of silver loading content. The antibacterial activities were investigated by a dilution test against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus; gram positive) and Klebsiella pnemoniae (K. pnumoniae; gram negative). As experimental results, the ACFs showed some decreases in specific surface areas, micropore volumes, and total pore volume with an increase of silver content. However, the antibacterial activities of the ACFs were strongly increased against S. aureus as well as K. pnumoniae, which could be attributed to the presence of antibacterial metal in the ACFs system.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1999

The objective of this study was to extract and purity the antibacterial agent from the fermented milk with Lactobacillus helveticus CH-1. The extraction and purification of antibacterial agent from the Lb. helveticus fermented milk were carried out by methanol extraction, acetone extraction, Sephadex G-200 gel filteration and thin layer chromatography and the results were as followings. The antibacterial activity of methanol-acetone extraction showed antibacterial activity against test organisms, B. subtilis, E. coli, Pseu. fluorescens, Sal. typhimurium, Shi. flexneri, and Sta. aureus. Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography showed only antibacterial activity from 33 to 37th fractions of 60 fractions. The agent purified from TLC plate confirmed the antibacterial activity by the means of bioautography.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1992

Antibacterial activity of the water-soluble portion of Ulmus pzcmila L. extract against 10 bacterial species was studied by both cylinder plate dilution method and broth dilution test tube method. Inhibitory effect of the extract on the bacteria was also investigated by plotting bacterial survival at various concentration of the extract. The crude extract exhibited antibacterial activity against all of the tested bacterial species with exception of K pneurnoniae. The fractions of the extract prepared by CM Sephadex-C 50 ion exchange chromatography were also subjected to test the antibacterial activity, and the activity was studied after autoclaving for 20 minutes.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.395-399
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• 2008

Methanol and aqueous extract of leaves of Trema orientalis Linn. were subjected to the potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The pharmacological interest of this plant coupled with traditional use (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted to test for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract was determined on the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical. $IC_{50}$ of the methanol extract of T. orientalis was $110.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ which indicated the strong antioxidant activity of the plant. However the aqueous extract showed mild antioxidant activity. In case of antibacterial activities test, the extract was subjected for its effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude methanol and aqueous extract against few sensitive strains were measured and compared with those of standard antibiotic Gentamycin. It is evident that both extracts are active against the bacteria at low concentrations. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial activity of Huanggeumjakyak- tang water extract against MRSA. Methods The antibacterial activities of Huanggeumjakyak-tang were evaluated against 3 strains of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 1 standard Methicillinsusceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain by using the disc diffusion method, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay, colorimetric assay using MTT test, checkerboard dilution test and time-kill assay was performed under dark. Results The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract against S. aureus strains ranged from 1,000 to $2,000{\mu}g/ml$. So we confirmed that it has a strong antibacterial effect. Also the combinations of Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract and conventional antibiotics exhibited improved inhibition of MRSA with synergy effect. Conclusions The results obtained in this study suggest that Huanggeumjakyak-tang water extract showed antibacterial effect against MRSA, and it also showed reducing effect on the side-effect problems that are the major weak points of traditional antibiotics.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.135-139
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• 2016

Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl has been traditionally used in China and Vietnam for treatment of bacteria, atopy, pimple, tonsillitis, angina and encephalitis for a long time. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl extract on biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibacterial activity was conducted using disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using the broth micro dilution method in accordance to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines(CLSI). Furthermore, cytotoxicity on L929 were assessed using animal cell culture for the proliferation test(MTT cell assay) and the biofilm forming capacity of the K. pneumoniae were determined using the colony forming unit (CFU) assay. The extract exhibited considerable antibacterial activity. K. pneumoniae was susceptible to the extract with the MIC and MBC of 0.1875 and $1.5mg/m{\ell}$ respectively. Cytoxicity test in L929 showed no sign of toxicity at the concentration of $0.75mg/m{\ell}$ and at the same concentration the extract caused inhibition of bacterial biofilm formation. The extract of Scrophularia ningpoensis hemsl possesses an in vitro antibacterial antibiofilm activities against K. pneumoniae, with no sign of cytoxicity on L929.