• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2014

In this study, we investigated the effect of DMSO, a highly dipolar organic liquid, in collagen ($5{\mu}g/ml$)-stimulated platelet aggregation. DMSO inhibited platelet aggregation at 0.5% by inhibiting production of thromboxane $A_2$ ($TXA_2$) which was associated with blocking cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 activity and $TXA_2$ synthase. In addition, DMSO significantly increased the formation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) from guanosine triphosphate (GTP). On the other hand, DMSO (0.1~0.5% concentration) did not affect the LDH release which indicates the cytotoxicity. Based on these results, DMSO has anti-platelet effect by regulation of several platelet signaling pathways, therefore we suggest that DMSO could be a novel strategy on many thrombotic disorders.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
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• 고려인삼학회 1993년도 학술대회지
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• pp.28-29
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• 1993

From in vivo and in vitro experiments using Korean Red Ginseng and its main components. ginsenoside saponins, it was found that ginesenoside may exerts its anti-thrombotic action by decreasing $TXA_2$ formation in platelets and increasing $PGI_2$ formation in vascular walls. This may certainly contribute to prevention and development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis by administration of Korean Red Ginsengs.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.1509-1517
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• 2008

The flowers and buds of Lonicera Flower (LF), are used in Korean herbal medicine for latent-heat-clearing, antipyretic, detoxicant and anti-inflammatory ailments. This plant is used worldwide for the treatment of many types of inflammatory disease including respiratory infections, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and play an important role in immune reaction. These pharmaceutical effects of LF looks like to be related to its antioxidant capacity and phytochemicals containing in LF. In this study, the antioxidant activity of extract from LF was studied in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$ induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen induced platelet aggregation. The LF extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. In conclusion, the LF extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2009

There is currently increased interest in the identification of antioxidant compounds that are pharmacologically potent and have low or no side effects. Plants produce significant amounts of antioxidants to prevent the oxidative stress caused by photons and oxygen, therefore they represent a potential source of new compounds with antioxidant activity. Moutan Root Sark (MRS) has been frequently used as analgesic. antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory and remedies for female diseases. In this study. the antioxidant activity of extract from MRS was studied in vitro methods by measuring the antioxidant activity by TEAC, measuring the scavenging effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) [superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical] and on reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [nitric oxide and peroxynitrite] as well as measuring the inhibitory effect on $Cu^{2+}$ induced human LDL oxidation and the inhibitory effect on collagen induced platelet aggregation. The MRS extracts were found to have a potent scavenging activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on LDL oxidation and on platelet aggregation. In conclusion, the MRS extracts have anti-oxidative and anti-atherosclerotic effects in vitro system, which can be used for developing pharmaceutical drug against oxidative stress and atherosclerosis.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

Objectives : The root of Codonopsis pilosula (Fr.) Nannf. (Codonopsis Pilosulae Radix) has been traditionally used as a oriental medicine with an anti-thrombotic, antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-gastric ulcer effects and immunological adjuvant. In this study, we investigated the effect of 70% ethanol extract of Codonopsis Pilosulae Radix (CPR-E) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic responses in mice. Methods : Mice were sensitized (1, 8, and 15 days) with OVA and airway challenged(22, 24, 26, 28, and 30 days) to induced allergic responses. CPR-E extract at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg/body weight was orally administered from days 21 to 30 consecutively. The levels of allergic mediators such as histamine, OVA-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E, and Th1/Th2 cytokines such as IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-4 were measured in the sera of mice by ELISA. The histological change of lung tissue was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Results : CPR-E extract significantly decreased the serum levels of histamine, OVA-specific IgE, and IL-4 compared with those of OVA control group, but significantly increased the serum level of IFN-${\gamma}$. Based on H&E staining, CPR-E extract inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells into lung tissues with histological changes. Conclusions : These results indicate that CPR-E extract has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic responses through regulating the cytokine balance, suggesting that the extract may be useful for the treatment of allergic inflammatory diseases such as bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis.

• 생약학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2021

During blood vessel damage, an essential step in the hemostatic process is platelet activation. However, it is important to properly control platelet activation, as various cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction, are also caused by excessive platelet activation. Found primarily in the roots of plants of the genus Artemisia or Scopolia, isoscopoletin has been studied to demonstrate its potential pharmacological effects against Alzheimer's disease and anticancer, but the mechanisms and roles involved in thrombus formation and platelet aggregation are insufficient. This study investigated the effect of isoscopoletin on U46619-induced human platelet activation. As a result, isoscopoletin significantly increased the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) dose-dependently. In addition, isoscopoletin significantly phosphorylated inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphprotein (VASP), which are known substrates for cAMP-dependent kinases and cGMP-dependent kinases. Phosphorylated IP3R by isoscopoletin inhibited Ca2+ mobilization from the dense tubular system Ca2+ channels to cytosol, and phosphorylated VASP was involved in the inhibition of fibrinogen binding through αIIb/β3 inactivation in the platelet membrane. Isoscopoletin finally reduced thrombin-induced fibrin clotting production. Therefore, this study suggests that isoscopoletin has a potent antiplatelet effect and may be helpful for platelet-related thrombotic diseases.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2008

Algal fucoidan is a marine polysaccharide containing sulfur with a wide variety of biological activities including anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombotic effects. Although antioxidants can inhibit inflammatory signals through inhibiting activator protein-1 and/or nuclear factor-kappaB activation, it is obscure whether fucoidan directly scavenges oxy-radicals or indirectly regulates oxidant production and/or antioxidant defense system. The antioxidant activities of fucoidan against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites and hydroxyl radicals were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. The specific TOSC values of fucoidan against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites or hydroxyl radicals were $282{\pm}60$, $43{\pm}1$ or $40{\pm}1\;TOSC/mg/mL$, respectively. These specific TOSC values against peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrites or hydroxyl radicals are 23, 12, or 13% of the specific TOSC values of glutathione, a positive control, respectively. These results suggest that fucoidan has direct oxy-radical scavenging capacity, which may be related with anti-inflammatory effect of fucoidan.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2013

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the amino-acid compositions of pharmacopuncture extracts taken from the body and from the tail of Buthus martensii Karsch, which are frequently prescribed in Oriental medicine. Methods: Amino acids in hot water and 70% ethanol extracts taken from the scorpion's whole body and from its tail were screened by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The experiments were performed with linearity, precision and accuracy. Results: The results of the amino-acid-composition analysis showed that the Buthus martensii Karsch extracts contained various amino acids such as aspartic acid, histidine, alanine, tyrosine, and cystine. The amino-acid analysis showed that the hot water extract was more beneficial than the ethanol extract, except for histidine. The amino acids from the tail and the body of the scorpion were compared, and the concentration of aspartic acid in the extract from the scorpion's tail was two times that found in the extract from its body. The results of validation experiments were all satisfactory. Conclusion: Studies on the ingredients in extracts from a scorpion other than buthotoxin may demonstrate that the antiepileptic efficacy, anticancer activity, anti-thrombotic action and analgesic effect are enhanced. Using only the tail of the scorpion when pharmacopuncture is dispensed may be beneficial because the extracts from the tail of the scorpion have higher potency than those from the whole body.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2005

We studied the anticancer, antioxidative, ACE inhibitory, antithrombic, and cerebral ischemia inhibitory activities, of low molecular weight substances fractionated from the seasoned and smoked products of skipjack tuna (Euthynus pelamis). Low molecular weight substances fractionated from the liquid extract of seasoned and smoked skipjack tuna powder showed 7 peaks on gel permeation chromatography. Anticancer activity was the highest at Peak 3 $(54.23%)$ followed by Peak 4 $(41.58\%)$. The potency order of antioxidative activity was the highest at Peak 3 $(94.14\%)$ followed by Peak 2 $(82.07\%)$ and Peak 5 $(81.24\%)$. ACE inhibitory activity was the highest at Peak 3 $(67.27\%)$ followed by Peak 5 $(45.62\%)$. But there was weak anti thrombotic effect (PT and APTT) in the low molecular weight substances of the seasoned and smoked products of skipjack tuna. Cerebral ischemia inhibitory activity was the highest at Peak 3 $(80.0\%)$ followed by Peak 5 $(40.0\%)$.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study is to research an anti-thrombus effect by Diospyros Kaki Calyx. Methods : The healthy human plasma were gained and used in vitro study such as factor X activity (FXa) inhibition, prothrombinase inhibition, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time. Fifteen SD rats were divided into three groups ; intact control group (orally administrated with distilled water 5ml/kg) and two experimental group treated with extract of diospyros kaki calyx (EKC). Experimental rats were orally 600 mg/kg concentration of EKC and 200 mg/kg concentration of EKC. After an hour from administration, we anesthetized rats and made arteriovenous (AV) shunt rat models to study weight of thrombus, took whole blood to study content of thromboxane B2 and blood clotting time. Results : In vitro, EKC significantly increased inhibitory activity of FXa, prothrombinase compared with intact control group ($^*P$ <0.05). PT and aPTT were increased in EKC treated (600 mg/kg) group compared with intact control group ($^*P$ <0.05). In vivo, blood clotting time of experiment group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg were significantly increased compare with that of intact control group (p<0.05) and content of thromboxane B2 was significantly decreased in group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg in serum. The weight of thrombus were significantly reduced in group treated with EKC 600 mg/kg compared with intact control group (p<0.05). But in vivo experiment study, those parameters of group treated with EKC 200 mg/kg were relatively decreased compared with those of intact control group without statistical significance. Conclusions : EKC has an antithrombic activity because of inhibition internal course such as FXa and prothrombin. And EKC inhibited a hole blood clotting in vivo experiment by low content of thromboxane B2.