• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.33-46
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• 2021

Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of Sogyunghwalhyel-tang-gamibang (SGHHTGB) in cell and animal models and also to suggest one of putative mechanisms underlying its anti-arthritic effects. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in culture medium and blood serum and nitric oxide (NO) was assayed by Griess reagent. The expressions of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were analyzed by Western blot method. Results In a cell model using RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated with the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the drug, at its non-cytotoxic concentrations, inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. In addition, it suppressed the expression of the inflammatory enzyme iNOS and COX-2, and reduced the synthesis of the enzyme product NO (as stable nitrite) and PGE2 in activated macrophages. Meanwhile, in an animal model using rheumatic arthritis (RA) mice induced with injection of type II collagen antibody (CAb) and LPS, the drug improved clinical symptom of arthritis and reduced paw thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration. In blood of RA mice, the drug reduced serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, nitrite, and PGE2, all inflammatory mediators produced by activated macrophages. Conclusions SGHHTGB may ameliorate CAb and LPS-induced RA in mice, presumably by inactivating macrophages that are capable of initiating joint inflammation by producing pro-inflammatory cytokines and expressing inflammatory enzymes.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.703-712
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• 2023

기존 혈관에서 새로운 혈관을 형성하는 혈관 신생은 혈관 신생 조절인자에 의해 조절되는 다단계 과정이며 배아 발달, 만성 염증 및 상처 복구를 포함한 다양한 생리학적 과정에 필수적이다. 혈관 신생의 조절장애는 암, 자가 면역 질환, 류마티스 관절염, 심혈관 질환 및 상처 치유 지연과 같은 많은 질병을 유발한다. 그러나 효과적인 혈관신생 억제 약물은 제한되어 있으며, 최근 연구에서는 천연 자원에서 잠재적인 약물후보를 식별하는 데 중점을 두고 있다. 예를 들어, 해양 천연물은 항암, 항산화, 항염증, 항바이러스 및 상처 치유 효과를 입증했다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 톳(갈조류) 추출물의 혈관 신생 억제 효과를 확인했습니다. H. fusiformis 추출물은 인간 제대 정맥 내피 세포(HUVECs)에서 세포 이동, 침윤 및 관 형성을 억제하며, 동시에 Matrigel 겔 플러그 분석을 통해 생체 내 혈관 신생을 억제를 확인했다. 또한, 톳 추출물 처리 후 VEGF, Erk, Akt의 활성이 감소하는 것을 확인했다. 이 결과를 토대로 H. fusiformis 추출물이 in vitro 및 in vivo 혈관 신생을 억제함을 시사한다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2018

Inflammation is a biological response caused by overactivation of the immune system and is controlled by immune cells via a variety of cytokines. The overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines enhances abnormal host immunity, resulting in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. Inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-12p40, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ might be one way to treat these conditions. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.) Maxim., which is traditionally used as an antipyretic and analgesic in Korea. In primary cell culture assays, 12 compounds were found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-12p40, IL-6, and $TNF-{\alpha}$) in vitro in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated with LPS.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2004

인류의 수명이 연장되고 노령화 사회로 발전됨에 따라 다양한 성인병이 야기되고 있고, 이들 성인병의 원인이 활성산소에 의한 것으로 밝혀짐에 따라 다양한 성인병을 예방 치료할 수 있는 안전하고 우수한 항산화 및 항염증 물질을 천연물로부터 개발하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 자생식물의 하나인 야생복숭아 가지에 대하여 그들의 MeOH 엑스를 필두로 한 분획물 엑스를 대상으로 항산화 및 항염증 효과를 조사하였다. DPPH 법을 사용하여 야생복숭아 가지의 분획물 엑스에 대한 1차 라디칼 소거작용 검색 시험을 한 결과 야생복숭아 가지 의 n-BuOH 엑스와 EtOAc 엑스가 가장 강한 항산화 활성을 나타내었다. 1차 실험에서 얻어진 결과를 토대로 야생복숭아에 대하여 보다 상세한 항산화 효과를 검토하기 위하여 Ferric-Thiocyanate 법을 이용한 지질 과산화 억제작용 시험한 결과 야생복숭아 가지 의 EtOAc 엑스가 천연 항산화제인 tocopherol 및 합성 항산화제인 BHA 보다 우수한 탁월한 항산화 효과를 나타내었고, Rancimat법에 의한 지질 산패 억제 실험을 실시한 결과 또한 야생복숭아 가지의 EtOAc 엑스가 tocopherol보다 우수하고 BHA보다는 약간 우수한 강력한 지질 산패 억제 효과를 보였다. Hyaluronidase 저해에 의한 항염증 효과 시험에서는 항산화 실험에서 전반적으로 우수한 항산화 효과를 보인 야생복숭아 가지의 EtOAc 엑스가 ketoprofen보다는 약하나 ibuprofen과 indomethacin보다는 우수한 항염증 효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 실험 결과는 야생복숭아의 항산화 및 항염증 효과의 활성 주성분 분획은 EtOAc 엑스임을 시사하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2010

Objectives : Recently, Pharmacopuncture therapy has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Especially, we have been interested in chemical mediators concerned with inflammation such as prostaglandin, nitric oxide. The purpose of this study is investigated that the effect of Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution in RAW 264.7 macrophages, performed several experimental items : those are Prostaglandin $E_2$, Nitric Oxide and Cyclooxygenase-2. Methods : The cytotoxicity of Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution in RAW 264.7 macrophages were measured by MTT assay. In order to observe cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, RT-PCR was used. Prostaglandin $E_2$ production and Nitric Oxide production was measured by nitric oxide detection kit and Prostaglandin $E_2$ assay kit. Results : 1. The MTT assay demonstrated that cytotoxic effect of Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution in RAW 264.7 macrophages was not appeared. 2. Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution inhibited nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. 3. Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution inhibited cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. 4. Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution inhibited Prostaglandin $E_2$ production in lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusions : On the basis of these results, It was shown that Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution was able to inhibit the production of $PGE_2$ and NO, as well as COX-2 mRNA expression. Our results may provide new mechanism by which Ampelopsis Radix Pharmacopuncture solution accounts for its beneficial effect on accelerating wound healing and anti-inflammation.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.14-18
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• 2010

Stevia rebaudiana (SR) is an herb used traditionally as a sweetener in Paraguay and Brazil, whose use is spreading to other countries, such as Japan, Korea and China. In addition to its low calorie sweet taste, SR appears to have other beneficial properties, such as hypotensive capabilities and inflammation reduction. To identify the bioactive natural constituents exerting anti-inflammatory activities, we examined the EtOAc fraction of SR. In the inflammatory mediator inhibitory assay from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages, the EtOAc fraction significantly, and dose dependently, inhibited the enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. We also found that treatment of cells with the EtOAc fraction significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) reporter gene expression. Such inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ was closely associated with the inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Therefore, we suggest that SR has the potential for development as a functional food for the treatment of immune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.454-462
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• 1999

Corticosteroids have long been used for anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatoid and other purposes in hospital. These effects may be due to inhibit immune reaction. So the animal given corticosteroids was more susceptible to infection because of immunosuppressive effect of corticosteroids. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prednisolone on the lymphocyte subset in the spleen, immunoglobulin in serum, spleen weight, thymus weight and total WBC in peripheral blood. Mice were randomized into 3 groups. Each group has 24 mice. The small dosage group were given by 4 mg/kg/day of prednisolone for 4 days and the large dosage group were given by 8 mg/kg/day respectively. Prednisolone was suspended in saline and orally administered. Mice in control group were given saline alone. Eight mice in each group were sacrificed every week after administration of predisolone. The weight of thymus and spleen were mesured immediately. Lymphocytes were taken from spleen and these cells were analysed by flow cytometry. Also the concentration of total immunoglobulins in serum were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). T cell, T-helper cell and T-cytotoxic cell were all significantly (P<0.05) decreased at 1 week after administration of predisolone and at 2 weeks they recovered similarly to that of control. Population of B cell showed various distribution. The concentration of total immunoglobulins in serum was not changed significantly. The weight ratio of spleen to body decreased significantly (P＜0.05) during predisolone administration but increased at 1 week later, Eventually the weight ratio was recovered to that of control at 2 weeks. The weight ratio of thymus to body decreased significantly (P<0.05) by prednisolone and recovered gradually up to normal ratio 2 weeks later.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2014

Objectives Trachelospermi caulis, known as Nak-Suk-Deung in Korea, is the dried leafy stem of Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium Nakai, and climbing stems and branches of Trachelospermum sdisyivum var, intermedium nakai or Apocyanaceae. Trachelospermi caulis has antipyretic and analgesic activity. It has traditionally been used as a folk remedy in Korea for the treatment of various infla mMatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Effects of Trachelospermum caulis extract on SNP-induced infla mMatory responses in rabbit HIG-82 synovial membrane cells. Methods Anti-infla mMatory effects of the extract of Trachelospermum caulis were investigated using rabbit HIG-82 synovial membrane cells. For this study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, western blot analysis, PGE2 i mMunoassay, and NO detection were conducted. Results The aqueous extract of Trachelospermum caulis exerted cytotoxicity and suppressed PGE2 synthesis and NO production in rabbit HIG-82 synovial membrane cells. The aqueous extract of Trachelospermum caulis also inhibited the SNP-induced expressions of COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-$\alpha$ in rabbit HIG-82 synovial membrane cells. Conclusions These results showed that the extract of Trachelospermum caulis exerts the anti-infla mMatory effect by suppressing COX-2, iNOS, and TNF-$\alpha$ expressions in the synovial membrane cells.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.886-891
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• 2008

복합 교원성 질환은 류마티스 관절염, 경피증, 전신성 홍반성 낭창, 다발성 근염의 다양한 임상양상을 나타내면서 혈청학적 검사에서 항 ENA 항체를 갖는 질환이다. 성인에서 1972년 25례의 복합 교원성 질환의 첫 보고 이래 국내에서 성인에서 발생한 복합 교원성 질환에 대한 몇몇 보고가 있었지만, 소아에서는 복합 교원성 질환의 보고가 드물다. 7세 여아가 내원 3개월 전부터 시작된 양 손가락에, 글쓰기 및 한랭노출에 의해 유발되는, 가역적인 색깔변화와 차가움을 주소로 내원하였다. 신체 검사에서 양측 손가락들의 부종 및 오른쪽 집게손가락 끝에 궤양이 관찰되었다. 혈청학적 검사에서 다른 교원성 질환의 증거 없이 높은 역가의 ANA와 항 ENA 항체 중 항 RNP 항체가 고역가로 검출되었다. Raynaud 현상과 궤양에 대해 slow releasing nifedipin을 사용하였으나 호전 보이지 않아 스테로이드를 투약 하였고, 이후 궤양은 치유 되었으며, Raynaud 현상의 빈도도 현저히 감소하였다. 그러나 steroid를 점차 감량하는 동안 탈모 및 관절염 증상이 새로 발현되었으며, 현재 겨울에 악화되는 Raynaud 증상과 관절염으로 추적 관찰 중이다. 이에 본 저자들은 Raynaud 현상으로 발현되고 추적 동안에 탈모와 관절염이 나타난 복합 교원성 질환의 드문 소아 증례를 보고하는 바이다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.509-517
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• 2008

Gyejijakyakjimo-tang is a multi-herbal formula that is composed of nine medicinal herbs. Gyejijakyakjimo-tang has been reported to have antipyretic and analgesic effects. Gyejijakyakjimo-tang has traditionally been used for goat and rheumatoid arthritis. However, analgesic and antiinflammatory effects of Gyejijakyakjimo-tang has not been clarified yet. In this study, we investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of the aqueous extract of Gyejijakyakjimo-tang. We evaluated the aqueous extract of Gyejijakyakjimo-tang on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in murine raw 264.7 macrophage cells. For this study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$) immunoassay, and nitric oxide (NO) detection were performed. Gyejijakyakjimo-tang suppressed $PGE_2$ synthesis and NO production by inhibiting the LPS-induced expressions of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA in murine raw 264.7 macrophage cells. These results show that Gyejijakyakjimo-tang has the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect by mostly suppressing COX-2 and iNOS expressions, and resulting in the inhibition of $PGE_2$ synthesis and NO production.